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江道告 《福建基础教育研究》2009,(3):84-85
《科学课程标准》明确指出：“注重小学生对周围世界与俱来的探究兴趣和需要,强调用符合小学生年龄特点的方式学习科学,提倡科学课程贴近小学生的生活。”新课程改革使得科学教学走上了生活化、活动化、自主化、情感化的道路,它使科学教学真正贴近自然、贴近经验、贴近生活,充满生活的活力。小学科学教育提倡关注小学生对周围世界与生俱来的探究兴趣和需要,用符合小学生年龄特点的方式学习科学,提倡科学课程贴近小学生的生活。 相似文献
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调查小学生学科学习兴趣的结果表明,小学生对学校学科课程的兴趣普遍较高,小学生感兴趣的学科课程依次是语文、数学、科学、音乐、英语和思想品德。在小学,年级变量对兴趣的主效应不明显,在语文、音乐两科的兴趣上女生显著高于男生。课程的性质和特征是影响兴趣水平的重要变量。突出问题情境、联系学生经验促进相关,树立学习信心,让学生体验成功产生满足,是提高兴趣与课程的匹配性有效策略。 相似文献
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随着基础教育课程改革的深入开展及科学课程的实施,广大科学课教师和小学生的科学素养也有了变化.为了了解实验区小学生的科学素养状况,我们采取分层抽样调查方法,对实验区小学生在科学知识、科学方法、科学兴趣和科学精神这四个科学素养的核心要素上进行了认真的调查与分析.其结果显示,实验区科学课程教师充分领会课程标准精神,改变传统教学模式,注重研究性学习和探究性学习的成效已初见端倪.课程标准实施,对于形成和发展学生的科学素养有明显成效. 相似文献
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<正>近十几年来,世界各国都加大了科学课程改革的力度,注重小学生对周围世界与生俱来的探究兴趣和需要,强调用符合小学生年龄特点的方式学习科学,提倡科学课程贴近小学生的生活。然而在关于《科学课程标准》的落实的过程 相似文献
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韩远明 《试题与研究：高中理科综合》2021,(12)
兴趣是推动小学生认真学习科学课的内在驱动力。新课改的深入与有效进行,使得老师真正认识到了培养小学生良好学习兴趣的重要性与必要性。如何在小学课堂教学中激发学生学习科学的兴趣,使小学生从兴趣出发爱上学习科学课,成为小学科学老师需要认真探究的课题。 相似文献
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新课程标准指出,要注重小学生对周围世界与生俱来的探究兴趣和需要,强调用符合小学生年龄特点的方式学习科学,提倡科学课程贴近小学生的生活。在小学阶段,儿童对周围世界有着强烈的好奇心和探究欲望,他们乐于动手实验,这一时期是培养他们科学兴趣、发展科学精神的重要时期。 相似文献
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In this paper, we present the design and application of a teaching scenario appropriate for 12-years-old pupils in the primary school aiming to a better understanding of scientific concepts and scientific methods, linking the development of individual thinking with the development of scientific ideas and facilitating a better understanding of the nature of science. The design of the instructional material supporting this scenario has been based on the study of the history of astronomy and especially on: (a) The various theories concerning the movement of Earth, our solar system and the universe. (b) Key-stories highlighting the evolutionary character of scientific knowledge as well as the cultural interrelations of science and society. The design of the teaching scenario has focused on the participation of pupils in gradually evolving discourses and practices encouraging an appreciation of aspects of the nature of science (e.g. the role of observation and hypothesis, the use of evidence, the creation and modification of models). In this case, pupils are asked to produce their own narratives: animation movies concerning the geocentric?Cheliocentric debate inspired by the history of science, as the animation technique presents strong expressional potential and currently has many applications in the field of educational multimedia. The research design of this current case study has been based on the SHINE research model, while data coming from pupils?? animation movies, questionnaires, interviews, worksheets, story-boards and drawings have been studied and analyzed using the GNOSIS research model. Elaborated data coming from our analysis approach reveal the appearance, transformation and evolution of aspects of nature of science appreciated by pupils and presented in their movies. Data analysis shows that during the application pupils gradually consider more and more the existence of multiple answers in scientific questions, appreciate the effect of culture on the way science functions and the way scientists work as well as the effect of new scientific interpretations that replace the old ones in the light of new evidence. The development of pupils?? animation movies carrying aspects of the history of astronomy with a strong focus on the understanding of the nature of science creates a dynamic educational environment that facilitates pupils?? introduction to a demanding teaching content (e.g. planet, model, retrograde motion) placing it in context (key-stories from the history of science) and at the same time offers to pupils the opportunity to engage their personal habits, interests and hobbies in the development of their science movies. 相似文献
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从科学素质所涵盖的科学兴趣、科学精神、科学知识和科学方法4个核心要素出发，对昆明市14县（市）区的3142名小学生进行了问卷调查，统计结果分析表明：昆明市大多数小学生对科学问题表现出较高的兴趣，但培养和激发其科学兴趣的条件还有待于改善；确立了初步的科学信念，养成了最基本的科学习惯；对环境科学的认知得分最高，对物质科学的认知相对欠缺；对科学方法的总体掌握程度不高，有掌握科学方法的积极心理倾向，但逻辑思维能力的发展水平不高。 相似文献
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Many studies have been conducted on hearing pupils' understanding of science. Findings from these studies have been used as grounds for planning instruction in school science. This article reports findings from an interview study of how deaf pupils in compulsory school reason about phenomena in a science context. The results reveal that there is variation in the extent to which pupils use scientific principles for reasoning about science phenomena. For some pupils, school science seems to have little to offer as a framework for reasoning. The results also generate questions about the need in school instruction of deaf and hard-of-hearing pupils to consider the specific teaching and learning situations in a deaf environment. 相似文献
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Martina S. J. van Uum Roald P. Verhoeff Marieke Peeters 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(3):450-469
Inquiry-based science education (IBSE) has been promoted as an inspiring way of learning science by engaging pupils in designing and conducting their own scientific investigations. For primary school teachers, the open nature of IBSE poses challenges as they often lack experience in supporting their pupils during the different phases of an open IBSE project, such as formulating a research question and designing and conducting an investigation. The current study aims to meet these challenges by presenting a pedagogical framework in which four domains of scientific knowledge are addressed in seven phases of inquiry. The framework is based on video analyses of pedagogical interventions by primary school teachers participating in open IBSE projects. Our results show that teachers can guide their pupils successfully through the process of open inquiry by explicitly addressing the conceptual, epistemic, social and/or procedural domain of scientific knowledge in the subsequent phases of inquiry. The paper concludes by suggesting further research to validate our framework and to develop a pedagogy for primary school teachers to guide their pupils through the different phases of open inquiry. 相似文献
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Discussion of the need for an understanding of the philosophy of science to inform classroom practice is mostly directed at clarifying the nature of science, the history of science, the nature of scientific evidence, and the nature of scientific method for curriculum developers and teachers. The discussion assumes no input from pupils. The constructivist perspective, however, assumes that pupils do not come to lessons with blank minds. What insights and questions do students bring to lessons about issues relevant to the philosophy and history of science? Can these be used to develop understanding? Classroom discussions about the energy concept imply that students have valuable ideas and questions related to the exploration of philosophical issues. Rather than developing curricula to tell students about the philosophy and history of science, this paper argues for exploration of student’s ideas and questions when abstract concepts are being discussed in the classroom. 相似文献
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Nathaniel A. Omilani S. Akin Akinyele Tunde S. Durowoju Ebenezer Ifeoluw Obideyi 《Education 3-13》2019,47(6):760-772
Basic Science and Technology is a subject that is based on the broad field curriculum which is the foundation for science education in Nigeria at the basic level of education. Pupils learning outcomes is usually limited to the assessment of their achievement in paper pencil test. Pupils’ skills in carrying out scientific investigation and the investigation they carry out is usually not assessed neither is the score part of pupils score in Basic Science and Technology. In this paper, we determined the effect of the integration of assessment of science practicals on basic four pupils’ achievement and problem solving in Basic Science and Technology (basic science, basic technology, and information and communication technology). Participant 303 basic four pupils (primary four) in Odeda local government of Ogun. The result indicated that pupils in the treatment group were better problem solvers in two out of the three themes in Basic Science and Technology (basic science and basic technology). Also pupils in the treatment group had a significantly higher achievement in information and communication technology theme of Basic Science and Technology. 相似文献
