共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This investigation focuses on Chinese doctoral students’ career expectations, and examines how the students’ career expectations changed over time under the influence of doctoral training based on survey data of 1467 doctoral students from 8 Chinese universities. Doctoral students’ evaluations of doctoral training were identified. The examination indicates that more than half of doctoral students expect a non-academic profession, and more than 70% of students did not alter their professional expectations radically over time. Logistic regression model results indicate that doctoral students’ career expectations and their changes over time were influenced by doctoral training in their university environment, students’ relationships with supervisors, and students’ experiences of collaboration with non-academic organizations. Doctoral students are dissatisfied with doctoral training that does not encourage and prepare them for diverse career paths. We conclude that in the present environment, the goal of doctoral training should not only be the reproduction of “academic successors” but also be the cultivation of “versatile experts.” 相似文献
2.
Myra C. Y. Lee Mary McMahon Mark Watson 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2018,18(3):257-277
Research regarding the support of career decision-making for international Chinese doctoral research students has been scarce and has assumed the homogeneity of international students. Offering insights to career practitioners, this article investigates the support for career decision-making experienced by international Chinese doctoral research students based in Australia from pre-sojourn up to their preparation for graduation. Arising from a thematic analysis of interviews with ten PhD students across three Australian universities, the findings reveal a desire for learning and career advancement that transcends national borders, underpinned by support that reinforces self-reliance and the formation of virtual and real-life social networks. 相似文献
3.
Professorship has traditionally been the single most valued career path for graduates of PhD programs. Policies now encourage
graduate students to directly or indirectly engage with non-academic organizations to encourage the next generation of researchers
to explore alternative careers, including opportunities in industry and government. In this article, we use data from a survey
of Quebec science and engineering graduate students to examine the impact of their participation in university-industry-government
research partnerships on their professional preferences. We assess the degree to which exposure to non-academic realities
through different training arrangements relates to career preferences, and how these preferences evolve over time. We show
that the proportion of students who did not change their preferred career path over time is high, indicating that by the time
students engage in a research-training program they already, for the most part, know what career they want to pursue. However,
and although students with close ties to non-academic partners may initially be more interested in non-academic career paths,
over time all categories of students become more attracted to academic careers. We conclude that faculty positions continue
to dominate the professional dreams of fledgling researchers, a power of attraction that increases as students advance in
their program, even when it involves industrial contacts. 相似文献
4.
Christopher J. Pole Annemarie Sprokkereef Robert G. Burgess Emma Lakin 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1997,22(1):49-63
Within the natural sciences and engineering, literature relating to postgraduate education, in particular the process of completing a doctorate, remains generally scarce. That which does exist emphasises the role of the supervisor in effecting successful completion and points to a wide range of activities performed by supervisors. There remains, however, little by way of accounts of the actual experiences of supervisors or students when engaged in the process of doctoral supervision. It is these experiences which form the basis of this paper which focuses upon doctoral students and their supervisors in the disciplines of physics, mathematics and engineering science. Data for the paper have been collected, as part of an ESRC funded project, by means of in‐depth interviews with students and supervisors in nine universities in England. In particular, we address students expectations of PhD supervision, the extent to which expectations have been met, and within the context of the ‘career’ of the PhD, the ways in which supervision changes as the doctoral process progresses. Important issues relating to the need for training for PhD supervisors and their capacity to meet the expectations of their students are raised, together with those which question the relationship between the PhD and the culture of academic work. 相似文献
5.
6.
《Studying Teacher Education》2013,9(3):260-277
ABSTRACTFaculty members are important agents in the socialization of doctoral students into academia, but little training is available in preparation for the role of doctoral supervisor. In this self-study, we consider the personal and sociopolitical challenges that Kevin faced as an early career teacher education faculty member who had just begun supervising doctoral students. Data sources included Kevin’s reflective journal and regular debriefing discussions between Kevin and his critical friend, Tim. Data were analyzed with a focus on identifying turning points in Kevin’s understanding of his practice. This resulted in the construction of three themes related to (a) subjective theories drive doctoral education, (b) working through insecurities and the imposter syndrome, and (c) the sociopolitics of higher education. Results are discussed with reference to the self-study literature and socialization into higher education faculty roles. Recommendations are provided for the preparation of faculty member to fill roles as doctoral supervisors. 相似文献
7.
