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1.
A model of dynamic programming for repairing strategies of concrete structures during a projected service period is proposed,which takes into account the degradation in strength of components and the probability of accidental load.This model takes the safety grade of a structural system as the state variable of repairing strategies,and incorporates economic factors including expected repair cost,property loss due to structure failure,goods and material loss due to structure failure,loss of production interrupt due to structure failure,and inspection cost in decision making.It is found that the optimal repairing strategies are sensitive to the probability of accidental loads as well as the failure costs.The practicality of the model is demonstrated by an example. 相似文献
2.
《淮阴师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,32(5):699-700
The Meaning, Content and Level of Needs of the People＇s Livehood
Needs of the peoples＇livehood are the needs for peopleg living, thatg to say, people using various living conditions to safeguard and improve their own lives and to create a better life. Needs of the people＇s livehood is a comprehensive category combined with many-sided contents including Material needs, social needs and spiritual life needs and environmental needs including material needs, social needs, spiritual needs and ecological needs. Needs of the peoples＇ livehood is a need with directional trend, and it registers as the different levels from low to high, which can be divided into three basic levels： survival needs, enjoy needs and development needs. 相似文献
Needs of the peoples＇livehood are the needs for peopleg living, thatg to say, people using various living conditions to safeguard and improve their own lives and to create a better life. Needs of the people＇s livehood is a comprehensive category combined with many-sided contents including Material needs, social needs and spiritual life needs and environmental needs including material needs, social needs, spiritual needs and ecological needs. Needs of the peoples＇ livehood is a need with directional trend, and it registers as the different levels from low to high, which can be divided into three basic levels： survival needs, enjoy needs and development needs. 相似文献
3.
Yadolla Saeednia 《美中教育评论》2009,6(9):52-56,84
Despite the fact that the Maslow＇s hierarchy of basic needs has been vastly applied in literatures, a majority of resources has neglected to take the need to know and to understand into account. Moreover, there is a wide disagreement in the rest of resources in situation of that need. This article attempts to show that （1） Maslow has had faith in that need as a basic need; and （2） even though Maslow has not explicitly mentioned the situation of this need in his hierarchy, it is possible to find its situation through implications of Maslow＇s writing and other researchers＇ findings. 相似文献
4.
The foundation of any teaching program should be the needs of the students.A syllabus can be successful only if it meets the needs of the particular group of students for whom it is intended.However,close needs analysis has been absent in some English classes.The present study aimed to solve the problem of the possible mismatch between English learners and teachers especially in the intensive English training class.To identify the English students’ needs in an intensive English training class,the questionnaires designed by the researcher were administered to the students.It was found that the English teaching would be based on real communication.Finally,the tentative syllabus was designed for English teaching based on the result of the need analysis. 相似文献
5.
One day the famous(著名的)scientistAlbert Einstein ___1____ an oldfriend of his in the street in NewYork. "Mr Einstein, "said ___2____ friend,"You need to ____3___ a new coat.Look, _____4__ worn out(破旧的)it is! " 相似文献
6.
Dorothy Cynthia Nampota 《美中教育评论》2009,6(8):30-37
Due to the increasing number of children and youth dropping out of school, the Malawi government came up with a strategy to address their learning needs through non-formal means in its EFA plan. This resulted in the introduction of a three-year cycle pilot programme known as Complementary Basic Education （CBE）. Funded by GTZ, a German funding agency, the CBE programme has since entered its second year of implementation. This paper reports an evaluation study of the CBE programme so far, with a view of highlighting some of the challenges affecting its implementation. Using a qualitative methodology, the study found that the programme is in many respects, potentially beneficial to various groups of stakeholders including learners, their parents and the community in general. However, the study finds that the major setback in achieving this potential lies in the differences in perception of what should count as curriculum for the CBE programme between providers and beneficiaries. There is a mismatch between ＂needs＂ as perceived by learners and community members on the one hand, and ＂needs＂ as perceived by the providers on the other hand. The paper discusses some of the issues that the providers need to respond to if CBE implementation is going to be beneficial to the livelihood needs of the learners and the immediate community. 相似文献
7.