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This paper describes an investigation of 13- and 14-year-old pupils' classification skills when they analyze scientific data in science lessons. The study involved two matched experimental and control pairs of classes of pupils (n = 95) analyzing scientifically based data. The assessment instrument for investigating pupils' skills was the paper and pencil pre- and post-test. This instrument showed small differences between the pre- and post-tests, and also between the computer-using and noncomputer-using pupils. However, it revealed pupils' specific skills to classify and reclassify scientific data according to criteria of a single property, their tendency to prioritize discrete over continuous criteria, and also some differences between the more able and less able pupils of the same age. The less able pupils could only classify according to discrete criteria. The scientific context influenced pupils' classification skills. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Development》1988,8(4):305-314
This paper initially notes the role of scientific education in a developing country and the need to enhance scientific education among the school population. Enhancement of science education for all pupils is dependent on the distribution of schools, quality of schools and pupil participation in any country. To understand how science education is advanced in a developing country it is also important to know who is currently succeeding in science education in schools and to understand how this success is distributed amongst the school population. Thus, this paper questions whether school-based science achievement may be predetermined by antecedent factors or whether there is an equal opportunity of success amongst all pupil participants. A review of the literature has found that many antecedent factors affect school and science achievement, and these factors may be more important than within-school processes thought to enhance science education. The antecedent factors refer to: social/home background; age, religion and sex of the pupil; school class level and size; type of school attended and its locality.This study assesses how antecedent factors affect science performance in a representative sample of pupils in primary and secondary schools throughout Trinidad and Tobago. The representative sample totalled 1998 children, aged 6–10 years. Pupils were selected from a geographic transect of Trinidad and Tobago, which fulfilled demographic criteria. Once pupils were selected, biographic data were obtained for each child. Science achievement was measured by an end-of-term science examination designed for each class by the class teacher and graded on a 100% scale (within each class). Within class pupil scores were ‘standardized’ for comparisons between classes, schools, etc. Results from the analyses are summarized as: science achievement scores decrease as pupils increase in age. Girls perform consistently better than boys, with a slight variation in the sex by religion by school level interaction. Pupils in private schools score higher than pupils in similar levels of state schools. Pupils from a middle class background perform better than pupils from a working class background. Differences in performance relate to the religion of the child, with Muslim pupils scoring higher than Hindu or Christian pupils. Pupils in single-sex schools perform at higher levels than pupils in co-educational schools, and this is true for girls-only and boys-only schools. At the secondary school level the type of school attended is related to science achievement performance with pupils in prestige (usually church controlled) schools performing better than pupils in the comprehensive (state controlled) schools.The results support, develop and refine the previous literature on school and science achievement. Unusually, girls are at the forefront of science achievement in both primary and secondary schools. Also, traditional prejudices of social class, school status and location are confirmed within the school system in Trinidad and Tobago. A number of directions for future research and classroom action studies are indicated which focus on the existence of these inequalities. 相似文献
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宋五好 《三门峡职业技术学院学报》2013,(4):27-30
以河南省三门峡市两个县为例,对农村贫困地区六年级小学生的科学素养现状进行了调查分析.调查结果显示：农村贫困地区小学生的科学素养整体很低、科学课程的三维目标落实十分不全面.这是由于思想上不重视、科学教师专业能力低、缺少探究、科学课时不能保证、科学实验仪器和科学教学用具缺乏、科普读物和科普场所少等原因造成的. 相似文献
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小学阶段是培养学生科学素养和意识的关键时期,科普资源建设是基础。在针对湖南14个地州市的各类学校调查分析得知,小学科学教育在师资、教学方式、科普资源数量和经费投入都存在较大的差距,并且科学教育城乡教育不平衡。因此,在科普资源开发方面,应针对城镇和农村两个层面进行建设,针对小学生的特点,注重游戏类科普资源的开发和共享平台的建设。 相似文献