导师是博士生培养的关键。在与高等教育发达国家比较视野下,从博士生体验和评价视角探析当前我国博士生导师对博士生指导现状及相对水平,可为优化研究生导师指导行为提供支持。经选取Nature调查中代表性发达国家对比发现,我国博士生对导师总体满意,但对导师指导分项满意度还有较大提升空间。具体到导师指导行为上,我国博士生对出版发表、合作机会、资金支持的满意度略高于或接近于发达国家,但在导师学术指导频次,给予心理支持和职业发展指导方面与发达国家存在一定差距,尤其是对导师给予其学术指导,提供参加学术会议、会议报告机会等培养支持满意度处于对比8国的较低水平。基于数据分析和讨论,建议导师遴选应加强对导师指导能力和指导质量的考察,高校对导师的岗位要求和岗位评价等应细化导师指导行为,多渠道为博士生开展同行学术交流创造条件。 相似文献
8.
Tarae Terry 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(3):187-212
Doctoral students leave their programs early due to lack of mentoring relationships needed to support degree completion and success. However, how mentoring contributes to Ed.D degree completion is not widely studied. In this qualitative narrative study, we sought to explore how multiple mentoring relationships reduced attrition in an Ed.D program. Study participants shared their experiences with mentors across their life domains (academic, personal, and professional) to seek support needed to promote progression and or completion of the program. Each mentoring relationship served a specific purpose. For instance, family members and friends supported participants with home duties, childcare, encouragement, and praise during their doctoral journey. Supervisors supported the participant’s success both academically and professionally. Fellow doctoral students enhanced the learning experience by sharing different perspectives and providing academic and career advice/strategies. Faculty mentoring support was critical to the academic and dissertation process as well as to scholarly development. 相似文献
9.
当前,为了更好地促进博士研究生创新精神和创新能力的培养,不断提高博士研究生的培养质量,我们需要不断深化教育改革,而正确认识博士研究生培养尤其是课程改革是其前提。对此,我们需要从以下几方面进行反思:第一,博士研究生按一级学科管理与培养是两个不同范畴,不能简单将两者等同化,即以管理思维来化约培养过程中的复杂性与多样性;第二,无论是就历史还是就现实而言,博士研究生教育的关键环节不是课程而是科研训练,为博士研究生教育提供共同的知识基础是本科、硕士阶段教育的责任,博士研究生的培养与课程设计的权力应在基层培养单位而不是行政部门;第三,虽然在不同时期,实质性功用和形式性功用使探究性、个性化的研究生课程教学成为研究生培养过程之一,但当前我国博士研究生培养的问题应在于培养目标的厘清,而非课程建设。为此,哥伦比亚大学教师学院的相关做法或许值得我们借鉴。 相似文献
10.
Increased doctoral student numbers has led to a growth in studies dedicated to doctoral experience. These studies have raised a range of mental health concerns around workload, supervision processes and student well-being. Despite these challenges being well documented, few studies have looked at doctoral student’s experiences of accessing non-academic support services. This article presents the findings of a mixed-method study to investigate doctoral experiences of non-academic support, conducted at one British university with a large postgraduate research population. Drawing on focus groups and a student survey, the article concludes that many doctoral students are not accessing institutional support when they could benefit from it, with many turning to external support mechanisms including family, personal doctor and online resources. Five institutional recommendations are proposed to develop improved dedicated doctoral student mental health support: clear signposting, online self-help, workshops, parity of support and supervisor training. 相似文献
11.