《西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2014,(2):183-186
China has entered the era of surplus economy when it is possible for Chinese people to satisfy their material needs. However, since the supply of cultural product is far below the level of its de mand, the people are still in a deficit state in spiritual life. The deficiency in spiritual life is quite dif ferent from that in material life, in the sense that it cannot be overcome by the development of culture industry. The way of satisfying a cultural need is wholly different from that of a material need, thus the substitute of the former with the latter necessarily leads to the alienation of needs. Only when we substitute “preference economics” with “necessary economics” is it possible for us to see the potential ity of transformation from the “bourgeois society” to the “human society”, revealed by Marxian cri tique of political economics, and to set the base for the theoretical innovation of the transformation era. Western Marxist Critique of Political Economics has provided us with a rewarding reference. 相似文献
8.
Needs Analysis An investigation, in the light of aspecification of the tasks a learner or group of learners will berequired to perform in the TL, of what particular aspects of theTL need to be learnt in order to bring about proficiency in theseparticular tasks. The results of the needs analysis can then beused to determine a syllabus and suitable teaching techniques. Norm(ⅰ) The mode of speech and the grammatical us 相似文献
9.
Q:下面这道选择填空题多数同学都选C,可所给答案为A,请问need to do与need doing有何区别?
Don't throw away the waste paper.It needs____so that it can be reused.
A.collect B.collected C.to collect D.collecting
A:考查非谓语动词的用法.动词need意为“需要”,后跟动词不定式to do,意为“需要去做某事”.如:
例1:There is something wrong with my car,I need to repair it.我的车出问题了,需要修理.
例2:I don't need to see the doctor.我不需要看病.
动词need后跟doing,意为“需要被做某事”,含有被动的意思,相当于need to be done.如:
例3:My hair needs washing.我的头发需要洗一洗. 相似文献
10.
In petrochemical plant, the in-operation repairing is usually a repairing strategy with pressured inoperation repairing for avoiding huge economic losses caused by unplanned shutdown when some slight local leakage happens in pipes. This paper studies the effects of repairing strategies on the failure probability of the pipe systems in process industries based on the time-average fault tree approach, especially the in-operation repairing strategies including pressured in-operation repairing activities. The fault tree model can predict the effect of different repairing plans on the pipe failure probability, which is significant to the optimization of the repairing plans. At first pipes are distinguished into four states in this model, i.e., successive state, flaw state, leakage state and failure state. Then the fault tree approach, which is usually applied in the studies of dynamic equipment, is adopted to model the pipe failure. Moreover, the effect of pressured in-operation repairing is also considered in the model. In addition, this paper proposes a series of time-average parameters of the fault tree model, all of which are used to calculate node parameters of the fault tree model. At last, a practical case is calculated based on the fault tree model in a repairing activity of pipe thinning. 相似文献
11.
With globalization there is an increasing need for spoken English for Chinese college students. However, the situation of the teaching system of spoken English in most universities in China is not satisfactory. Influenced by the exam-oriented teaching system, great importance has been put on English grammar and the skills of reading and writing. As a result, students’enthusiasm in improving their spoken English is diminished. Actually, students need some knowledge about English culture background before they can communicate effectively. It is significant for teachers to find out the students’wants and lacks during their spoken English study. Besides, attentions should be paid to English culture background in spoken English classes by both teachers and students. This paper mainly aimed at finding out the needs of students for English culture background in spoken English classes based on the theory of needs analysis. 相似文献
12.
DNA is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. It is essential for maintaining accurate transmission of genetic information. In the life cycle, DNA replication, cell division, or genome damage, including that caused by endogenous and exogenous agents, may cause DNA aberrations. Of all forms of DNA damage, DNA double-strand breaks(DSBs) are the most serious. If the repair function is defective, DNA damage may cause gene mutation, genome instability, and cell chromosome loss, which in turn can even lead to tumorigenesis. DNA damage can be repaired through multiple mechanisms. Homologous recombination(HR) and non-homologous end joining(NHEJ) are the two main repair mechanisms for DNA DSBs. Increasing amounts of evidence reveal that protein modifications play an essential role in DNA damage repair.Protein deubiquitination is a vital post-translational modification which removes ubiquitin molecules or polyubiquitinated chains from substrates in order to reverse the ubiquitination reaction. This review discusses the role of deubiquitinating enzymes(DUBs) in repairing DNA DSBs. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of DUB regulation in DSB repair will provide new insights to combat human diseases and develop novel therapeutic approaches. 相似文献
13.
Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-ribosylation is a unique post-translational modification that regulates many biological processes,such as DNA damage repair.During DNA repair,ADP-ribosylation needs to be reversed by ADP-ribosylhydrolases.A group of ADP-ribosylhydrolases have a catalytic domain,namely the macrodomain,which is conserved in evolution from prokaryotes to humans.Not all macrodomains remove ADP-ribosylation.One set of macrodomains loses enzymatic activity and only binds to ADP-ribose(ADPR).Here,we summarize the biological functions of these macrodomains in DNA damage repair and compare the structure of enzymatically active and inactive macrodomains.Moreover,small molecular inhibitors have been developed that target macrodomains to suppress DNA damage repair and tumor growth.Macrodomain proteins are also expressed in pathogens,such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).However,these domains may not be directly involved in DNA damage repair in the hosts or pathogens.Instead,they play key roles in pathogen replication.Thus,by targeting macrodomains it may be possible to treat pathogen-induced diseases,such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). 相似文献
14.
一、考查正确选择关系代词和关系副词关系代词(下划线为答案) 1．The famous basketball star,____ tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention．[2002北京春] A．where B．when C．which D.who 2．Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ____ roof is under repair．[2006福建] A.whose B．which C．of which D．that 3．Can you tell me who’s the man over there ____ is selling the books?The ugly-looking man and his books ____ I saw at the school gate impresses me a lot． 相似文献
15.
王禄 《中学英语之友(初二版)》2007,(10)
Ⅰ.单项选择 1. ____ cinnamon do we need to make fruit salad? A. How many B. How much C. How far D. How often 2. Tom, pour the milk ____ the blender. A. at B. to C. into D. from 3. Mum is ____ two apples, two bananas and a carrot. A. cut B. cutting C. cuts up D. cutting up 4. When I get home, I ____ the TV first. A. turn B. open C. turn on D. surf 5. When the bus comes, we ____ getting on the bus. A. take turns B. turn on C. in order D. orderly 6. They!re thinking of a recipe ____ a… 相似文献
16.
李文 《中学英语之友(初二版)》2007,(Z2)
Ⅰ.词汇。(15分) A) 从括号里选出适当的词语, 用其恰当的形式填入空白处。(10分) (instruction, weather, survey, mix, achievement, outstanding, need, lend, autograph, friendly) 1. You may ____ these drinks up. 2. This is headmaster!s ____. 3. I have Yang Ying!s ____. 4. No one came to the sales because the ____ was so bad. 5. China has had a great ____ since 1978. 6. The man in the story is very ____. 7. We did a ____ of our readers. 8. I!m tired. I ____ to have a rest. 9. He likes this book. Pl… 相似文献
17.
陈红英 《中学英语之友(高三版)》2007,(Z1)
1. He was the first to ____ the danger. A. spot B. recognize C. notice D. watch 2. The monument ____ a bird was built ____ the heroes who lost their lives in the war. A. in the shape of, in memory of B. in shape of, in memory of C. in the shape of, in the memory of D. in shape of, in the memory of 3. Every weekend, Mrs. Green asked her daughter to visit museum in order to ____ her interest in science. A. develop B. grow C. build D. make 4. A judge has the ____ to send a person into priso… 相似文献
18.
Andy Gillett 《通化师范学院学报》2005,(2)
EAP refers to the language and associated skills that students need to undertake study in higher education through the medium of English. EAP is a branch of ESP * in that the teaching content is matched to the learners requirements (Robinson, 1991, pp. 2-5): EAP is goal directed - students learn Enligsh because they need it. EAP courses are based on needs analyses - which specify clearly what students have to do in English (but see: Benesch, 2001). Most EAP courses are fixed term - short presessional courses are fixed term - short presessional courses or longer foundation courses - in preparation for academic courses. Students may need specialist language, but not necessarily - courses are defined by the activities the students will engage in. A very high level of proficiency may not be required - 相似文献
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20.
《中学英语之友(初二版)》2007,(10)
Ⅰ.单项选择 1. ____ does your father get to work, by train or by car? A. How B. How often C. How long D. What about 2. First, ____ you have everything ready for camping, such as food, drinks and clothes. A. know B. make C. need D. check 3. Mum needs some 相似文献