Change in Teacher Education: interpreting and experiencing new professional roles     

David Blake  Vince Hanley  Mike Jennings  Michele Lloyd 《欧洲师范教育杂志》1996,19(1):19-34

In this paper we consider the effect of moves by the British Government to make initial teacher education (ITE) in England and Wales more school‐based (Blake, 1993). To monitor the impact of this shift towards school‐based training we conducted a fine grain study of what was happening on the ground within the one‐year Secondary School‐Based Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) at the Chichester Institute of Higher Education (ChIHE). * *At the time the research was conducted, the Institute's name was the West Sussex Institute of Higher Education, hence interviewees refer to ‘WSIHE’ and ‘West Sussex’. View all notes Data were gathered from questionnaire surveys and interviews. Findings from our regional case study indicate that while school‐based ITE programmes may offer student teachers greater insight into school life, this should not be at the expense of developing students’ analytical and theoretical understanding of education and schooling promoted within higher education‐based work.  相似文献   

'Lesson Rainbow': the use of multiple representations in an Internet-based, discipline-integrated science lesson     

Ying-Shao Hsu 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2006,37(4):539-557

This paper presents the development and evaluation of a web‐based lesson—Lesson Rainbow. This lesson features multiple representations (MRs), which purposefully deliver concepts in relation to distinctive disciplinary subject areas through story‐based animations that are closely related to learners’ life experiences. The researchers selected 58 2nd‐year junior high school students as the participants (32 males and 26 females). A quasi‐experimental method together with semi‐structured interviews was utilised. This research project was intended to investigate students’ conceptual progress, and to evaluate the use of MRs and of situated learning components in the design of Lesson Rainbow. The statistical results indicated that: (1) students’ science concepts significantly increased (t= 3.84, p < 0.01) through the use of Lesson Rainbow, and (2) students thought that the use of MRs in this web‐based lesson was an effective pedagogical tool inasmuch as it allows for the learning of specific theoretical viewpoints in addition to the necessary background information. Lesson Rainbow employing MRs helps learners to understand the meanings of, and interrelationships between, different kinds of external representations. This kind of design facilitates their understanding of the correspondence between abstract symbolic expressions and real‐world situations.  相似文献   

A Longitudinal Correlational Study of Students’ Performance in Supervised Industrial Work Experience and Classroom Instruction     

Titus Iloduba Eze 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(2):119-128

Scholars in technology education are of the view that there should be some relationship between supervised industrial work‐experience and classroom instruction in order that the theory learned at school would have relevance to practice at the work place, especially as supervised industrial work‐experience has become an important component of well‐planned technology education programmes.

This study was therefore designed to determine the nature and extent of the relationship between supervised industrial work‐experience and classroom instruction. A research sample of 64 (comprising of 30 mechanical, 20 electrical and 14 civil) engineering technology students were alternatively exposed for three years to classroom instruction and its consequent sessional examinations on the one hand and supervised industrial work‐experience and the consequent performance assessment process on the other. Performance scores‐‐in percentages‐‐were collected from the two research situations. Product moment correlation coefficients were computed for the pairs of performance scores; first all the students’ scores were analysed together and then they were analysed in each engineering specialty.

It was found that:

(1) generally there was no statistically significant relationship between the students’ performances in classroom instruction and supervised industrial work‐experience;

(2) additionally (a) statistically significant relationship did not exist between students’ performances during the different periods of supervised industrial work‐experience and (b) there was a statistically significant relationship between the students’ performances in the classroom‐instruction situation.

