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1.
Xiang HU Dominika SOBOTKA Krzysztof CZERWIONKA Qi ZHOU Li XIE Jacek MAKINIA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,(4)
目的:考察两种不同性质的外加碳源(乙酸钠和乙醇)在三种不同的电子受体(溶解氧、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐)条件下对聚磷菌和异养菌的影响机制。创新点:系统研究了乙酸钠和乙醇这两种外加碳源在溶解氧、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐三种不同电子受体条件下的释磷、吸磷及反硝化过程。方法:利用具有脱氮除磷功能的活性污泥,开展了一系列一阶段批次试验和两阶段批次试验。一阶段批次试验包括厌氧释磷试验、好氧吸磷试验、硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐利用速率(NUR)试验。两阶段批次试验包括厌氧/好氧试验、厌氧/缺氧试验。通过改变外加碳源的投加条件,如投加类型(乙酸钠和乙醇)、投加环境(厌氧、好氧和缺氧)、缺氧区电子受体(硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐),考察两种不同类型的外加碳源在不同电子受体条件下对除磷和脱氮过程的影响。结论:(1)当乙酸钠作为外加碳源时,在溶解氧、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐三种不同电子受体条件下均发生了释磷,释磷速率分别为1.70、7.80和3.50 mg P/(g MLVSS·h)。当乙醇作为外加碳源时,三种电子受体条件下均未发现有释磷。(2)无论乙酸钠还是乙醇作为外加碳源,未经驯化的活性污泥聚磷菌均不能利用亚硝酸盐作为电子受体,25 mg NO2-N/L的亚硝酸盐完全抑制了吸磷过程的进行。(3)以硝酸盐作为电子受体时,乙酸钠和乙醇的NUR值分别为2.3和1.5 mg N/(g MLVSS·h),比亚硝酸盐作电子受体的NUR值(分别为1.2和1.0 mg N/(g MLVSS·h))分别高出92%和50%。乙酸钠作为碳源的NUR值总是比相同条件下以乙醇作为碳源的NUR值高。 相似文献
2.
为了提高氧化沟脱氮除磷的效果,提出了改良型氧化沟工艺,并且进行了碳源投加量对除磷脱氮的影响的试验验证.首先,给出了合肥市某污水处理厂的工程概况,并且提出了试验材料与方法.其次,分析了改良型氧化沟工艺在该污水处理厂运行效果,试验表明：（1）碳源投加量越大,释磷量越大;（2）在厌氧时污泥释磷越充分,曝气时吸磷量越大,在曝气180min后,80mg/L碳源污泥吸磷量明显小于160mg/L碳源污泥吸磷量;（3）在180min,C：N=5：1时,其硝酸盐含量和亚硝酸盐含量均小于C：N=3：1时的含量,碳源越充足,硝化反硝化效果越好,最终TN含量越小. 相似文献
3.
王诣婧 《福建工程学院学报》2016,(3):249-254
脱氮硫杆菌作为自养反硝化菌的代表菌种,由于其不同于常规废水脱氮的异养反硝化过程可节省碳源而得到关注。文章介绍脱氮硫杆菌的反硝化功能基因和主要的硫氧化功能基因,分析自养反硝化菌的群落分布特征,对目前脱氮硫杆菌的检测方法和应用现状进行综述,讨论目前研究中存在的问题及今后的研究趋势,以期为进一步研究自养反硝化菌群落结构提供参考。 相似文献
4.
《福建工程学院学报》2016,(3)
脱氮硫杆菌作为自养反硝化菌的代表菌种,由于其不同于常规废水脱氮的异养反硝化过程可节省碳源而得到关注。文章介绍脱氮硫杆菌的反硝化功能基因和主要的硫氧化功能基因,分析自养反硝化菌的群落分布特征,对目前脱氮硫杆菌的检测方法和应用现状进行综述,讨论目前研究中存在的问题及今后的研究趋势,以期为进一步研究自养反硝化菌群落结构提供参考。 相似文献
5.
AK新型短程反硝化除磷脱氮工艺的反硝化除磷段活性污泥中分离到几株以亚硝酸盐为电子受体的反硝化除磷菌,并优选出代表菌株F10,通过菌落形态、生理生化特性、细胞培养特征以及16SrDNA序列同源性分析,鉴定为鞘氨醇杆菌属（Sphingobacterium）。通过间歇培养实验考察该菌的关键生长影响因子,表明亚硝酸盐浓度为15mg／L、pH值7．0左右、温度30℃的条件下该菌可以获得最佳生长。 相似文献
6.
7.
对培养嗜高浓度甲醛废水的活性污泥的净化性能进行了研究,研究中采用序批式活性污泥法（SBR）及脱氮除磷工艺（A2/O工艺）．考察了停留时间、溶解氧多少、进水的pH值和水温等对微生物净化高浓度甲醛废水的影响。实验结果表明,进水的pH值在7～9范围内,水温在10～30℃,停留时间控制在48小时,并根据进水浓度的变化选择合适的溶解氧,获得的活性污泥的净化性能最佳。 相似文献
8.
