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1.
Interest in career development and career counseling is growing in Korea. Nevertheless, neither the research nor the literature adequately address the question as to what applications can be cross-culturally transferred from career counseling centers in the United States to Korea. This study qualitatively examines the practice of career counseling in seven university career counseling centers in the United States in a search for concepts and methods that may be cross-culturally applied to Korean universities. Nine categories of data emerged in our qualitative analysis of information gathered: (a) types of systems; (b) staff; (c) services provided; (d) career assessments; (e) alumni networks; (f) workshops and outreach; (g) publicity; (h) information technology; and (i) facilities. Applications and ideas for the Korean context, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

2.
The purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine the effects of personal factors and contextual determinants on the career maturity change of Korean adolescents over a 5-year period. This study used data from the Korea Youth Panel Survey which was administered to 3,449 junior high students from Grades 8 to 12, starting in 2003. A linear mixed-effects regression was used to test the study model. The results showed the levels of Korean adolescents?? career maturity were significantly influenced by personal predictors (gender, work values, career efficacy, self-efficacy, career development activities, school achievement, sex-role stereotyping, pressure for academic achievement, and part-time experiences) and contextual predictors (career conversations with parents, relationships with friends, and private education expense). Among career-related variables, only work values affected the slope of the career maturity growth curve. Implications for career counselors and educators are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
This study examines how teachers’ collective efficacy (TCE), job stress, and the cultural dimension of collectivism are associated with job satisfaction for 500 teachers from Canada, Korea (South Korea or Republic of Korea), and the United States. Multigroup path analysis revealed that TCE predicted job satisfaction across settings. Job stress was negatively related to job satisfaction for North American teachers (i.e., teachers from Canada and the United States), whereas the cultural dimension of collectivism was significantly related to job satisfaction for the Korean, but not for North American teachers. For motivation theorists, the results from this study provide evidence that cultural context influences how motivation beliefs are understood and expressed in diverse settings. For educators, this study underlines the importance of collective motivation as a source of individual job satisfaction.  相似文献   

4.
Adults implicitly judge people from certain social backgrounds as more “American” than others. This study tests the development of children's reasoning about nationality and social categories. Children across cultures (White and Korean American children in the United States, Korean children in South Korea) judged the nationality of individuals varying in race and language. Across cultures, 5‐ to 6‐year‐old children (N = 100) categorized English speakers as “American” and Korean speakers as “Korean” regardless of race, suggesting that young children prioritize language over race when thinking about nationality. Nine‐ and 10‐year‐olds (N = 181) attended to language and race and their nationality judgments varied across cultures. These results suggest that associations between nationality and social category membership emerge early in life and are shaped by cultural context.  相似文献   

5.
20世纪70年代,美国为了摆脱越南战争的泥潭以及由此带来的与苏联对抗中处于下风的不利局面,开始全球性战略收缩。在东北亚地区,美国抛出了旨在减轻美国对日、韩战略负担的交叉承认方案,其核心是谋求在朝鲜半岛制造南北朝鲜被由美日韩构成的＂南三角＂和由中朝苏组成的＂北三角＂分别承认的局面。交叉承认的本质是在冷战时代背景下的国家集团间外交。依据国际形势的发展变化以及各当事国对朝韩两国态度的变化,交叉承认问题的变迁分为南北三角对峙、＂北三角＂分化和后交叉承认三个时期。交叉承认未能实现其初衷的根本原因在于美国的全球战略及其在东北亚地区的战略利益。目前,随着朝核问题由于美国和朝鲜在朝鲜先弃核还是美国先同朝鲜实现关系正常化这一问题上僵持不下,重提交叉承认以促使美国承认朝鲜、给予朝鲜安全感未尝不是解决朝鲜半岛问题的一个选项。  相似文献   

6.
在朝鲜导弹战力日益增强的背景下,为了达到制衡朝鲜的目的,韩国向美国提出了修改《韩美导弹协定》延长导弹射程的要求,并得到了美国的同意。韩国导弹射程的延长打破了东北亚地区导弹领域的相对均势,增加了该地区国家间不信任与猜疑,使东北亚局势更加不稳。本文将围绕2012年韩美修改《韩美导弹协定》的背景及其过程进行分析,并探讨修改《导弹协定》提高韩国导弹射程的意图及影响。  相似文献   