It was recommended that industries should participate in the preparation of curricula for technology education programmes; and should train students on projects that have educational value and practical utility while more industrial‐work‐related instructions should be provided in technology education programmes.  相似文献   

Changing pedagogic codes in a class of landscape architects learning ‘ecologically sustainable development’     

G.M. Lawson 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2010,31(2):199-216

Professional discourse in education has been the focus of research conducted mostly with teachers and professional practitioners, but the work of students in the built environment has largely been ignored. This article presents an analysis of students’ visual discourse in the final professional year of a landscape architecture course in Brisbane, Australia. The study has a multi‐method design and includes drawings, interviews and documentary materials, but focuses on the drawings in this paper. Using the theory of Bernstein, the analysis considers student representations as inter‐relations between professional identity and discretionary space for legitimate knowledge formation in landscape planning. It shows a shift in how students persuade the teacher of their expanding views of this field. The discussion of this shift centres on the professional knowledge that students choose rather than need to learn. It points to the differences within a class that a teacher must address in curriculum design in a contemporary professional course.  相似文献   

Troubling identities: teacher education students' constructions of class and ethnicity   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Andrea C. Allard  Ninetta Santoro 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2006,36(1):115-129

Working with diverse student populations productively depends on teachers and teacher educators recognizing and valuing difference. Too often, in teacher education programs, when markers of identity such as gender, ethnicity, ‘race’, or social class are examined, the focus is on developing student teachers' understandings of how these discourses shape learner identities and rarely on how these also shape teachers' identities. This article reports on a research project that explored how student teachers understand ethnicity and socio‐economic status. In a preliminary stage of the research, we asked eight Year 3 teacher education students who had attended mainly Anglo‐Australian, middle class schools as students and as student teachers, to explore their own ethnic and classed identities. The complexities of identity are foregrounded in both the assumptions we made in selecting particular students for the project and in the ways they constructed their own identities around ethnicity and social class. In this article we draw on these findings to interrogate how categories of identity are fluid, shifting and ongoing processes of negotiation, troubling and complex. We also consider the implications for teacher education.  相似文献   

Zafar,so good: middle‐class students,school habitus and secondary schooling in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina)     

Analía Inés Meo 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2011,32(3):349-367

This article examines how students from the ‘loser’ sections of the middle class dealt with the game of secondary schooling in a ‘good’ state school in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina). It engages with Bourdieu’s theory of social practice and, in particular, with its concepts of game, habitus and cultural capital. It argues that middle‐class students embody a school habitus, which I call zafar. Zafar (a Spanish slang word) refers to students’ dispositions, practices and strategies towards social and educational demands of teachers and their school. Zafar propels middle‐class students to be just ‘good enough’ students, and promote an instrumental approach to schooling and learning. Although this paper offers an account within which the reproduction of relative educational advantage of a group of middle‐class students takes place, it also poses questions about their future educational and occupational opportunities.  相似文献   

Assessing the self‐esteem of female undergraduate students: an issue of methodology     

Wendy M. Knightley  Denise M. Whitelock 《Educational studies》2007,33(2):217-231

For many students, embarking on higher education can pose particular threats and challenges, not only to academic identity, but also to fundamental, personal aspects of the self. This paper reports a methodological study that employed quantitative and qualitative research methods to explore the impact on the sense of self and self‐esteem of a group of female first‐year undergraduates. Results from a Self‐esteem inventory, a variation on Q Methodology, an Ideal‐self inventory and a semi‐structured interview revealed different but complementary aspects of the self and indicated that participants’ self‐esteem increased over the duration of the study, as recorded on all four measures. It is suggested that the most appropriate way of uncovering and understanding mediators of self‐esteem may be through a mixed‐method approach.  相似文献   

Investigating the Influence of Motivational Factors on Conceptual Change in a Digital Learning Context Using the Dual‐Situated Learning Model     

Chung‐Hsien Tseng  Chi‐Chin Chin 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(14):1853-1875

This study examines the relationship between the learning motivation and conceptual change of 127 eighth graders, after they have learned the acid, base, and salt concept in a digital learning context, designed according to the dual‐situated learning model (DSLM). Two instruments—the students’ motivation towards science learning (SMTSL) questionnaire and the acid‐base‐salt concept diagnostic test (CDT)—were used in the study. The questionnaire and the test were given to students in pre‐test, post‐test, and delayed post‐test. Based on their motivation questionnaire scores, 18 students were selected from various scoring ranges for semi‐structural interviews. Results showed that, after experiencing DSLM digital learning, students’ post‐CDT and delay‐CDT scores were significantly higher than pre‐CDT scores (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis indicated that students’ conceptual change (ΔCDT) was significantly correlated with motivational factors such as self‐efficacy (SE), active learning strategy (ALS), science learning value (SLV), achievement goal (AG), and learning environment stimulation (LES) (p < 0.05). Interviews also supported students’ motivational correlation to ΔCDT, particularly for SE, ALS, and AG.  相似文献   

Students’ assessment preferences and approaches to learning: can formative assessment make a difference?     

David Gijbels  Filip Dochy 《Educational studies》2006,32(4):399-409

The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the relationships between hands‐on experiences with formative assessment, students’ assessment preferences and their approaches to learning. The sample consisted of 108 university first‐year Bachelor’s students studying criminology. Data were obtained using the Revised two‐factor study process questionnaire (R‐SPQ‐2F) and the Assessment preferences inventory (API). The study shows that differences in assessment preferences are correlated with differences in approach to learning. Students’ preferences for assessment methods with higher‐order thinking tasks are significantly lower after actual experience with a formative assessment. Moreover, students also changed their approaches to learning after hands‐on experience with a formative mode of assessment. Surprisingly, this change evinced a more ‘surface approach’ to learning. Nevertheless, this is in line with other recent research findings. The paper ends with some possible explanations, and new directions for research are proposed.  相似文献   

Reading videogames as (authorless) literature     

Richard Berger  Julian McDougall 《Literacy》2013,47(3):142-149

This article presents the outcomes of research, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council in England and informed by work in the fields of new literacy research, gaming studies and the socio‐cultural framing of education, for which the videogame L. A. Noire was studied within the orthodox framing of the English literature curriculum at A level (pre‐university) and undergraduate (degree level) in the United Kingdom. A mixed methods approach was adopted. Firstly, students contributed to a gameplay blog requiring them to discuss their in‐game experience through the ‘language game’ of English literature, culminating in answering a question constructed with the idioms of the subject's set text ‘final examination’. Secondly, students taught their teachers to play L. A. Noire, with free choice over the context for this collaboration. Thirdly, participants returned to traditional roles to work through a set of study materials, designed to reproduce the conventions of the ‘study guide’ for literature education. Fourthly, interviews were conducted after each phase. The interviews informed a redrafting of the study materials, which are now available online for teachers. In the act of inserting the study of L. A. Noire into the English literature curriculum as currently framed, this research raises epistemological questions about ‘subject identity’, and the implications for digital transformations of texts for ideas about cultural value in schooled literacy and also the politics of ‘expertise’ in pedagogic relations.  相似文献   

Being ‘fun’ at work: emotional labour,class, gender and childcare     

Carol Vincent  Annette Braun 《British Educational Research Journal》2013,39(4):751-768

This paper reports on data drawn from an Economic and Social Research Council‐funded project investigating the experiences of UK‐based students training on level‐2 and level‐3 childcare courses. We focus on the concept of emotional labour in relation to learning to care for and educate young children and the ways in which the students’ experiences of emotional labour and the expectations placed upon their behaviour and attitudes are shaped by class and gender. We consider the ways in which students are encouraged to manage their own and the children's emotions and we identify a number of ‘feeling rules’ that demarcate the vocational habitus of care work with young children. We conclude by emphasising the importance of specific contexts of employment in order to understand workers’ emotional labour and argue for more recognition of the intense demands of emotional labour in early childhood education and care work.  相似文献   

Problem‐based learning in an eleventh grade chemistry class: ‘factors affecting cell potential’     

Leman Tarhan  Burçin Acar 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(3):351-369

