Establishing the framework of influencing factors of carbon emission reduction efficiency from two aspects of driving factors and inhibiting factors and makes theoretical analysis. The panel data model is used to construct the model of influencing factors of carbon emission reduction efficiency. Collecting relevant data from 30 regions in China from 2011 to 2016 and selecting reasonable indicators,the impact of industrial structure, carbon rights market and technological innovation on carbon emission reduction efficiency have been empirical analysed. According to the analysis conclusion, further calculate the energy efficiency of each region, and then come to different regions carbon dioxide emission reduction potential, energy-saving space and emission reduction space. The concept of carbon emission decoupling is introduced to calculate the decoupling index of four stages in China and analyze the change of decoupling degree. The results show that: (1) The industrial structure greatly affects the efficiency of carbon emission reduction, the increase of the proportion of the secondary industry will increase the rate of change of carbon emissions, reduce the efficiency of carbon emission reduction, and the establishment of carbon rights market and technological innovation ability can effectively improve the efficiency of carbon emission reduction; (2) China"s regional energy efficiency is not balanced .There is still great potential for carbon reduction, energy saving and emission reduction.; (3) The stage decoupling index of different regions is different, but the degree of decoupling is strengthened year by year, and the space of emission reduction is gradually reduced, indicating that the overall trend of economic growth on the pressure of emission reduction eased.