7.
中美关系实现和解是双方走出外交困境的需要,同时也为朝鲜问题以和平方式得到解决提供了一个机会。中国政府在与美方进行外交谈判的过程中,注意关照朝鲜的利益和要求,并承诺帮助朝鲜实现其和平统一的愿望。经过中国的外交协商及各方努力,很快解决了撤销联合国韩国统一复兴委员会的问题。在解决朝鲜问题中,中方采取了现实主义的态度,而朝方则显得急于求成。主要是因为朝韩关系转向紧张状态,美国撤军问题迟迟无法得到解决,不过,借助中美关系缓和的东风,朝鲜的国际地位和安全环境得到很大改善。在此期间,中朝关系始终保持友好并有所发展,总体来讲,中国还是尽力帮助了朝鲜,尽管平壤对此并不满足。  相似文献   

8.
This study examined cross‐cultural differences in depression expression and help‐seeking behavior among college students in the United States and Korea. Results indicated that the Korean students showed more somatization tendency, negative affect, and negative help‐seeking behavior. Negative help‐seeking behavior of Korean students was shown to relate to somatization. Counseling implications are discussed.  相似文献   

9.
In this era of globalization, cross-cultural comparison studies could help counselor training programs enhance educational opportunities that are informative, supportive, and culturally responsive to students. Counselors-in-training in both the United States and South Korea were sampled in this study assessing self-esteem (individual and collective) and counselor activity self-efficacy (CA self-efficacy). Results indicated that American students endorsed higher levels of collective self-esteem and CA self-efficacy compared to Korean students. Age was positively correlated with CA self-efficacy in both the American and Korean samples. Additionally, the variable of supervision hours and internship experience was positively correlated with CA self-efficacy for American students, but showed no relationship with CA self-efficacy for Korea students. Implications for understanding the cultural differences of counseling-trainees’ self-confidence and the need for conducting cross-cultural comparison studies to provide insights about the training and development of trainees in cross-cultural settings are discussed.  相似文献   

10.
This paper examines potential differences between Korean and American students in terms of their perception levels regarding online education support service quality, online learning acceptance, and satisfaction. Eight hundred and seventy-two samples, which were collected from students in online classes in the United States and Korea, were analyzed using factor analysis, structural equation model techniques, independent sample t-test, and logistic regression. The following results were obtained from this analysis: 1) There were significant differences between the perceptions of Korean and US students with regard to online education support service quality. In this context, Korean students held a significantly higher perception of online support service quality. 2) Perception of online support service quality was a significant predictor of online learning acceptance and satisfaction for both Korean and American students. It appears that a majority of the students in the two countries, irrespective of the differences in their perceptions of online support service quality, believe that the acceptance of online classes would benefit them.  相似文献   

11.
While conducting a comparative research study in secondary Physical Education in South Korea and the United States, the question arose as to why the narrative inquiry research method we employed was chosen to study the experiences of teachers teaching the particular subject area to youth enrolled in four secondary schools (middle and high) in South Korea and the United States. This article takes up the query by probing the roots of school-based narrative inquiry and the tight connections between our specific research method and the teacher-as-curriculum-maker image of teaching. Six qualities of narrative inquiry are elaborated through the use of narrative fragments excerpted from our Korea Research Foundation-sponsored study. These characteristics include: (1) justification for inquiry, (2) research in the midst, (3) research on the boundaries, (4) knowing through relationship, and (5) narrative truth, and (6) following where the story leads. Finally, the article returns to the intimate relationship between our chosen version of narrative inquiry and the teacher-as-curriculum-maker image and the kinds of contributions that the union of these robust orientations can make to the study of Physical Education in classroom settings.  相似文献   

12.
This paper describes two studies that explore students' beliefs about critical and creative learning at two universities, and considers the implications of those beliefs in comparison to the universities' stated education goals. One is a mixed method study of students at a top university in Korea, and the second is a comparative study between the Korean university and a United States (US) university. The first study found that both high-achievers and the general population at a top Korean university perceived their critical and creative abilities as lower than their receptive learning abilities, and that higher achievers were neither more critical nor creative than lower achievers. The second study finds that the Korean university students, compared to US students, were more likely to rate their receptive learning ability as higher than their critical and creative learning abilities. Comparisons across year of higher education (HE) suggest that Korean students' perceptions did not significantly change with respect to year in school, while US students' perceptions of critical learning abilities significantly increased across school years. Results are discussed with respect to the impact of culture, epistemological beliefs, and HE instruction on critical and creative learning.  相似文献   

