As a new important carrier of innovation and entrepreneurship education, the public innovation space in universities plays a major role. On the strategy of innovation-driven development, the colleges and universities explored the different modes of building public innovation space with their advantages. However, there is still lack of scientific understanding and systematic thinking in theoretical research. In terms of spatial layout and function orientation, there is a lack of an ecosystem of innovation and Entrepreneurship from the perspective of ecosystem.Through explaining the connotation of public innovation space,and analyzing the problems of the public innovation space in universities, this paper explores the system structure model and elements interaction relationship of public innovation space based on niche theory, combined with the practical experience of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities. It puts forward the construction strategy of public innovation space ecosystem in universities, and comprehensively promotes the scientific development of the public innovation space in universities.