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1.
This paper describes a mixed-methods case study of a national reform of College English teaching in China which called for
the integration of ICT (information and communication technology) into English classroom teaching and self-access learning.
The study examined ICT implementation of the national reform in a specific tertiary institution from the perspectives of ICT
use in language education and ICT-related policies and practices for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers. The findings
indicated that the reform had represented a challenge for teachers, who were expected to adapt to technologically-enhanced
teaching materials, embrace student-centred classroom teaching and guide students’ autonomous learning in ICT settings. Constraints
included insufficient ICT facilities, teachers’ limited ICT skills and pedagogic expertise; and lack of effective communication
networks and inadequate technical support and ICT-related training also hindered the smooth ICT implementation of the reform.
Implications for national and institutional policy-making are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Deryn Watson 《Education and Information Technologies》2006,11(3-4):199-216
This paper sets the debates of the other papers in the context of a benchmark in time that is after four decades of deliberations about the relationship between ICT and education. The environment for and deliberations about this relationship has been one of rapid change in perspectives, most characterised as a shift of focus from the technology to learning. While contemplating the future however, a number of enduring issues remain, including understanding how learning occurs, learning with or about the technology, and the role of the teacher and professional development. The papers address these issues, as well as exploring national policies and software learning environments; all reflect on the growing complexity of the situation and the conundrum of failure to achieve ‘lift-off.’ Key phrases for debates in the future include lifelong learning, the commonplace of ICT in society, the digital world of the young, and the digital ethical dilemmas. In addition I suggest that the key word of change could be paid more attention. 相似文献
3.
Sarah Younie 《Education and Information Technologies》2006,11(3-4):385-400
This paper examines lessons learnt from national research and evaluation studies of ICT in schools in the UK. From research on policy implementation and reform in education, it is well known that change is either very slow or tends to fail. Implementation is a complex procedure, not a direct translation from government policy to practice. Alongside documentary analysis of national evaluation reports, the analysis provides a framework for understanding the implementation process, which exemplifies the structural procedures involved. Government policy has to be filtered through macro, meso and micro levels, as policy is mediated through national agencies (macro), regional agencies (meso) down to individual schools and teachers at the micro level. The analysis identified five key areas that were problematic regarding government policy implementation. These related to management, funding, technology procurement, ICT training and impact on pedagogy. Specifically these were (1) the multi-agency nature of the initiatives in the UK and their leadership; (2) funding disparities that emerged and (3) how these impacted on differential technology resourcing and procurement between schools; (4) the UK’s national ICT training programme for serving teachers; and (5) the impact on pedagogy, of which the latter to date, has been more limited than politicians had hoped. The analysis indicates that policy aims can be achieved if an awareness of the complexity of the implementation process is maintained. This necessitates an understanding of the fact that it is a fluid, non-linear, reiterative process in which key factors are dynamically inter-related: namely, ICT needs to be implemented on multiple fronts, both materially in terms of an ICT infrastructure and culturally in terms of generating an ethos that values ICT for classroom practice. Attending to the multidimensionality of ICT policy implementation aids the management of the change process at the local level of the school. This allows for an understanding of the ways in which teachers interpret policy and engage in implementation of ICT at the local level. 相似文献
4.
This paper examines data from a series of visits to secondary schools in England which have been identified as doing innovative work with ICT. The paper argues that stable definitions of innovation are difficult in this context and require an understanding of both the technological contexts of innovation and the concept of a school as a dynamic learning community. Data is presented in the form of vignettes to demonstrate how the school visits formed a kind of “performance” in relation to the schools’ own claims about innovations and the enquiries of the research team. Discussion of the data focuses on three key themes which emerge: the changing roles of teachers; new technologies/new pedagogies and the public face of the school. The paper concludes with the observation that innovation is necessarily complex but pupil agency and creativity should always play a vital part. 相似文献
5.
Marina Papastergiou 《Education and Information Technologies》2011,16(3):281-299
The increasing importance that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been gaining for Physical Education (PE)
and sports pedagogy has generated the need to prepare ICT-proficient prospective PE teachers within PE and sport science university
departments. This study was aimed at: (a) the design and implementation of two project-based elective courses on ICT in education
(entitled ‘Informatics in Education’ and ‘Computers in Physical Education Teaching’) for the undergraduate students of a PE
and sport science department, and (b) the investigation of students’ responses to the courses and instructor’s experiences
from organizing and imparting the courses. The courses were focused on educational multimedia and web development for PE.