13.
Previous studies have provided mixed results for the effects of social constraints on career maturity. However, there has been growing interest in these effects from the time perspective. Few studies have examined the effects of social constraints on the time perspective which in turn influences career maturity. This study examines the mediating effect of the present-oriented perspective on the relation between social constraints and career maturity. The results based on a panel survey of middle and high school students in Korea indicate that the time perspective mediates the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and career maturity regardless of the level of academic achievement. The results have important implications for intervention programs for low-SES children’s time perspective, which may mitigate the transmission of social constraints, thereby raising the bar for their academic and career goals: Such programs may be useful for enhancing low-SES children’s career readiness.  相似文献   

14.
This paper investigates Korean high school students’ English learning motivation and attitudes. In this regard, the results of a 2002 study were compared with those of a 2006 study. Questionnaire data were obtained from a total of 1,037 high school students in a major city in South Korea, and the data were compared with those on the students’ English proficiency. Statistical analyses verified two distinctive Korean-specific constructs: competitive motivation and attitudes toward Americans among the participants. The results suggest that negative washback effects of the College Scholastic Ability Test in Korea and influences of peer group cohesion, mass media, and the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure play a crucial role in EFL motivation and attitudes among Korean high school students.  相似文献   

15.
The present study reports on a study conducted with 377 Australian students enrolled in grades 9 through 12. The Australian version of the Career Development Inventory (CDI-A; Lokan, 1984) and a work commitment measure modified for the Australian context (Rowley & Feather, 1987) were administered. Analyses were conducted with the four subscales of the CDI-A as the dependent measures, and two levels of work commitment (high/low), four levels of age (14–17) and gender (female/male) as the independent variables. Work commitment was moderately correlated with all subscales of the CDI-A. Gender differences were evident on work commitment and career maturity. A striking finding was the strong relationship between work commitment and the knowledge component of career maturity for females. Findings are discussed in the context of changing educational and labour market opportunities and the role of education programs in career maturity development.  相似文献   

16.
Using nationally representative data for lower secondary teachers from the 2013 Teaching and Learning International Survey, we examined differences in factors associated with technology-enabled learning between the United States and South Korea. The results confirmed the importance of teachers’ self-efficacy and their participation in professional development for technology-enabled learning in both countries. However, we found differences in the degree to which participation in professional development mattered to technology-enabled learning between the two countries. In addition, we found that cooperation and gender were significant predictors of technology-enabled learning in South Korea but not in the United States. By contrast, having constructivist beliefs was a significant predictor in the United States, but not in South Korea. The article goes on to highlight differences in information and communication technology policy environments between the United States and South Korea that may potentially explain these between-country differences in factors associated with technology-enabled learning.  相似文献   

17.
Our study investigates how Korean universities are designing and implementing internationalization policies to meet the demands of globalization. Relying upon globalization theory we reveal how power is embedded within these internationalization efforts. Indeed, we accept the notion that the United States is the world??s superpower and therefore Korea was compelled to ??Westernize?? in order to become active participants in the highly competitive globalized twenty-first century. Through the perspectives of Koreans and foreigners (e.g., professors, students, government officials, and university administrators), our paper aims to discover and understand Korean values and traditions in comparison and detached from Western theory of globalization and internationalization policies in higher education.  相似文献   

18.
朝鲜内战爆发后,美军公开入侵朝鲜,并将战火烧到我国边境。为保家卫国,中国派兵入朝参战。但我军落后的后勤供应很难适应这场现代化的战争,物资运输线成了美军轰炸的主要目标,其畅通与否,成了我军能否取胜的关键。  相似文献   

19.
中华文明历史悠久,不仅为当代中国的事业发展奠定了深厚的文化基础,同时也对韩、日等周边国家的文化产生了深远的影响。在本文中,笔者从字音结构、字形结构两方面对韩·汉"字"进行简单地对比。通过教学实践,笔者发现韩汉对比分析不失为一种韩语学习、韩语教学的有效方法。  相似文献   

20.
中美两国在本世纪中叶走向对抗的原因，史学界始终论说不一，各据其理。中美两国文化的差异、彼此强硬的外交政策、朝鲜战争的爆发，两国意识形态的对立，无疑都是导致两国冲突的重要因素。但是，在这些因素的背后隐藏着更深层次的根本原因，即中美两国外交决策人考虑问题的出发点──本国的利益。国家利益在特定时期有特定的内涵，本文试图阐明这一时期中美两国国家利益的冲突是中美走向对抗的根本原因。  相似文献   

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