焦化废水脱氮技术有物理化学法、生物化学法等.生物化学法是较为经济、实效、无污染转移、操作简便易掌握的典型工艺技术.生物脱氮是利用微生物的生物化学作用,将废水中的氨氮经硝化和反硝化反应,转变成为无害的氮气而除去.目前,国内焦化废水处理采用的生物化学脱氮工艺的主要流程有“缺氧一好氧(A—O)”法,以及在此工艺基础上开发的“厌氧-缺氧-好氧(A—A—O)”法.此外,“缺氧-好氧-好氧(A—O—O)”法也是“A-O”工艺的延伸,同属于以“缺氧-好氧”为基本流程的生物脱氮工艺. 相似文献
9.
焦化废水脱氮技术有物理化学法、生物化学法等.生物化学法是较为经济、实效、无污染转移、操作简便易掌握的典型工艺技术.生物脱氮是利用微生物的生物化学作用,将废水中的氨氮经硝化和反硝化反应,转变成为无害的氮气而除去.目前,国内焦化废水处理采用的生物化学脱氮工艺的主要流程有“缺氧—好氧(A—O)”法,以及在此工艺基础上开发的“厌氧—缺氧—好氧(A—A—O)”法.此外,“缺氧—好氧—好氧(A—O—O)”法也是“A—O”工艺的延伸,同属于以“缺氧-好氧”为基本流程的生物脱氮工艺. 相似文献
10.
AAO工艺出水pH值偏酸问题分析及对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
某污水处理厂AAO工艺出水存在着pH值偏低的问题。通过对比历史数据和缺氧反硝化试验,研究了以进厂污水作为碳源的反硝化脱氮的能力及碳氮比对脱氮的影响,并通过碱度平衡核算,分析了硝化和反硝化段的情况,查找出了出水碱度不足pH偏酸的原因,提出了快捷、行之有效的控制方案。 相似文献
11.
We evaluated several different pre-oxidation treatments, namely the introduction of either potassium permanganate （KMnO4）, chlorine （Cl2）, or both to remove manganese （Mn） from the Qiantang River source water. Our results showed that Mn removal percentages were 12.7%, 71.0%, 17.4% and 58.7% when none of the oxidants, KMnO4 only, Cl2 only, or both oxidants were added, respectively. Furthermore, a field study showed that when the available Mn concentration in the source water was 0.14 mg/L, it could be reduced to less than 0.05 mg/L when a solution of KMnO4 （0.47 mg/L） was added as the oxidant. 相似文献
12.
Mechanisms of phosphate removal from aqueous solution by blast furnace slag and steel furnace slag 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We report the adsorption of phosphate and discuss the mechanisms of phosphate removal from aqueous solution by burst furnace slag （BFS） and steel furnace slag （SFS）. The results show that the adsorption of phosphate on the slag was rapid and the majority of adsorption was completed in 5-10 min. The adsorption capacity of phosphate by the slag was reduced dramatically by acid treatment. The relative contribution of adsorption to the total removal of phosphate was 26%-28%. Phosphate adsorption on BFS and SFS follows the Freundlich isotherm, with the related constants of k 6.372 and 1/n 1.739 for BFS, and of k 1.705 and 1/n 1.718 for SFS. The pH and Ca^2＋ concentration were decreased with the addition of phosphate, suggesting the formation of calcium phosphate precipitation. At pH 2.93 and 6.93, phosphate was desorbed by about 36%-43% and 9%-11%, respectively. These results indicate that the P adsorption on the slag is not completely reversible and that the bond between the slag particles and adsorbed phosphate is strong. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns of BFS and SFS before and after phosphate adsorption verify the formation of phosphate salts （CaHPO4·2H2O） after adsorption process. We conclude that the removal of phosphate by BFS and SFS is related to the formation of phosphate calcium precipitation and the adsorption on hydroxylated oxides. The results show that BFS and SFS removed phosphate nearly 100%, indicating they are promising adsorbents for the phosphate removal in wastewater treatment and pollution control. 相似文献
13.
The activated sludge process (ASP) is the most generally applied biological wastewater treatment method. The ASP for the removal of organic carbon and nitrogen can be looked as the combination of eight processes. In order to set up an ASP model, the stoichiometric coefficients should be deduced so that the stoichiometric matrix can be presented. The important assumptions and simplifications behind the model for ASP are enumerated. Using the matrix, mass balance equation and consistent units, the stoichiometric coefficients in the eight processes are exclusively deduced one by one. 相似文献
14.
黄本生 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(1)
1. Introduction The Three Gorges Region in the Yangtze River Watershed is one of the most famous tourism spots in the world due to its unique and magnificent scenery. It is along the procession of hills dominating the Yangtze River for more than 200 km. The Three Gorges Region comprises many valleys in the western Chongqing and adjoining Hubei and Hunan provinces. The total area of the region is 1 010 936 km2 with mountains occupying 78 % of the land area, hills 18.2 %, and flatlands 3.8… 相似文献
15.
