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1.
The challenges of writing itself and lack of appropriate teaching methodology demotivate EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners in some Chinese universities to write more, especially as the only incentive for students to write is the compulsory tests. The main objectives of this article are： （1） to discuss the background of the EFL learners in Chinese tertiary education and then to elaborate on their needs and problems for EFL writing; （2） to review the existing approaches to teaching writing; and （3） to propose and justify an integrated model on the basis of these approaches for teaching EFL writing in the Chinese context. 相似文献
2.
K. O. Fayokun S. O. Adedeji S. A. Oyebade 《美中教育评论》2009,6(2):58-66
This article reviewed the case of indecent dressing among the youth of today especially on the universities campuses, which has forced the authorities of those institutions to enact dress codes to stem the tide and restore high moral standards, integrity and decency. Whether this bid was successful or not was another thing which was a function of many factors namely： （1） absence of procedural and legal structures for enforcement and sanctions; （2） weak moral backgrounds from home; （3） lip-service paid to the issue of dress code by the authorities; （4） negative influence of foreign cultures through the moral pollution of the mass media; and （5） the corrupt nature of the society iner-alia. In the view of the fact that this phenomenon portends serious danger to realizing the sincere goals of training reliable, decent-minded, well mannered workforce and leaders for the future, the study recommended that： （1） all hands be put on deck by all the stake holders within and outside campuses to stem the dangerous tide; （2） well designed structures be laid down for enforcing the rules and penalizing non-compliance; and （3） regular counselling programmes be mounted all over the campuses and in the communities utilizing agencies like the parents, the teachers, the religious bodies and the media most especially. 相似文献
3.
Carmelyn Cortez-Antig 《美中教育评论》2011,(1):54-63
The study was conducted to find out the parents＇ perception on the De La Salle University-Dasmarifias services which are grouped as follows： （1） Academic instruction factor; （2） Quality of human ware （includes faculty, administration, staff support through medical services, guidance and discipline）; （3） Quality of hardware （dorm facilities, transportation, canteens and security services）; and （4） Expectations （graduates＇ job placement）. Likewise, this study was conducted to echo out the perception to the university officials for possible improvement and to share these observations with other sister La Salle schools, thus possibly enhancing better educational management based on an actual review from the parents, the ＂clients＂ and major stakeholders of the school. POLCA （Parents＇ Organization of La Salle Cavite）, the legitimate parents＇ organization of DLSU-D （De La Salle University-Dasmarinas）, a tertiary university finds the study significant： （1） in being able to verbalize its concerns on the academic instruction factor, quality of human ware, quality of hardware and expectations on graduates＇ job placement; （2） for university officials＇ awareness of the parents＇ perception; and （3） for considering the results of this study as eye openers for improvements and development of their services. Lastly, this study hopes to find answers to the perennial question of why the choice of DLSU-D for their children. The findings reveal that the overall rating of the services of the university to the students is satisfactory. Breaking down the services into 4 groups： academic instruction, quality of human ware, quality of hardware and expectations, that highlight the graduates＇ employability after graduation, the biggest number of parent respondents agreed on the perception that academic instruction factor ranked first, followed by expectations/graduates＇ employability after graduation as second, and quality of human ware and quality of hardware as th 相似文献
4.
Philippos Pouyioutas Emilios Solomou Christina Ioannou Fabrizio Boldini Maria Rita Bracchini 《美中教育评论》2010,7(6):92-100
This paper presents the EUCLIDES （Enhancing the Use of Cooperative Learning to Increase Development of Science Studies） project （134246-LLP-1-2007-1-IT-1-COMENIUS-CMP）, which aims at introducing and pilot-testing an innovative teaching and training methodology, based on the constructivist approach and on problem-based learning （PBL）, through the use of information communication technology （ICT） instruments. This methodology has been developed for the study of science subjects and, is currently used in some European schools of secondary education, involving teachers and students. A moodle platform has been developed to enforce the application and use of the methodology. Through this platform, teachers can monitor the progress of the work of the students and intervene as facilitators when it is necessary to provide further co-ordination, pose questions and suggest problem-based approaches. The use of the platform secures that the teachers remain distant from the students allowing students to work by themselves and find solutions to the problems posed. 相似文献
5.
