This paper selects 139 Chinese literature from 2003 to 2018 as the samples,with content analysis and literature research, in order to review and prospect of New R D Institutions.It is found that, although the number of papers published in new R D institutions has been increasing in recent years, it is still taking case studies as the main method, focusing on qualitative analysis and summary of the status, taking the "Situation - Question - Suggestion" model and putting forward suggestions or measures for problems and deficiencies, and being a lack of quantitative analysis and empirical research, and also a lack of a complete theoretical framework. Then, starting with the coupling perspective of the new R D institutions as the multiparty cooperation innovation with official-industry-education-research, and basing on the innovation ecosystem and the innovation value chain perspective, this paper looks into the internal innovation process from the knowledge source, obtaining, transforming to the application of a complete set of circular recursion, constructing a new ecological paradigm and identifying the niche of new R D institutions in the innovation value chain in order to help the scientific and technological achievements across the valley of death, and form a complete theoretical framework and empirical exploration path.