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1.
Immediacy,humor, power distance,and classroom communication apprehension in Chinese college classrooms 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Qin Zhang 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(1):109-124
This study investigates classroom communication apprehension in Chinese college classrooms in reference to perceived instructor verbal and nonverbal immediacy and humor orientation, and student individual-level power distance. Results of Pearson correlation indicate that both student individual-level power distance and student perceptions of instructor humor orientation are correlated positively and significantly with classroom communication apprehension, but multiple regression analyses suggest that student individual-level power distance is the only effective predictor of classroom communication apprehension. Perceived instructor verbal and nonverbal immediacy are not associated significantly with classroom communication apprehension. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are addressed. 相似文献
2.
This study investigated how student characteristics predict the nature of girls' and boys' verbal interactions with their teachers in physics classes. The sample included (N = 1378) students from 81 randomly selected high-school physics classrooms in Germany and the German-speaking part of Switzerland. At the beginning of the school year, the following student characteristics were assessed: cognitive abilities, pre-knowledge, self-concept, and interest. Each student was classified as having one of five profiles previously identified by Seidel (2006). Classroom instruction was videotaped four months after student characteristics were assessed. The videotaped classroom interactions were coded and analyzed with respect to the students' profiles. Multilevel analysis indicated the highest amount of verbal engagement for girls and boys with high-level cognitive and motivational-affective characteristics. There are significant interactions between student profile and gender for girls with high-level characteristics. We argue that the interaction between gender and other characteristics is a valuable predictor of verbal engagement in physics instruction. 相似文献
3.
Mustafa Sami Topcu 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2011,34(1):99-125
The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships among Turkish elementary student teachers’ epistemological beliefs and moral reasoning, and to determine which types of epistemological beliefs elementary student teachers exhibit. The findings of the present study demonstrated that epistemological beliefs did not make a unique contribution to moral reasoning and student teachers’ epistemological beliefs developed as more or less independent beliefs. The factor analyses results suggest that multidimensional theory is more appropriate than unidimensional theory in explaining student teachers’ epistemological beliefs. 相似文献
4.
Gay-Straight Alliances or Gender and Sexuality Alliances (GSAs) are school clubs that address LGBTQ issues. Although little is known about potential benefits of participation in GSAs, there is some evidence that they may generally benefit LGBTQ student well-being and academic achievement. However, some literature suggests GSAs may not meet the needs of LGBTQ students of color. The current study explores whether GSA participation is related to psychosocial well-being, whether GSA participation moderates the relationship between victimization based on sexual orientation and well-being, and whether these relationships differ by race/ethnicity. The sample included 11,164 LGBTQ secondary school students who have a GSA at their school, and who reported on GSA participation, verbal harassment based on sexual orientation, and psychosocial indicators (depression, self-esteem, and school belonging). Participation in GSAs was related to greater school belonging, but was not related to self-esteem and depression. The associations between GSA participation and verbal harassment based on sexual orientation on psychosocial well-being did not differ by race/ethnicity. The findings provide an important first step in re-thinking and re-examining how GSA participation may be helpful for LGBTQ students. Implications for school policy and practices are discussed. 相似文献
5.
To support individual learning, teachers have to accurately judge student characteristics such as pre-achievement and self-concept of ability as pre-requisites for learning (Corno, 2008). This study investigated whether teacher judgment accuracy in interplay with student characteristics was predictive for verbal teacher-student interactions. A video study of NS = 348 students in NC = 18 mathematics classrooms was conducted. Multilevel analyses showed that student self-concept was predictive of verbal teacher-student interactions. In addition, adaptive teacher questions were observed for students with lower pre-achievement. Conclusions with regard to adaptive functions of teacher judgment accuracy in the process of teaching are drawn. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of orientation programs on student academic and social learning.
