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在传播学的发展过程中,由于学者们的方法论和学术立场不同,形成了不同的学派。而其中主要的两大学派即经验学派和批判学派。经验学派,顾名思义是主张从经验事实出发,运用经验性方法来研究传播现象的学派。而传播学的另一大学派批判学派是在主攻社会科学研究的法兰克福学派的影响下,以欧洲学者 相似文献
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批判学派和传统学派是传播学研究领域中存在的两个较大的、思想相对的学派。本文从两个学派的发展历程和思想观点出发,对两个学派的研究方法和态度取向予以分析比较,并探讨了两个学派在发展中的借鉴、融合趋势。 相似文献
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《新闻界》2019,(1):60-70
在传播学的话语版图中,媒介效果研究无疑是最耀眼的坐标。作为传播学研究主流范式的经验学派与批评学派在媒介效果研究方面取得了丰硕成果,诸如"皮下注射模式""第三人称假说""媒介文化",等等。但在媒介效果研究的本质归属上,两大学派的观点却发生了较大分歧:经验学派认为批判学派的效果研究只不过是借用了现象学、符号学、结构主义等其他研究范式的一些新名词,其研究成果缺乏形成"理论"的社会基础/实证调查;而批判学派认为经验学派过于推崇实证/量化研究,所谓的"研究结论"充其量只能归属于"假说"的范畴,难以建立具有普适价值的理论范式。由此,媒介效果研究到底是"假说"还是"理论"成为了一个亟待深入研讨的学术问题。本文尝试在借鉴哲学、社会学有关"假说"和"理论"界定的基础上,结合传播学现状探讨经验学派和批判学派这两大主流范式的媒介效果研究的归属问题以及二者的"可能性融合"趋势,以期为媒介效果研究的深入开展提供一种基础的、本质的话语范畴。 相似文献
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20世纪初到30年代的芝加哥学派是美国及世界上最成功的社会学派,因为传播学根植于社会学,芝加哥学派为传播学的传播效果和传播方法研究奠定了坚实基础,本文通过分析对芝加哥学派中关键人物的传播研究,解读芝加哥学派对传播学的重要贡献。 相似文献
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传播学视阈下芝加哥学派简介
在传统观念中．芝加哥学派一般被归属于社会学领域．它是指1893年至1952年间芝加哥大学社会学系的一批卓越的教师与学生,其成员主要包括库利、帕克、杜威、米德等。在传播学领域,芝加哥学派尽管并不为建立传播学学科体系的施拉姆所推崇,但其宏大的理论研究成果及质化研究的方法传统对于传播学的学科构建及后来的理论研究都产生了深远的影响。 相似文献
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在传播学的"西学东渐"过程中,批判学派和经验学派其实有着两种不同的引进路径,而且批判学派内部不同理论范式的引进也遭遇了不同的境遇。本文拟对照经验学派的西学东渐史讨论批判学派的引入过程及遇到的问题,为批判学派的本土化发展和自主性创造提供借鉴。 相似文献
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批判学派在中国:以传播符号学为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文回顾了2000年前批判学派在以美国式经验主义传统为主体的我国传播研究中的崛起与发展,并对2000年后批判学派尤其是传播符号学研究在我国的学术成果进行了论列和归纳。在对这些成果进行分析的基础上,作者认为传播符号学的研究在我国新闻传播学领域基本形成两种取向:本体论取向与方法论取向。作者提出,传播符号学总体上属于传播研究的基础理论与研究方法;它具有社会学所谓中观理论的特征,从而有别于经验传播学的微观考究和批判传播学的宏观叙事。最后,作者就未来一段时间内的传播符号学研究课题提出了建议。 相似文献
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In the present study, the relationship between public speaking procrastination and communication apprehension, and the relationship between public speaking procrastination and self‐perceived public speaking competence were investigated. A significant, positive correlation was found between public speaking procrastination and communication apprehension. A significant, negative correlation was found between public speaking procrastination and self‐perceived public speaking competence. The implications of public speaking procrastination for students and their instructors are discussed along with “anti‐procrastination “ pedagogical strategies. 相似文献
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Maili Pörhölä 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(3):367-384
This study focuses on the public speaking state responses among 47 Finnish subjects. Cognitive, behavioral, and physiological components of stale‐responses were investigated in relation to speakers’ trait communication anxiety and amount of previous experience speaking in public. Trait communication anxiety was found to correlate significantly with the cognitive aspect of state response, whereas amount of previous experience was found to be reflected in subjects’ heart rates. Characteristics of the Finnish speech culture and educational system are discussed when interpreting the results. 相似文献
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The present study considers the relationships between communication apprehension (CA), personality type, represented by the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) (Myers, 1987), and final grades in a basic public speaking course. The results indicated that trait and context CA are significantly correlated with extraversion and in introversion personality types. In addition, CA in the public speaking context is correlated with the sensing and intuition personality types. Multiple regression showed that while trait CA does not contribute to course grade or grade‐point average, thinking and feeling personality types do contribute significant unique variance to final grade in a public speaking course. Keywords: Communication apprehension, speech anxiety, personality, grades, college students, learning preference. 相似文献
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Round-robin presentations: Increasing opportunities for public speaking in large lectures and beyond
Courses: Large-lecture; public speaking, business, professional, and technical communication; sales and marketing courses; courses with team-based projects
Objectives: To provide opportunities to develop public speaking skills, especially in large-lecture courses; to improve public speaking endurance; to improve students’ abilities to give concise and focused presentations; to reduce public speaking anxiety. 相似文献
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Todd T. Holm 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(1):66-76
While cheating has been studied in a variety of academic fields little to no research has been done in the field of communication studies and more specifically in the basic public speaking classroom. This may be due in part to a false sense of security public speaking instructors feel when they observe and evaluate a student as he or she stands and delivers a speech. Instructors may assume that since the student delivers the speech the student also researched and wrote the speech. However, the results of this study indicate that students self‐report cheating on speeches and do not seem to have a clear‐cut idea about what constitutes cheating in a public speaking class. 相似文献
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认为网络舆情信息因其传播模式的网状化、传播内容的开放化、传播主体的隐匿化以及传播手段的个性化等显著特征,使得经典的传播效果理论受到了巨大冲击和挑战。尤其是“把关人”、“议程设置”、“沉默的螺旋”与“使用和满足”等理论所强调的观点或假说,在网络舆情信息传播实践中,有的得到了印证和加强,而有的出现了背离和不适应。文章试图重新审视和构建新的理论体系,使之与网络舆情信息传播相适应。 相似文献
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Joe Ayres 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(1):76-83
This study examines the relationship between communication apprehension (CA) and students’ self‐reports of their communication experiences in interpersonal, small group, and public circumstances with peers, parents, and teachers. Questions concerning these experiences were posed from reinforcement, modeling, and social comparison perspectives. The strongest relationships were found between CA and reinforcement oriented questions that involved teachers in public speaking settings. Those with high CA found giving speeches with teachers present to be non‐rewarding The study also found support for a relationship between modeling and CA. 相似文献
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The study examined the effect of situational demands on arousal in public speaking, small group, and dyadic contexts. Heart rate level of nine university students varied significantly according to the demands of the context. The nature of the context was also reflected in subjects’ heart rate variation. The advantages of expanding the physiological communication research in various communication contexts were discussed. 相似文献
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媒体是否能促进民主、怎样的媒体才能促进民主,这样的问题作为政治传播宏观效果研究的核心问题是当代中国政治传播的研究重点。经典自由主义理论和"公共领域"理论是西方政治传播学在该问题上的两大最重要的理论资源,本文对其进行批判式评析,以期对当代中国的政治传播宏观效果研究有所启示。 相似文献
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本文通过对2006年度学术期刊的回顾分析,从媒介形态、新闻理论、传播学、网络传播、新闻史、广播电视等六个方面综述了2006年国内新闻传播研究的进展。 相似文献