Twenty-three students that had attended ‘Informatics in Education’ and 13 students that had attended ‘Computers in Physical
Education Teaching’ participated in the study. Research data were collected through student questionnaires and instructor’s
notes. It was found that students were helped to acquire basic multimedia and web development skills for educational purposes,
and that their responses to the courses were positive overall. The courses fulfilled students’ expectations and were successful
in equipping students with self-confidence in their ability to make use of ICT in PE courses and to construct multimedia and
web-based learning materials. Furthermore, students were provided with opportunities to express their creativity and improve
their future instructional practices. However, the study also brought to light the various difficulties and challenges of
training prospective PE teachers in the didactical utilization of ICT at undergraduate level. 相似文献
6.
The paper presents the progress of the action plan for the improvement of the ICT usage at the Helen Parkhurst Dalton School for secondary education in the Netherlands. At the start of the described action period in 2007, the ICT-usage in education was assessed through a review performed by a group of European inspectors. This assessment formed the basis for a continuous development in the school for promoting and improving the usage of ICT to improve the effectiveness of education. We did this by addressing the observed weaknesses with special measures, and continuing the action plans which were already put in place. We kept loyal to our starting point that technology use has to be determined through a strong vision of education and not that technology determines our philosophy as is sometimes the case. It was determined that the curriculum that should drive the learning, not the technology. In 2009 we carried out an intermediate self-evaluation. We established a new vision for school development for the near future. In this vision there was much room for a growing role of ICT usage. Concrete plans for the future were made. In this paper, the third in a row, we will try to assess the full impact of this implementation for teachers, learners and the quality of the teaching and learning process by comparing the assessment of 2007 with a self evaluation on the same indicators in 2011. 相似文献
7.
Inge M. Bryderup Anne Larson Marlene Quisgaard Trentel 《Education and Information Technologies》2009,14(4):365-379
For years, increased use of ICT in education and training has been part of the Danish education policy, and the number of
computers in schools and the actual use of ICT have grown. At the same time, school leaders’ and teachers’ pedagogical paradigm
in primary and lower secondary schools seems to be changing from a lifelong learning paradigm (focussed on student-centred,
active, and autonomous leaning) to a more traditional paradigm (focussed on curriculum-centred teaching and instructions).
The aim of this paper is to describe this development in relation to the way ICT is used as well as to changes in educational
policy. Beck and Beck-Gerrnsheim (2002) theory about ‘institutionalized individualization’ as characteristic of the reflexive society serves as a theoretical framework
for better understanding the observed changes. 相似文献
8.
This paper outlines some implications for pupils’ learning and for teachers of information and communication technology (ICT) in primary or elementary education of using complete ‘reach and teach’ resource and lesson plan solutions to support a national scheme of work. The example resources referenced in the paper are ‘The LCP ICT Resource Files for Schools’, designed to enable teachers to deliver the ICT National Curriculum requirements for England and are structured to closely follow the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) scheme of work. The authors of the LCP ICT Resource Files became aware that there was a widespread takeup of their materials and that, therefore, the resources had potentially a substantial impact upon practice in many schools.Models of curriculum provision are presented and characteristics of good practice are adduced which the author recommends to those who write, review or evaluate complete teaching solutions for ICT. 相似文献
9.
Kim H. Koh Charlene Tan Pak Tee Ng 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2012,24(2):135-149
Using Singapore as an example, we argue that schools need to equip and encourage teachers to adopt authentic assessment in
teaching and learning so as to develop the students’ higher-order thinking. The importance of teaching and assessing higher-order
thinking in Singapore classrooms is encapsulated in the vision of ‘Thinking Schools’ launched by the Ministry of Education
in 1997. Underpinning this vision is a shift from conventional assessment to authentic assessment. Unlike conventional paper-and-pencil
tests that focus on knowledge reproduction and low-level cognitive processing skills in artificial, contrived contexts, authentic
assessment tasks underscore knowledge construction, complex thinking, elaborated communication, collaboration and problem
solving in authentic contexts. However, the creation of thinking schools in Singapore remains a constant challenge as many
teachers tend to rely on conventional assessment and are often ill-prepared to implement authentic assessment. By presenting
the findings from a recent empirical study, we propose that schools build teacher capacity by providing ongoing and sustained
professional development on authentic assessment for teachers. 相似文献
10.
