The "double—carbon" goal is an important measure for China to achieve high-quality development. It is necessary to accelerate the optimization and upgrading of Anhui's industrial structure to meet it. The energy consumption of Anhui Province is mainly coal, and the carbon emission is high while The carbon emission intensity is higher than the average level of the Yangtze River Delta Region. Meanwhile, the implementation effect is comparatively not so good. In order to solve the problems of large carbon emission base, unreasonable energy consumption structure, high proportion of resource-based industries, lagging development of low-carbon industries, and insufficient level of technological innovation., we should promote the industrial transformation and adjustment, strengthen top-level design, accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of industrial structure, reasonably formulate differentiated industrial policies, promote green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovation.