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1.
Beth Hatt 《The Urban Review》2007,39(2):145-166
How smartness is defined within schools contributes to low academic achievement by poor and racial/ethnic minority students. Using Holland et al.’s (1998) [Holland, D., Lachicotte, W., Skinner, D., & Cain, C. (Eds.) (1998). Identity and agency in cultural worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.] concept of “figured worlds,” this paper explores the “figuring” of smartness through the perspectives of marginalized youth. The youth made key distinctions between being book smart vs. street smart. This distinction is a direct challenge by the youth to the dominant discourse of smartness or “book smarts” as it operates in schools. To the youth, “street smarts” are more important because they are connected to being able to maneuver through structures in their lives such as poverty, the police, street culture, and abusive “others.” This distinction is key because street smarts stress agency in countering social structures whereas, for many of the youth, book smarts represented those structures, such as receiving a high school diploma. Implications for schools and pedagogy are discussed. B.A. earned from Indiana University – Bloomington, Masters and Ph.D. earned from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Beth Hatt Fis an Assistant Professor of Educational Administration and Foundations at Illinois State University where she teaches research methods and social foundations of education. Her current research explores smartness as a cultural construct in schools and the media.  相似文献   

2.
This study explores the process of using Holland et al. (Identity and agency in cultural worlds, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1998) “figured worlds” identity and agency theory to explore two scholars’ transnational experiences. Using poetic inquiry as a data analysis tool, this study seeks to (re)position how identity work is theorized and analyzed across broader contexts. Data collection consisted of online discussions, reflective journals, and biographical artifacts to better contextualize our discussions. These co-constructed discussions were transcribed and analyzed using poetic inquiry to better capture and articulate experiential themes of isolation, vulnerability, adaptation, and survival. This study serves three purposes (1) how both authors analyzed, interpreted and theorized our childhood experiences crossing borders using Holland et al. (Identity and agency in cultural worlds, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1998) “figured worlds” theory, (2) how poetic inquiry was used to capture the isolation, vulnerability, adaptation, and survival of one author’s experiences, and (3) how this type of reflexivity explicitly in/transforms theoretical approaches to deconstructing cultural identity and agency in a myriad of contexts, notably teacher education.  相似文献   

3.
Using Holland et al.’s (Identity and agency in cultural worlds, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1998) theory of identity and their concept of figured worlds, this article provides an overview of how twenty-five undergraduates of color came to produce a Multiracial identity. Using Critical Race Theory methodology with ethnographic interviewing as the primary method, I specifically focus on the ways in which Multiracial figured worlds operate within a racial borderland (Anzaldúa in Borderlands: La Frontera—The New Mestiza, Aunt Lute Books, San Francisco, 1987), an alternate, marginal world where improvisational play (Holland et al. in Identity and agency in cultural worlds, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1998) and facultad became critical elements of survival. Participants exercised their agency by perforating monoracial storylines and developed a complex process of identity production that informed their behaviors by a multifaceted negotiation of positionalities. I end by focusing on implications for urban education that can be drawn from this study.  相似文献   

4.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the joint training activities of a cooperating teacher and a university supervisor during an advisory visit on (a) the professional development of a preservice teacher's activity and (b) the reorganization of mentoring activity following this visit. The results are considered from a theoretical perspective based on cultural-historical psychology (Leontiev, A. (1984). Activity, consciousness, personality. Moscow: Progress Editions.; Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Interaction between learning and development. In: M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner & E. Souberman (Eds.), Mind in society (pp. 79–91). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.; Vygotsky, L. S. (1997). Thought and language. Paris: La Dispute.; Vygotsky, L. S. (2003). Consciousness, the unconscious, emotions. Paris: La Dispute.) and the clinical study of activity (Clot, Y. (2003). Vygotsky, consciousness as liaison. In: Vygotsky, consciousness, the unconscious, emotions. Paris: La Dispute, pp. 7–59.; Clot, Y. (2004). Work between functioning and development. Bulletin de Psychologie, 57(1), 5–12.; Clot, Y. (2008). Work and the power to act. Paris: PUF.; Clot, Y., & Faïta, D. (2000). Types and styles in work analysis. Concepts and methods. Travailler, 6, 7–43.). The discussion focuses on the conditions that led to the greater effectiveness of the advisory visit, which is an integral part of teacher training programs that alternate classroom work with co-analysis of the work. Proposals are also made for new directions in training supervisors and cooperating teachers with a view to building a training team.  相似文献   

5.
Teacher learning should be regarded as a complex life-long process, one that may be best understood as interwoven with the life-long process of identity development. Using concepts like figured worlds, histories-in-person, cultural artifacts, and conceptual/procedural identity (Holland, Lachiotte, Skinner, & Cain, 1998), this paper explores one secondary teacher's shifting from traditional methods of English teaching to a workshop approach. As the teacher perceived the figured nature of dominant narratives about schooling alongside his own history-in-person, emerging tensions became productive spaces. This paper concludes with implications about the usefulness of identity theories to examine and facilitate teacher learning over time.  相似文献   

6.
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7.
The study reported here is the third in a series of research articles (Harkness, S. S., D’Ambrosio, B., & Morrone, A. S.,in Educational Studies in Mathematics 65:235–254, 2007; Morrone, A. S., Harkness, S. S., D’Ambrosio, B., & Caulfield, R. in Educational Studies in Mathematics 56:19–38, 2004) about the teaching practices of the same university professor and the mathematics course, Problem Solving, she taught for preservice elementary teachers. The preservice teachers in Problem Solving reported that they were motivated and that Sheila made learning goals salient. For the present study, additional data were collected and analyzed within a qualitative methodology and emergent conceptual framework, not within a motivation goal theory framework as in the two previous studies. This paper explores how Sheila’s “trying to believe,” rather than a focus on “doubting” (Elbow, P., Embracing contraries, Oxford University Press, New York, 1986), played out in her practice and the implications it had for both classroom conversations about mathematics and her own mathematical thinking.  相似文献   

8.
This paper explores connections and disconnects between identity and literacy for a group of adolescents in a second level classroom setting. We build on Mead and Vygotsky’s conceptualisations of identity formation as an intricate emergent happening constantly formed/reformed by people, in their interactions with others [Mead, G. H. 1999. Play, School, Society. Edited by M. J. Deegan. Oxford: Peter Lang; Vygotsky, L. 1978. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, UK: Harvard University Press]. This paper will set to explore the impact of this on adolescent literacy practice, student choice and agency [Lewis, C., P. Ensico, and E. M. Moje. 2007. “Reframing Sociocultural Research on Literacy: Identity, Agency, and Power.” The Electronic Journal of English as a Second Language 12 (3): 1–205]. The concept of figured worlds plays a fundamental role in our theorisation of adolescent literacy and identity. Literacy and identity remain interwoven in very complex ways for adolescents as they attempt to make sense and meaning from in and out of school experiences [Burnett, C., J. Davies, G. Merchant, and J. Rowsell. 2014. New Literacies Around the Globe: Policy and Pedagogy. New York, NY: Routledge; Davies, J. 2013. “(I’m)Material Girls Living in (in)Material Worlds: Identity Curation Through Time and Space.” Presentation at UKLA Conference, Liverpool]. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research was used in carrying out this exploration with a thematic approach to data analysis. The findings of the exploration identify that there is a disconnect between identity in and out of school. We then see the struggle students have in coming to terms with their various figured worlds, and varying identities in given scenarios. There is an emphasis on the dated nature of some prescribed texts for study on the English course and the need for a review of these to bridge the scholastic and social divide evident from the findings. This paper explores the literacy and identity experiences of one group of adolescents alongside their opinions about the English literacy curriculum.  相似文献   

9.
Calls for teaching and learning that cross subject boundaries have been making themselves heard in recent Higher Education literature in different national contexts. Communication is pivotal in any such learning encounter: it is in the process of negotiating meaning across disciplines that its rewards and challenges lie. And yet, the question of what characterises interdisciplinary classroom communication in the sector is little researched and little understood. How such interaction differs from that in the monodisciplinary university classroom is under-theorised. Adapting Applied Linguistic theory in Intercultural Communicative Competence (Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.) and drawing on a taxonomy of academic disciplines (Becher, T., & Trowler, P. R (2001). Academic tribes and territories.Buckingham: Society for Research in Higher Education/Open University Press.), the article proposes a model of Communicative Competence as a conceptual tool to shape thinking in developing and researching interdisciplinary teaching and learning in the university classroom.  相似文献   

10.
Telling and dramatizing stories is an increasingly popular addition to the preschool curriculum, largely due to the attention this activity has received through the writings of Vivian Paley (Bad guys don’t have birthdays: fantasy play at four. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1988; The boy who would be a helicopter: the uses of storytelling in the kindergarten. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990; A child’s work: the importance of fantasy play. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2004). While the writings of Paley and others (Cooper, When stories come to school: telling, writing, and performing stories in the early childhood classroom. Teachers & Writers Collaborative, New York, 1993; Engel 1999) focus on the social and cognitive outcomes children experience as a result of storytelling, less has been written about the process of writing and dramatizing stories with young children. This article discusses procedures and considerations that enhance storytelling with preschool children, including effective prompts for encouraging children’s creativity, potential trouble spots such as aggression in stories, and ways that storytelling can enhance home-school relationships.  相似文献   

11.
Using Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (1998) theory of identity and their concept of figured worlds, this article provides an overview of how twenty-four Mexican Americans came to produce Chicana/o Activist Educator identities. The desire to raise consciousness (teach for social justice pero con ganas) and “give back to the [their] community” became a very important part of this identity. Using an ethnographic interview as well as a life history interview methodology, this article specifically focuses on the participants’ conceptual and procedural identity production in local Chicana/o activist figured worlds (usually in colleges and universities). In these local figured worlds, the participants produced a more complex process of identity production that was both conceptual and procedural. The article concludes with broad implications for urban teacher education. Luis Urrieta, Jr. is assistant professor of cultural studies and education and Fellow in the Lee Hage Jamail Regents Chair in Education at the University of Texas at Austin. His research interests are in identity, agency, and social movements in education with a focus on Chicana/o and Indígena (P’urhépecha) education, citizenship and social studies education. 1 University Station D5700, Austin, TX 78712, USA.  相似文献   

12.
Today’s emphasis on using children’s literature as a tool to teach reading and writing sub-skills distracts teachers’ attention from looking to children’s books for their historical role in helping children navigate the intellectual, social, and emotional terrains of childhood. This article argues, first, that early childhood educators must remain fluent in the use of literature that supports young children’s psychosocial development. Second, teachers must establish criteria for choice. By way of example, it examines two popular books for young children, Sendak’s (1963) Where the Wild Things Are [New York: HarperCollins Publishers] and Shannon’s (1998) No, David! [New York: Blue Sky Press] Three theoretical perspectives guide the analysis. The first combines Dewey’s (1938/97) [Experience and education. New York:Touchstone] impetus for learning and Vygotsky’s (1978) [Mind in society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press] theory that learning precedes development through scaffolded social interaction. The second is Erikson’s (1950, 1985) [Childhood and society. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.] theory of psychosocial development in light of the 4–6-year-old’s drive towards self-regulation, control, and independence. The third is Rosenblatt’s (1978) [The reader, the text, the poem. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English] transactional nature of reading.  相似文献   

13.
This paper outlines the connection between qualitative research methods in education and teacher reflective practices as they relate to Valli’s (Reflective teacher education: cases and critiques. State University of New York Press, Albany, 1992; Peabody J Educ 72(1): 67–88, 1997) model of reflection. Using the authors’ own experiences in performing and guiding educational research, and existing research in the field of teacher education pertaining to reflective practitioners, explicit connections are made between the two paradigms. These connections illustrate the importance of integrating authentic research experiences into the teacher education curriculum outside the context of methods courses, much like models established in the sciences.  相似文献   

14.
This study examines two experienced teachers’ transformations and sense of agency as they implemented a writer’s workshop curriculum with multi-lingual third grade students. Multiple lines of inquiry guide the study including communities of practice (Lave & Wenger, 1991), teacher identities in figured worlds (Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, & Cain, 1998), and the ethic of care (Noddings, 1984/2003). A constant comparative method was used to analyze classroom observation notes, interviews and debriefing sessions (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Findings indicate that teachers transformed their pedagogical practices around writing, and at the same time reconsidered what it may mean to become renewed professionals.  相似文献   

15.
Women and Leisure: A Study of Social Waste. By Lorine Pruette (Mrs. Fryer). New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1924. Pp. xxiv + 225.

Psychological Tests in Business. By A. W. Kornhauser and F. A. Kingsbury. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1924. Pp. ix + 194. Price, $1.90.

Here and Now Primer. By Mrs. Lucy Sprague Mitchell. New York: E. P. Dutton Co. Price, 70 cents.

The Nature of Intelligence. By L. L. Thurstone. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1924. Pp. xvi + 167. Price, $3.75.

The Materials of Beading: Their Selection and Organization. By Willis L. Uhl (University of Wisconsin). Newark, N. J.: Silver, Burdett & Co., 1924. Pp. xiv + 386. Price, $1.50.

The Story Key to Geographic Names. By O. D. von Engeln (Cornell University) and Jane McKelway Urquhart (Cascadilla School). New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1924. Pp. xvi + 279.

Educational Tests and Measurements. By Walter Scott Monroe (University of Illinois), James Clarence DeVoss (State Teachers College, San José, Cal.), and Frederick James Kelly (University of Minnesota). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1924. Pp. xxvii + 521. Price, $2.40.

Beginnings in Educational Measurement. By Edward A. Lincoln (Harvard University). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1924. Pp. 151.

Reading Blueprints. By James K. Shallenberger. Peoria, Ill.: Manual Arts Press, 1924. Pp. 59. Price, 85 cents.

Carpenter's New Geographical Readers: Africa. By Frank G. Carpenter. Cincinnati: American Book Co., 1924. Pp. 397.

Problems in Architectural Drawing. By F. G. Elwood (Head of Department of Architectural and Mechanical Drawing, Moosehart, Ill., High School). Peoria, Ill.: Manual Arts Press, 1924. Pp. 134. Price, $2.25.

Educational Measurements and the Classroom Teacher. By A. R. Gilliland (Northwestern University) and R. H. Jordan (Cornell University). New York: The Century Co., 1924. Pp. xi + 269. Price, $2.

Laboratory Studies in Educational Psychology. By Egbert Milton Turner (College of the City of New York) and George Herbert Betts (Northwestern University). New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1924. Pp. xii + 218.

An Atlas of English Literature. By Clement Tyson (University of Richmond) and Edgar Finley Shannon (Washington and Lee University). New York: Century Co., 1925. Pp. 136–8¾>×11½> inches. Price, $2.

Woodworking Machinery. By William Noyes (District Director, Bureau of Rehabilitation, Albany, N. Y.). Peoria, Ill.: Manual Arts Press, 1923. Pp. 144. Price, $3.

The Project Method in Geography. By Helen M. Ganey. Chicago: The Plymouth Press, 1924. Pp. 45. Price, 50 cents.

Sheet‐Metal Work. By Marion S. Trew and Verne A. Bird. Peoria, Ill.: Manual Arts Press, 1923. Pp. 64. Price, 85 cents.  相似文献   

16.
Creativity is a topic of wide global interest, often discussed in fields such as education, psychology and business (Runco, Divergent thinking and creative potential, Hampton Press, New York, 2013; Yoruk and Runco, Journal for Neurocognitive Research 56:1–16, 2014). However, the relationship of pedagogical practices in early childhood education and care (ECEC) as it applies to the development of creative thought processes of young children is a relatively new area for investigation. This paper presents recent research that examines the role of the educator as an intentional teacher within Australian early learning environments and investigates the relationship of this role to children’s developing creativity. Theoretically informed by Vygotsky’s sociocultural constructivist approach (Vygotsky, Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1930, 1978) and neo-Vygotskian theories on creativity (John-Steiner and Moran, Educational Psychologist 31:191–206, 2012), this paper explores some of the beliefs and understandings of educators on creativity. Furthermore, this paper exposes some of the misconceptions of educators about children’s creative thinking as they engage in play-based learning activities. The evidence from this Australian study suggests that the role of the educator is pivotal in assisting children in the early development of creative thinking thus challenging their role as educators.  相似文献   

17.
HARRY S. TRUMAN: PRESIDENTIAL RHETORIC. By Halford R. Ryan. Foreword by Bernard K. Duffy. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993; pp. xiii + 213. $47.95.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER: STRATEGIC COMMUNICATOR. By Martin J. Medhurst. Foreword by Bernard K. Duffy. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993; pp. xviii + 256. $55.00

SEE IT NOW CONFRONTS McCARTHYISM: TELEVISION DOCUMENTARY AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION. By Thomas Rosteck. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1994; pp. x + 247. $29.95.

COMMUNICATION AND LONERGAN: COMMON GROUND FOR FORGING THE NEW AGE. Edited by Thomas J. Farrell and Paul A. Soukup. Foreword by Robert M. Doran. Communication, Culture and Theology Series. Kansas City, MO: Sheed and Ward, 1993; pp. xxxvii + 377. $22.95 paper.