Based on the remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS） analysis of the Landsat multispectral scanner （MSS） and thematic mapper （TM） satellite images of 1983, 1993, and 2005, the present research examined the effectiveness of the urban construction boundaries （UCBs） in containing urban growth within the 6th Ring Road of Beijing Municipality. Three indicators on boundary control were proposed, through which the effectiveness of boundary containment, land inventory sufficiency and illegal adjacent development to the UCBs were explored. The results suggested that, first, the UCBs were limited in effectiveness in containing urban growth; second, the area encompassed by the UCBs might not be designed large enough to accommodate new development. The frustration of the urban growth control through the UCBs mainly resulted from the lack of a transparent system for urban land use planning and control to provide sufficient information, the limitation of the traditional land use prediction method to consider contingencies, and the absence of a mechanism to monitor and adjust the UCBs to respond just in time to urban change. 相似文献
6.
Yael Fisher 《美中教育评论》2010,7(6):1-15
This paper reveals a new evaluation model, which enables educational program and project managers to evaluate their programs with a simple and easy to understand approach. The ＂index of success model＂ is comprised of five parameters that enable to focus on and evaluate both the implementation and results of an educational program. The integration of these parameters forms a complete and comprehensive picture, which in turn provides the most information on the success or failure of the program. The parameters are： （1） the relevance index, referring to an evaluation of predefined objectives; （2） the efficiency index, referring to the fiscal efficiency of the program; （3） the effectiveness index evaluating the attainment of the program＇s objectives; （4） the impact index gauging the effect on the consumers, for whom the program is undertaken; and （5） the final parameter is the program＇s sustainability index. Since Israel＇s education strategy currently leans towards site-based monitoring and evaluation, such a model can potentially be of great help to school management and staff. 相似文献
7.
Samuel Hinton 《美中教育评论》2009,6(7):79-84
The purpose of this paper is to review current issues in pre- and primary school reform and to pose questions on the long-term implications of present day solutions. Such an exercise will open up discussion on the probable effects of educational policy decisions with a view to minimize negative effects brought on by new policies. Because data collection in Sierra Leone is embryonic and unreliable, it is difficult to be definitive in planning future reform in education based on available data. The civil war between 1989 and 1999 practically shut down the educational system. Some of the obvious steps taken to ameliorate the situation included mandatory compulsory primary education in 2004 and completing the construction of 500 new classroom buildings by 2008. School enrolment doubled between 2001 and 2005 and the Gross Enrolment Ratio （GER） was about 160 percent. It is important to join in a discussion of the long-term implications of short-term solutions to educational development in Sierra Leone. The paper is organized under the following headings： （1） The context of pre and primary school development; （2） Current education system; （3） Issues in pre-primary and primary education; （4） Government statements on education and jobs respectively; （5） Questioning as a way to improve education quality; （6） Discussion; and （7） Recommendation. 相似文献
8.
This study deals with the recycling of carbon steel slag （CSS） to produce self-consolidating concrete （SCC）. Since the chemical composition of CSS is similar to that of Portland cement or blast furnace slag （BFS）, it is expected to behave similarly. In the current study, the pozzolanic activity index of CSS is examined. Furthermore, the use of CSS as a pozzolanic material to partially replace Portland cement in the production of SCC is tested. We designed concrete mixtures with different water-to- cementitious material ratios （w/cm） keeping water and superplasticizer （SP） contents constant. Results showed that the design and performance of all the concrete mixtures used in this investigation were comparable to those of SCC and high performance con- crete （HPC）. However, compared to ordinary plain concrete （OPC）, the additional CSS content increases the setting time. In the CSS mixtures set for 90 d, compressive strengths of 86%, 134% and 121% were attained as compared to the control concrete; the corresponding w/cm ratios were 0.28, 0.32 and 0.40, respectively. Verifying the soundness of the SCC for meeting the criteria for HPC, the ultrasonic pulse velocity （UPV） of CSS was found to be comparable to that of ordinary concrete. In conclusion, the recycling of CSS can be advantageously employed in the production of SCC. 相似文献
9.