The purpose of this research study was to examine the effectiveness of problem‐based learning (PBL) on eleventh grade students’ understanding of ‘The effects of temperature, concentration and pressure on cell potential’ and also their social skills. Stratified randomly selected control and experimental groups with 20 students each were used in this study. To determine their misunderstandings and misconceptions about closely related, previously covered subjects, such as oxidation‐reduction reactions and electrochemical cells, interviews were conducted. Following a preparatory lesson where remediation of misconceptions were undertaken, a pre‐test was given, and no significant difference was found between the two groups of students (p>0.05). Then, the same teacher taught factors that affect cell potential using a teacher‐centred traditional format to the control group, and a PBL format to the experimental group. Results from the post‐test of both groups (p<0.05) showed that PBL is effective on students’ achievement, remedying formation of misconceptions in a significant way. Interviews were also conducted with PBL students to determine their beliefs according to PBL activity. The findings according to interviews revealed that students in the PBL class were more motivated, self‐confident, willing to problem‐solve and share knowledge, and were more active in cooperative group activities than the traditionally‐taught students.  相似文献   

Researching High‐Achieving Students’ Appraisals of Classroom Motivation and Learning Using a Diary Technique     

Ng Chi‐hung 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2004,24(1):81-103

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Some ‘Spill‐over’ Effects of a Home‐based Reinforcement Programme in a Secondary School     

David J. Leach  Mitchell K. Byrne 《教育心理学》1986,6(3):265-276

Abstract A home‐based reinforcement (H‐BR) programme was carried out in a secondary school to increase rule‐following and work completed by two groups of disruptive students. Of particular interest was whether the positive effects of the programme on target students would ‘spill‐over’ to equally disruptive control students in the same classes. The results showed highly significant improvements in the work and behaviour of both sets of target students but positive ‘spill‐over’ effects on controls were only apparent in one of the classes. Possible explanations for this are discussed. It is concluded that the already considerable value of H‐BR programmes in secondary schools as minimal intervention techniques would be enhanced even more if ‘spill‐over’ effects on non‐targeted, classroom sub‐groups could be planned for, rather than hoped for.  相似文献   

The relationship between perceptions of pre‐menstrual syndrome and degree performance1     

Sarah L. Earl‐Novell  Donna C. Jessop 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2005,30(4):343-352

This paper explores whether female undergraduates’ self‐reported experiences of pre‐menstrual syndrome (PMS) were associated with degree performance, operationalized as degree class outcome, in a sample of ‘high achieving’ students (N?=?55). Students reported that PMS was disruptive to academic work (comprising lectures, seminars, writing essays, reading, examinations and interviews) but no association was found between degree performance and either the number of PMS symptoms reported or the reported disruption to each aspect of academic work.  相似文献   

Rethinking silence in the classroom: Chinese students’ experiences of sharing indigenous knowledge     

Yanqiu Rachel Zhou  Della Knoke  Izumi Sakamoto 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(3):287-311

Recent research has documented silence/reticence among East‐Asian international students, including Chinese students, in Western/English classrooms. Students’ communication competence and cultural differences from the mainstream Euro‐American society have been identified as two primary barriers to participation. Placing emphasis on individual characteristics of Chinese students, however, without considering aspects of the educational context with which those characteristics interact, may over‐simplify and distort the mechanism underlying their silence in the classroom. Based on a qualitative study of Chinese students’ experience of sharing indigenous knowledge in classroom settings of Canadian academic institutions, it is argued that the pursuit of diversity in the classroom may be compromised by classroom interactions, through which, for instance, the dynamics and quality of the knowledge exchange of students from different socio‐cultural backgrounds may be adversely affected. Within this conceptual framework, the concepts ‘silence’, ‘culture difference’ and ‘indigenous knowledge’ are re‐examined; the concepts ‘reciprocal cultural familiarity’ and ‘inclusive knowledge sharing’ are advocated.