Jerry Wellington 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2001,32(2):233-244
The use of ICT (information and communication technology) in homes is growing faster than its use in schools and colleges—and there are already more systems in homes than in educational settings. This article argues that we should attempt to enter the area which most research on ICT in education tends to ignore: the secret garden of the learner at home. It is based partly on two pilot case-studies of secondary schools and a small sample of their students. Given the paucity of research in this area the article poses more questions than it answers. What are the implications of ICT use at home for teachers in schools? Do home systems interfere with school education or can they be used to enhance it? How should teachers respond to, and assess, work done using home ICT? Is the home situation widening the gap between one set of pupils (the "haves" of ICT) and another? Suggestions for school policies and action research for the future are put forward. 相似文献
11.
Jill Slay 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2011,6(4):841-843
In this paper I reflect on perspectives presented by John Settlage as he examines the truth of the proposition that ‘many
teacher educators harbour deficit perspectives about their pre-service teachers, presuming that their lack of exposure to
economically, ethnically and linguistically diverse settings renders them deficient as future educators.’ In the study presented
in his paper, he ‘uncovered shifting identities that indicate that mainstream future teachers do not fit the ‘‘damaged goods’’
label that ardent multiculturalists might be tempted to impose.’ One of his conclusions was that ‘the practices of essentializing
education majors because of their perceived deficiencies born of privilege are inaccurate and unproductive.’ My reflections
focus on tertiary teacher-researchers in mathematics, information technology, environmental sciences and engineering, their
students and racism, and broaden Settlage’s context to teaching and research relationships in this setting. 相似文献
12.
13.
Bev Rogers 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2003,30(2):65-87
Educational research has been criticised by governments and practitioners. For some politicians and policy makers, there is
a tendency to look for direct links between research and successful, effective and efficient practice. Research is needed
to inform their evidence-based practice as policy makers, and to provide the kind of research teachers need to base their
practice on the best available evidence for doing ‘x rather than y’ (Hargreaves 1996) or predicting the ‘size of the effect
of A on B’ (Blunkett 2000). There is no doubt that both teachers and policy makers do make decisions on a daily basis based
on some form of evidence. This paper explores Hargreaves’ notion of evidence-based practice, providing a range of criticisms.
It also examines Carr’s historical account of ‘praxis’ and ‘poiesis’ to suggest a notion of evidence-based praxis based partly
on the historical notion of ‘phronesis’ — practical wisdom. The basis for this is the argument that wise and practical ethical
and moral judgements are central to an understanding of teachers’ daily work. What to do in a specific educational situation
cannot be determined solely by theoretical beliefs or by ‘techne’. However the ethical dimension is not the only consideration.
The paper suggests that evidence-based praxis use Stenhouse’s notion of ‘actionable evidence’, which includes the ethical
dimension, but also Thomson’s concept of ‘thisness’, which describes the unique contextual characteristics of a school. If
disadvantaged schools can make some sort of difference to learning opportunities for students, it is argued that teachers
might engage in evidence-based praxis which involves them in reflecting on, and theorising what is happening in classrooms,
schools and neighbourhoods. This ‘praxis’ also involves them in modifying their theories, critically analysing ‘what works’,
questioning how they know and developing ideas about how things might be done differently. There will be an element of developing
knowledge about teaching and learning strategies (Hargreaves’ ‘body of knowledge’), but it will be in the context of the ethical
and moral dilemmas associated with education. It will take up the question of local differences as well as a realistic approach
to what constitutes actual school improvement. Evidence-based praxis is also essentially a collective activity not an individual
approach. Future development of the notion of evidence-based praxis might also include involving students in a more reciprocal
and open learning process like that highlighted by researchers who focus on student participation linked to school reform. 相似文献
14.
ICT is meant to be integrated in all subjects in Norwegian schools; nevertheless many teachers are reluctant to use ICT in their own teaching. This paper explores to what extent teachers use ICT in their classroom teaching and what teacher‐level factors influence the use of ICT. It draws on an analysis of 10 focus‐group interviews with 10 teachers and a quantitative study of 59 teachers in three lower secondary schools in Hamar, Norway. The teachers showed commitment to ICT; however, may did not see the educational value, except for increased access to learning material and to stimulate learner motivation. Teachers also expressed lack of ICT confidence even though they have been taking part in ICT courses. A main finding is that to integrate ICT in one’s own teaching is a difficult and gradual process and teachers must be given time to find their own way to merge ICT with their own teaching style. 相似文献
15.
ICT and Community of Practice 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The paper describes an action research study investigating ICT as an integrated artefact in lower secondary schools in Norway. The study is part of a national project called PILOT, which focuses on the pedagogic use of ICT in education. The aim of the project is to develop an understanding of how ICT can become an integrated part of the teaching process and the case study focuses on how ICT impacts the design of practice fields towards a community of practice concept in one PILOT school at the lower secondary school level. The findings from questionnaires, observations and interviews with the principal, teachers and students revealed that implementing ICT in parallel with other innovations and dismantling “preserving structures” has contributed positively towards developing the practice field and achieving the different aims for the school. The school has avoided an incremental implementation of ICT, and this seems to be an important strategy for the school's design towards a community of practice concept. 相似文献
16.
Miriam Judge 《Irish Educational Studies》2013,32(3):309-333
This article discusses the research findings from the start-up phase of an innovative information and communication technology (ICT) project focused on ICT integration as a complex process involving many factors such as leadership, school readiness and organisational culture. Known locally as Hermes, the project's core objective was to provide an improved and ‘trouble-free’ ICT infrastructure for schools using thin client technology and a wireless broadband network, which would be managed centrally rather than locally. It was anticipated that this solution would help remove the barriers associated with ICT integration caused by technical issues. Based on an in-depth study of innovation adoption in eight schools involving a survey (n=119 teachers) and interviews (n=60 teachers), the study portrays a picture of the ICT integration patterns prior to and during the Hermes intervention in terms of schools' ICT readiness, leadership and vision. This small scale study can help us understand first- and second-order barriers to ICT integration in schools. In particular, this study informs us about the ecology of schools and ICT-based innovation, innovation scalability and contributes to a critical study of educational technology via a context-rich account of how educational technology is actually being mediated, rather than an idealised account of how technology could be used. 相似文献
17.
Jo Tondeur Don Krug Mike Bill Maaike Smulders Chang Zhu 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2013,22(5):565-584
This study explores the introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Kenyan secondary schools. Specifically, it is a case study of four schools with no previous access to ICT. The professional development programme from which data for this study were drawn was designed to support teachers learning to integrate ICT in the curriculum. Using a mixed-method research approach, the authors collected data from multiple sources and triangulated the views of various stakeholders: questionnaires with teachers, focus groups with teachers, school leaders and ICT coordinators, field observations and document analysis. While the broader programme focused on the use of ICT, the results highlighted in this study focus on the development of the four schools with respect to 1) vision building, 2) leadership, 3) collaboration, 4) expertise and 5) access to adequate resources. The discussion centres on the challenges and opportunities inherent in understanding how to prepare schools in developing countries to integrate ICT in education. 相似文献
18.
Educational reform in Singapore: from quantity to quality 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Pak Tee Ng 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2008,7(1):5-15
In 2004, Prime Minister Lee called teachers to “teach less” so that students might “learn more”. In 2005, the Ministry of
Education clarified this philosophical statement to mean transforming learning from quantity to quality—“more quality and
less quantity” in education. This is in line with the national vision of ‘Thinking Schools, Learning Nation’. This policy
initiative, which began in 2004, is set to change the fundamental nature of education in Singapore. This article discusses
this initiative, its major implications for schools in Singapore and the challenges to be addressed in the implementation
of the policy. In particular, the article discusses the issues of understanding an engaged learning paradigm, establishing
signposts for the shift from quantity to quality and the difficulties of system-wide transformation. The challenge for schools
is to go beyond the form of the initiative to bring real, substantial and sustainable educational change through this movement. 相似文献
19.
This study investigated teacher educators’, prospective teachers’, and K-12 teachers’ opinions about the effectiveness of
ICT related courses and the ways to improve the courses in Turkey’s pre-service teacher education programs. The researchers
used both quantitative and qualitative research approaches within the data collection and analysis processes. The data were
collected from 111 teacher educators, 1,330 prospective teachers, and 1,429 K-12 teachers through questionnaires; and from
6 teacher educators, 6 prospective teachers, and 6 K-12 teachers through interviews. Even though a majority of the participants
felt that ICT related courses are effective, most participants recommended that these courses need to be redesigned to be
more beneficial in practice. 相似文献
20.
This paper investigates the ways in which corporate ideas are impacting on Australian education, with a particular emphasis on secondary schools. We note the growing importance of a culture of enterprise in changing the practices of schooling, indicating how a performative organisational culture is producing different identities and relationships in educational work. The paper begins by considering the imperative for schools and individuals to be enterprising. It then moves on to examine more closely the impact of this discursive shift on teachers, students and school communities as they engage in enterprising practices. We draw on our research of over 50 state and private schools mainly in south-east Queensland to demonstrate how the newly emergent corporate ‘curriculum’ is producing a changing set of imperatives, responsibilities and outcomes for leadership in ‘enterprising’ schools. 相似文献