This research is attempting to examine the effectiveness in the application of ICT （information and communication technology） and standardize courseware in ETeMS （English for Teaching Mathematics and Science） or PPSMI （Pengajaran and Pembelajaran Sains and Matematic dalam Bahasa Inggeris） in English program in the Malaysian secondary school system. Five dimensions of secondary school （type of school, demographic, leadership quality, teaching and learning culture, and teachers＇ personal and working experience） were examined to determine the maximizing usage of TEC （technology-enhanced classroom） in the learning program. In general, there is a significant difference among factors stated above with maximizing usage of TEC in teaching and learning of science and mathematics in English program. The learning culture is also closely related. In addition, the school and teaching staff are another two essential factors found to be the strong fundamental of maximizing the usage of technology in TEC teaching and learning with towering quality. This study represents an addition to the extant literature on maximizing the usage of technology-enhanced teaching and learning towards the excellence of education in the secondary school system. The maximizing usage of TEC teaching and learning environment within the secondary school system is pivotal towards achieving high quality human capital and improving the efficiency and integrity of technology-enhanced learning of science and mathematics in English program. This study provides further groundwork to assist existing education managers to improve work quality and deliver the maximizing usage of TEC teaching and learning towards the excellence in secondary education. 相似文献
10.
This paper deals with the estimation of crest settlement in a concrete face rockfill dam （CFRD）, utilizing intelligent methods. Following completion of dam construction, considerable movements of the crest and the body of the dam can develop during the first impoundment of the reservoir. Although there is vast experience worldwide in CFRD design and construction, few accurate experimental relationships are available to predict the settlement in CFRD. The goal is to advance the development of intelligent methods to estimate the subsidence of dams at the design stage. Due to dam zonifieation and uncertainties in material properties, these methods appear to be the appropriate choice. In this study, the crest settlement behavior of CFRDs is analyzed based on compiled data of 24 CFRDs constructed during recent years around the world, along with the utilization of gene ex- pression programming （GEP） and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system （ANFIS） methods. In addition, dam height （H）, shape factor （St）, and time （t, time after first operation） are also assessed, being considered major factors in predicting the settlement behavior. From the relationships proposed, the values ofR2 for both equations of GEP （with and without constant） were 0.9603 and 0.9734, and for the three approaches of ANFIS （grid partitioning （GP）, subtractive clustering method （SCM）, and fuzzy c-means clustering （FCM）） were 0.9693, 0.8657, and 0.8848, respectively. The obtained results indicate that the overall behavior evaluated by this approach is consistent with the measured data of other CFRDs. 相似文献
11.
Analysis of a rainwater harvesting system for domestic water supply in Zhoushan, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The domestic rainwater harvesting system （DRHS） is an water demands. A computer model has been generated to analyze the important freshwater source for Zhoushan, China to meet performance of the DRHS with different ratios of D/（AR） （water demand/average annual collected runoff） and S/（AR） （storage capacity/average annual collected runoff）. The performance of the DRHS was analyzed by means of the model simulation, which is described by its water shortage rate （WSR） and water loss rate （WLR）. Using the data, a set of dimensionless design calculation chart is introduced. When the water demand and requirement of the design are known, the established chart can be used to easily determine the storage capacity and catchment （roof and other surface） area required to achieve a desired performance level. 相似文献
12.
YANG Chau-ping 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(3):330-334
In order to improve the efficiency in management of public work projects, screening and controlling influencing factors affecting the quality of a public work project is essential. This study synthesized 9 influential categories including 91 factors related to quality management of public works in Taiwan using a sequential analysis procedure. According to the Borda-values of influencing factors obtained from a first stage questionnaire, the number of primary factors selected by the responsible entities and the design-supervisory entities were 44 and 45 respectively. A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process （FAHP） was used to prioritize and rank these factors. The top five factors ranked by the responsible entities were （1） introduction of the earned value analysis, （2） working efficiency, （3） environmental laws and regulations, （4） price-index fluctuation, and （5） on-site safety management. The top five factors ranked by the design-supervisory entities were （1） man power, （2） laws and regulations, （3） price-index fluctuation, （4） traffic conditions, and （5） faulty design. 相似文献
13.