In the current context of doctoral education students are required to develop a range of complex academic literacy skills to accomplish optimal performance in their academic communities of practice. This has led to increase the interest in research on doctoral writing. However, research on how supervisors contribute to doctoral writing has not been extensive. The purpose of this study is to analyze the supervisors’ perspectives on doctoral writing by addressing three questions: a) What role do supervisors attribute to writing in doctoral training? b) What type of writing support do supervisors intend to provide to their students? and c) What are the relations between the role supervisors attribute to writing and the type of writing support supervisors offer to their students? Participants were 61 supervisors in the social sciences and humanities with diverse levels of expertise. Using a cross-sectional interpretative design, we collected qualitative data using an open-ended survey. Categories based on content analysis were established (Miles and Huberman 1994). The results demonstrated that supervisors attributed different roles to doctoral writing, ranging from process- to product-oriented and focusing on 1) producing appropriate academic texts, 2) generating epistemic activity, and 3) promoting communication and socialization. A significant number of supervisors did not attribute any role to writing but acknowledged writing as an important and neglected activity. Three categories of writing support were identified based on the type of activities supervisors reported and their involvement: 1) telling the students what to do, 2) reviewing and editing students’ texts, and 3) collaboratively discussing students’ texts. The results suggest that there are complex relations between the role that supervisors’ attribute to writing and the type of writing support supervisors are able to offer. The relations appear to be mediated by supervisors’ awareness and resources concerning doctoral writing. 相似文献
12.
在新一轮高考改革的驱动下,高中生涯教育破土而出。基于PDCA循环的全面质量管理理论,研究对上海市8所高中展开调查,呈现高中生涯教育支持系统的静态要素结构,并采用结构方程模型监测管理环节的动态运行样态。研究发现,学校生涯教育支持系统整体性功能不足,资源投入总量偏低,重视校内资源运用而缺乏校外资源支持,对学生的社会职业认知指导和生涯设计能力培养不足,学生生涯规划能力处于中等水平。在支持系统的影响路径方面,系统资源是获取支持策略的物质前提,且对外部支持策略的实施更为必要;学校内外部支持策略在资源投入与过程控制之间发挥着“链式”作用;加强过程控制有助于提高学生生涯规划能力。基于此,研究建议重视系统规划和宏观设计,完善生涯教育质量标准体系;凝成校内外综合治理合力,加快打造完整生涯教育支持系统链;处理好全面控制与重点控制的关系,实现生涯教育质量动态监测;建立生涯教育支持系统内部的协同保障体系,促进生涯教育支持系统的持续改进。 相似文献
13.
ABSTRACTIn preparing the future stewards of the physical education profession, the occupational socialization and professional development of physical education doctoral students is important to consider. To date, there has been scant scholarly inquiry into doctoral education in physical education. However, there is an abundance of research related to doctoral training in the higher education literature more generally. Drawing upon this larger body of work, this article expands occupational socialization theory to address the socialization of physical education doctoral students and faculty members. The case is made that effective doctoral training in physical education is essential to securing the future of the profession. Provided is an overview of the existing literature, presentation of an adaptation to occupational socialization theory that explains doctoral physical education socialization, and a discussion of key professional development issues that academic leaders and student support personnel should consider. Implications and recommendations for doctoral physical education leadership and academic programs are provided. 相似文献
14.
在"以学生为中心"的理念下,基于2019年Nature全球博士生调查数据,文章探讨了全球博士生师生关系满意度现状,并运用多元线性回归方法分析了其影响因素。研究结论如下。第一,总体上,全球博士生师生关系满意度水平良好,但中国博士生师生关系满意度水平低于全球平均水平。第二,博士生的个体特征对其满意度的影响显著,男性、在本国学习以及独立程度高的博士生满意度更高。第三,导师的学术指导、培养条件支持及情感支持均对博士生满意度的影响显著;导师提供的学术指导越多、学术能力支持越大、科研控制支持越大、心理健康支持越大、越认同学生的研究,则博士生对师生关系就越满意。第四,导师认可是影响博士生师生关系满意度最为重要的因素。 相似文献
15.