The simultaneous removal of ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene with relatively low or high initial concentration is studied using a laboratory scale gliding arc gas discharge （GA） reactor. Good decomposition efficiencies are obtained which proves that the GA is effective for the treatment of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） with either low or high concentration. A theoretical decomposition mechanism is proposed based on detection of the species in the plasma region and analysis of the decomposition by-products. This preliminary investigation reveals that the GA has potential to be applied to the treatment of exhaust air during color printing and coating works, by either direct removal or combination with activated carbon adsorption/desorption process. 相似文献
16.
王骁力 《南阳师范学院学报》2007,6(3):1-4
讨论关于单体型的无间隙的最小单核苷酸多态性位点的移去问题.通过分析其对应图模型的性质讨论问题等价形式;证明求解该问题等价于求对应图的最大独立集与独立数;给出求最大独立集与独立数的算法,从而得到此问题的有效的多项式时间算法. 相似文献
17.
Zhi Huang Zhao-bo Chen Nan-qi Ren Dong-xue Hu Dong-huan Zheng Zhen-peng Zhang 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(11):1642-1650
To improve the working and living environment of submarine crews, an integrated system of CO2 removal and O2 regeneration was designed to work under experimental conditions for 50 people in a submarine cabin during prolonged voyages. The integrated system comprises a solid amine water desorption （SAWD） unit for CO2 collection and concentration, a Sabatier reactor for CO2 reduction and a solid polymer electrolyte （SPE） unit for O2 regeneration by electrolysis. The performances of the SAWD-Sabatier-SPE integrated system were investigated. The experimental results from the SAWD unit showed that the average CO2 concentration in the CO2 storage tank was more than 96% and the outlet CO2 concentration was nearly zero in the first 45 min, and less than 1/10 of inlet CO2 after 60 min when input CO2 was 0.5% （1000 L）. About 950 L of CO2 was recovered with a recovery rate of 92%-97%. The output CO2 concentration was less than 0.2%, which showed that the adsorption-desorption performance of this unit was excellent. In the CO2 reduction unit we investigated mainly the start-up and reaction performance of the Sabatier reactor. The start-up time of the Sabatier reactor was 6, 8 and 10 rain when the start-up temperature was 187.3, 179.5 and 168 ℃, respectively. The product water was colorless, transparent, and had a pH of 6.9-7.5, and an electrical conductivity of 80μs/cm. The sum of the concentration of metal ions （Ru^3＋, Al^3＋, Pb^2＋） was 0.028% and that of nonmetal ions （Cl^-, SO4^2-） was 0.05%. In the O2 regeneration unit, the O2 generation rate was 0.48 m^3/d and the quantity was 2400 L, sufficient to meet the submariners＇ basic oxygen demands. These results may be useful as a basis for establishing CO2-1evel limits and O2 regeneration systems in submarines or similar enclosed compartments during prolonged voyages. 相似文献
18.
Qing WEN Ying WU Li-xin ZHAO Qian SUN Fan-ying KONG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2010,11(2):87-93
A sequential anode-cathode double-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC), in which the effluent of anode chamber was used as a continuous feed for an aerated cathode chamber, was constructed in this experiment to investigate the performance of brewery wastewater treatment in conjugation with electricity generation. Carbon fiber was used as anode and plain carbon felt with biofilm as cathode. When hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 14.7 h, a relatively high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 91.7%–95.7% was achieved under long-term stable operation. The MFC displayed an open circuit voltage of 0.434 V and a maximum power density of 830 mW/m3 at an external resistance of 300 ?. To estimate the electrochemical performance of the MFC, electrochemical measurements were carried out and showed that polarization resistance of anode was the major limiting factor in the MFC. Since a high COD removal efficiency was achieved, we conclude that the sequential anode-cathode MFC constructed with bio-cathode in this experiment could provide a new approach for brewery wastewater treatment. 相似文献
19.
The concept of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is presently of great interest. The functional bacteria belonging to
the Planctomycete phylum and their metabolism are investigated by microbiologists. Meanwhile, the ANAMMOX is equally valuable
in treatment of ammonium-rich wastewaters. Related processes including partial nitritation-ANAMMOX and completely autotrophic
nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) have been developed, and lab-scale experiments proved that both processes were quite
feasible in engineering with appropriate control. Successful full-scale practice in the Netherlands will accelerate application
of the process in future. This review introduces the microbiology and more focuses on application of the ANAMMOX process.
Project supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA06Z332), and the Science
and Technology Foundation for Key Project of Zhejiang Province (No. 2003C13005), China 相似文献
20.
Lei ZHANG Ping ZHENG Chongojian TANG Ren-cun JIN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(5)
The concept of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is presently of great interest.The functional bacteria belonging to the Planctomycete phylum and their metabolism are investigated by microbiologists.Meanwhile,the ANAMMOX is equally valuable in treatment of ammonium-rich wastewaters.Related processes including partial nitritation-ANAMMOX and completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) have been developed,and lab-scale experiments proved that both processes were quite feasible in engineering with appropriate control.Successful full-scale practice in the Netherlands will ac-celerate application of the process in future.This review introduces the microbiology and more focuses on application of the ANAMMOX process. 相似文献