Saida Kacem Laurence Simonneaux 《美中教育评论》2009,6(2):44-47
This research starts from a relatively optimistic thinking based on the fact that the teaching of the socioscientific issues through the practice of argued debates can contribute positively towards education in scientific citizenship. The teaching of techno-sciences raises topical questions which interfere in the classroom and at the same time carry scientific and social controversies within which it is possible to anchor the construction of new knowledge and citizen＇s behaviours. These controversial issues raise more questions and motivate the pupils more. Setting these topics for debate in the classroom could ＂restore, if only a little, what＂ Astolfi likes to call ＂the taste of knowledge （savoirs） ＇since the two words （saveur and savoir） come from the same Greek root＇ sapere＂, as Astolfi, 2006, marvellously put it in the foreword to the recent book How to teach socially acute questions （Legardez ＆ Simonneaux, 2006）. The present contribution is research in progress. It questions a protocol of training of future teachers. The principal objective is to train the pre-service teachers to teach socioscientific issues （SSI）. Like Funtowicz and Ravetz （1992, 1993）, we think that the SSI belong to ＂Post-Normal-Science＇. Accordingly, we will study the contribution of the training in epistemic, social and ethical values in the analysis of socioscientific issues by biology and philosophy future teachers. We will analyze the evolution of teacher trainees＇ decision-making after training on 3 socioscientific issues （the oncomice, the baby drug, the therapeutic cloning） and the impact of this socioepistemologic and ethical training on their teaching practices. 相似文献
14.
Chi Wang Fang Zhang Shu-Bo Bi Xue-Qin Xia Ting-Ting Xu 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2014,(4):327-332
Fabrication method and device of ultra-small gradient-index （GRIN） fiber probe were investigated in order to explore the development of ultra-small probes for optical coherence tomography （OCT） imaging. The beam- expanding effect of no-core fiber （NCF） and the focusing properties of the GRIN fiber lens were analyzed based on the model of GRIN fiber probe consisting of single-mode fiber （SMF）, NCF and GRIN fiber lens. A stereo micro- scope based system was developed to fabricate the GRIN fiber probe. A fiber fusion splicer and an ultrasonic cleaver were used to weld and cut the fiber respectively. A con- focal microscopy was used to measure the dimensions of probe components. The results show that the sizes of probe components developed are at the level of millimeter. Therefore, the proposed experimental system meets the fabrication requirements of an ultra-small self-focusing GRIN fiber probe. This shows that this fabrication device and method can be employed in the fabrication of ultra- small self-focusing GRIN fiber probe and applied in the study of miniaturized optical probes and OCT systems. 相似文献
15.
It is a challenge for passive RFID tags to be mounted on the surface of metal because the parameters of tag antennas, such as the impedance matching, the radiation efficiency and the radiation pattern, are seriously affected by the metallic surface. This paper presents the characteristics of the dipole-like antennas of ultra high frequency （UHF） radio frequency identification （RFID） tags that are placed close to metallic surfaces. The finite element method （FEM） and method of moment （MoM） were used to simulate the changes of the antenna parameters near the metallic surface. Two typical dipole-like antennas close to the metallic surface, a closed loop antenna and a loaded meander antenna, were modeled, and the performance was evaluated. Experiment was carried out and the results were in good agreement with the simulation, showing that a distance of 0.05λ-0.1λ （λ is the free space wavelength） from the metallic surface could make the dipole-like UHF RFID tag performance be acceptable. 相似文献
16.
Naswil Idris Aizirman Dim＇an 《美中教育评论》2005,2(6):1-11
Information and communication are important elements in the growth of societies; they determine the characteristics of the societies. Multipurpose Community Access Points as the lowest locus of the information receiving and transmitting, data storage and retrieval, and also as the locus for the basic interaction among members of the community will presume to contribute a lot to community development especially to improve the quality of life as the whole. E - Learning is a process of transfer of Information （knowledge）, in the sense of science, and values （social, cultural, ethical and moral values）. E-government is an application of ICT to enhance government administration. Its contents may be very complex, but it is meant to enhance public services. Due to the social and cultural implications ICT is also said as civilizing. The use of ICTs has social, economic and cultural implications to reach civil society. 相似文献
17.