Laura Lunsford 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(2):251-270
This study investigated the extent to which doctoral advisors provided mentoring to their students and if mentor support influenced doctoral student outcomes. Survey results from 477 respondents, across disciplines at two universities, indicated that most students believed mentoring was important and over half of them received mentoring support from their advisor. Regression results showed advisor mentoring was related to student outcomes, but the pattern varied by type of mentoring (psychosocial or career), student outcome (satisfaction, number of presentations, and number of publications), and discipline. Implications for practice and future research are discussed. 相似文献
16.
教育的内涵式发展是国家和社会发展的重大战略需求,高质量的博士培养是实现内涵式发展的重要手段。文章从个体隐性知识增长过程的角度,明确博士生高质量发展中关键培养环节,综合以上内容构建博士生培养系统,同时根据系统动力学反馈机制,考察博士生培养环节对隐性知识增长过程每个阶段的作用,并在此基础上探索博士生隐性知识增长过程中关键培养环节的具体实施方案,以期顺利实现博士生教育内涵式发展。 相似文献
17.
Patrick Alexander Susan Harris-Huemmert Lynn McAlpine 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(3):162-173
In this paper, we explore the usefulness of three different approaches to facilitating reflexivity and a critical awareness of emerging academic identities for doctoral students. This paper stems from a longitudinal research project entitled The Next Generation of Social Scientists, which was conducted across three research-intensive British universities and based at the University of Oxford. The research examined how doctoral students in a range of social science disciplines develop (or do not develop) notions of ‘academic’ identity as they move along the doctoral trajectory and into academic positions. In what follows we describe how three different data collection tools – weekly logs, interviews and a card-sorting activity – were used to encourage doctoral students to consider the process of constructing academic identities more actively and self-reflectively. We then consider how the use of these tools at two workshops further revealed how they can be utilised by academic developers to explore the needs of doctoral students and improve the support in place for this student group. 相似文献
18.
In this article, we analyse the organisation of the doctorate in communication sciences in the context of the overall discussion on the changing organisation of doctoral studies in Switzerland. We focus on three tensions which appear central for the field, namely the employment status of doctoral students, the importance of academic vs. professional training and, finally, the organisation of doctoral studies and the possibilities and difficulties in the introduction of a graduate school model. Our results show that in this field the doctorate has to be considered more as an orientation period, where professional and academic training coexist and where there is an extremely high diversity of objectives, activities and organisation forms, both between universities and individual students. This model is surprisingly well adapted to the situation of a field characterised by high internal diversity, rather low research intensity and strong orientation to application. Reforms like the introduction of graduate schools or the reinforcement of academic training have thus to be implemented with some care. 相似文献
19.
Female university graduates tend to have less career success than their male counterparts. Career optimism is considered a crucial predictor of future career success, but little is known about predictors of career optimism. Based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), we hypothesised that both perceived lecturer support and perceived career barriers impact career optimism via students’ self‐efficacy, and differentiated the model along gender lines using a subgroup path analysis. Two hundred and thirty‐two undergraduate psychology students from German universities answered an online questionnaire. Results revealed that the expected indirect effect of perceived lecturer support and perceived career barriers on career optimism via self‐efficacy was only identifiable in women. For men, we found a direct connection between perceived lecturer support and career optimism, as well as that an increase in perceived career barriers reduced males’ self‐efficacy. We were unable to identify any sex differences in career optimism. 相似文献
20.
In this paper we focus on individual coaching carried out by an external coach as a new pedagogical element that can impact doctoral students’ sense of progress in doctoral education. The study used a mixed-methods approach in that we draw on quantitative and qualitative data from the evaluation of a project on coaching doctoral students. We explore how coaching can contribute to the doctoral students’ development of a broad set of personal competences and suggest that coaching could work as a means to engender self-management and improve relational competences. The analysis of the participants’ self-reported gains from coaching show that doctoral students experience coaching as an effective method to support the doctoral study process. This study also provides preliminary empirical evidence that coaching of doctoral students can facilitate the doctoral study process so that the doctoral students experience an enhanced feeling of progress and that they can change their study behaviour in a positive direction. The study discusses the difference between coaching and supervision, for instance power imbalances and contrary to earlier research into coaching of doctoral students this study indicates that coaching can impact the supervisor–student relationship in a positive way. 相似文献