RHETORICAL MOVEMENT: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF LELAND M. GRIFFIN. Edited by David Zarefsky. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1993; pp. vii + 258. $39.95.

RHETORIC AND IRONY: WESTERN LITERACY AND WESTERN LIES. By Jan Swearingen. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991; pp. xiv + 323. $35.00.

LION OF THE FOREST: JAMES B. FINLEY, FRONTIER REFORMER. By Charles C. Cole, Jr. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1994; pp. xv + 271. $32.95.

SEDUCING AMERICA: HOW TELEVISION CHARMS THE MODERN VOTER. By Roderick P. Hart. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994; pp. ix + 230. $25.00.

EXTENSIONS OF THE BURKEIAN SYSTEM. Edited by James W. Chesebro. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press 1993; pp. xxi + 350. $39.95.

GAY NEW YORK: GENDER, URBAN CULTURE, AND THE MAKING OF THE GAY WORLD, 1890–1940. By George Chauncey. New York: BasicBooks, 1994; pp. ix + 457. $25.00

RHETORICAL REPUBLIC: GOVERNING REPRESENTATIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS. Edited by Frederick M. Dolan and Thomas L. Dumm. Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press, 1993; pp. vi + 296. $40.00; paper $16.95.  相似文献   

18.
Recent elaborations on cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) (Engestr?m et al., eds., Perspectives on activity theory. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999) and its relation to organizational theories have produced a theoretical amalgam of these earlier ideas, which allow for the exploration of learning in formal organizational contexts such as schools. In this paper I reflect on Candela’s work situated in undergraduate Mexican physics by drawing attention to the CHAT-IT framework (Ogawa et al., Educational Researcher 37(2):83–95, 2008) as a viable lens. I suggest that it is important to understand the historical development of the Mexican university as an educational organization as well as the role of physics professors as agents of change whose practices contribute to not only breaking classroom walls but also to transforming the organization affecting future activity systems.  相似文献   

19.
This paper presents the results of a study of interviews (N = 17) conducted with members of a community of practice (CP) comprised of school principals, vice principals, and department heads responsible for teacher supervision in their respective schools. This CP met once a month over the course of 2 years to work on adapting the New Brunswick Department of Education’s Francophone Teacher Evaluation Program. Using Wenger’s (Communities of practice: Learning, meaning and identity. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1998) CP theoretical framework centered on four main concepts, namely meaning, practice, community, and identity, our study reveals that participants acquired knowledge by sharing their teacher supervision experiences. The participants learned new knowledge from others, enriched their supervision practices, and also gained indispensable practical skills with regard to the supervisory process. Furthermore, their fruitful discussions resulted in the creation of friendships and a sense of collegiality as they became agents for change.  相似文献   

20.
Using a case study approach, the authors examine the democratic and civic engagement learning outcomes of a campus protest. The conceptual framework is built on the ideas outlined in Learning Reconsidered (Keeling 2004) and modeled in its pragmatic follow-up, Learning Reconsidered 2 (Keeling 2006). Results suggest student and campus administrator actions during a campus protest support democratic aims, student development, and digital age democracy. Recommendations for campus educators are included. This study extends previous discussion on activism’s journey from detrimental to developmental (Astin 1999; Chambers & Phelps 1993; Hamrick 1998; Hunter 1988) by mapping the learning environment through the interaction of protestor and university and by incorporating new forms of activism. J. Patrick Biddix  received his Ph.D. in Educational Leadership and Policy Studies with specialization in Higher Education from the University of Missouri–St. Louis. He is currently Assistant Professor of Higher Education and Research Methodology in the Department of Curriculum, Leadership, and Technology at Valdosta State University. His primary research interests include college student uses of technology outside the classroom, career pathways in student affairs, and research methodology. Patricia A. Somers  received her Ph.D. in Educational Administration with specialization in Higher Education from the University of New Orleans. She is currently an Associate Professor of Higher Education at the University of Texas at Austin. Her primary research interests include college access, student persistence, student development theory, and two-year colleges. Joseph L. Polman  received his Ph.D. in Learning Sciences from Northwestern University. He is currently an Associate Professor of Educational Technology in the Division of Teaching and Learning at the University of Missouri–St. Louis. His primary research interests include inquiry-based learning involving computers and the Internet as tools, viewed from a sociocultural perspective.  相似文献   

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