A two-layer method based on support vector machines （SVMs） has been developed to distinguish epoxide hydrolases （EHs） from other enzymes and to classify its subfamilies using its primary protein sequences. SVM classifiers were built using three different feature vectors extracted from the primary sequence of EHs： the amino acid composition （AAC）, the dipeptide composition （DPC）, and the pseudo-amino acid composition （PAAC）. Validated by 5-fold cross tests, the first layer SVM classifter can differentiate EHs and non-EHs with an accuracy of 94.2% and has a Matthew＇s correlation coefficient （MCC） of 0.84. Using 2-fold cross validation, PAAC-based second layer SVM can further classify EH subfamilies with an overall accuracy of 90.7% and MCC of 0.87 as compared to AAC （80.0%） and DPC （84.9%）. A program called EHPred has also been developed to assist readers to recognize EHs and to classify their subfamilies using primary protein sequences with greater accuracy. 相似文献
18.
The seasonal-frozen layer may have an influence on embankment motion from train-induced vibrations. Based on the field monitoring in a seasonally-frozen region of northeastern China, the effects of the frozen layer on the embankment responses to train-induced vibration were investigated in winter and summer via acceleration time histories and acceleration frequency spectrums. The results show that： （1） Compared to unfrozen soil conditions, the amplitudes of longitudinal and vertical vibrations at the points near the rail were increased, different influences of freight versus high-speed trains are the most evident. （2） With greater distance from the rail, the dominant frequency ranges of embankment with both frozen and unfrozen layers narrowed and shifted to low frequency bands. （3） The predominant frequency of embankment vibration with frozen soil layers shifted to higher frequencies with the increased train speed, although there was little change with unfrozen condition. Layer condition （frozen versus unfrozen） and distance to rail both play important roles in investigating the embankment vibration characteristics and rail transit field monitoring to improve the criterion of the rail construction in seasonally-frozen regions. 相似文献
19.
Effective assessment is vital in educational activities. We propose IWAS （intelligent Web-based assessment system）, an intelligent, generalized and real-time system to assess both learning and teaching. IWAS provides a foundation for more efficiency in instructional activities and, ultimately, students＇ performances. Our contributions are summarized as （1） Given the causes （student knowledge levels and learning styles）, BN （Bayesian Networks） technique is utilized to automatically reason on the probabilities of the presence of the effects （learning outcomes）; （2） The absence of teaching practice assessments is addressed via the feedbacks from three different levels, aiming to correlate the teaching assessment with the learning assessments for the improved effectiveness in instructional activities; （3） Under a client/server architecture, IWAS is decomposed into a set of independent modules; through the standard inter-module interfaces, the flexibility of easy maintenance makes IWAS a generalized system adaptable to different domains; and （4） Web technologies are integrated to deliver the formative feedbacks to users in a timely manner 相似文献
20.
Power Quality （PQ） combined disturbances become common along with ubiquity of voltage flickers and harmonics. This paper presents a novel approach to classify the different patterns of PQ combined disturbances. The classification system consists of two parts, namely the feature extraction and the automatic recognition. In the feature extraction stage, Phase Space Reconstruction （PSR）, a time series analysis tool, is utilized to construct disturbance signal trajectories. For these trajectories, several indices are proposed to form the feature vectors. Support Vector Machines （SVMs） are then implemented to recognize the different patterns and to evaluate the efficiencies. The types of disturbances discussed include a combination of short-term disturbances （voltage sags, swells） and long-term disturbances （flickers, harmonics）, as well as their homologous single ones. The feasibilities of the proposed approach are verified by simulation with thousands of PQ events. Comparison studies based on Wavelet Transform （WT） and Artificial Neural Network （ANN） are also reported to show its advantages. 相似文献