Moving beyond previous studies, we examined how participation in orientation programming affected student learning and how
the impact of these programs on learning varied by organizational characteristics (i.e., institutional control, size of undergraduate
enrollment, sponsoring division, and whether the institution has an office designated for managing orientation programs),
student entry characteristics (i.e., gender, race, transfer status), and student experiences (i.e., perceived quality of orientation
program in helping student transition and in meeting students’ expectations, positive experiences with orientation staff,
and perceptions of orientation programs and their efficacy in helping students navigate resources and in providing useful
campus-based information). Hierarchical linear analysis was used to analyze these cross-level effects. Results demonstrated
that having a designated office for orientation programs on campus was important for narrowing the academic learning gap between
new-first year and transfer students. Implications for researchers and practitioners were discussed. 相似文献
7.
Ken R. Lodewyk 《教育心理学》2007,27(3):307-327
Students with differing profiles of epistemological beliefs—their beliefs about personal epistemology, intelligence, and learning—vary in thinking, reasoning, motivation, and use of strategies while working on academic tasks, each of which affect learning. This study examined students’ epistemological beliefs according to gender, school orientation, overall academic achievement, and performance on two differently structured academic tasks. Epistemological beliefs in fixed and quick ability to learn, simple knowledge, and certain knowledge differed significantly as a function of gender, school orientation, and levels of academic achievement. These beliefs, particularly the belief in simple knowledge, significantly predicted overall performance and reflective judgment scores on the ill‐structured task but not on the well‐structured task. Implications concerning the relations among epistemological beliefs, reflective judgment, gender, school orientation, task structure, and achievement are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Anita E. Woolfolk Karen S. Garlinsky Mark J. Nicolich 《Contemporary educational psychology》1977,2(2):124-132
The effects of systematically varied teacher verbal and nonverbal evaluative behavior upon student willingness to self-disclose were studied within an experimental microlesson. Subjects were 126 sixth-grade students who were removed from their classrooms to participate in a vocabulary lesson with one of the four experimental teachers (two male and two female). Within each experimental condition, the teacher employed one of four evaluative styles: (1) verbally and nonverbally positive, (2) verbally positive and nonverbally negative, (3) verbally negative and nonverbally positive, or (4) verbally and nonverbally negative. The data analysis indicated that teachers' verbal behavior influenced self-disclosure. The magnitude of student self-disclosure scores was a direct function of the positiveness of teacher verbal behavior. Nonverbal behavior also influenced self-disclosure, interacting with student sex. This effect varied across individual teachers, however, and no consistent pattern was evident. 相似文献
9.
Christine Brew 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(1):15-32
This paper is work in progress on the integration of two epistemological theories to explore the transformational process of further education for women returning to study mathematics in Melbourne, Australia. In this context, the literature reports that women commonly have a perceived need for procedural over relational understanding consistent with their belief that mathematics is absolute and infallible. The teaching philosophy adopted to shift this orientation usually draws on and values the women's own experiences and promotes a collaborative classroom environment. While success stories in these teaching contexts highlight the increased confidence of women, the nature of their epistemological assumptions and whether these shift to promote more complex ways of mathematical knowing have received little attention. The two epistemological models of Baxter Magolda (1992) and Belenky et al. (1997) have been tentatively integrated for the purpose of providing an epistemological framework to analyse the experiences of women in the further education sector returning to study mathematics. 相似文献
10.
11.
Savas Pamuk Semra Sungur Ceren Oztekin 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2017,15(8):1423-1440
This study adopted a cross-sectional and correlational research design in an attempt to add our understanding of student- and teacher-level factors that help explain variability in students’ science achievement to the existing literature. More specifically, the present article examined students’ science achievement in relation to their constructivist learning environment perceptions, epistemological beliefs, and self-regulation as well as their science teachers’ characteristics. Data were gathered from both 137 science teachers and their 3281 seventh grade students via administering self-report questionnaires. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis was conducted to analyze the two-level data (student level and teacher level). Students’ learning environment perceptions, epistemological beliefs, achievement goals, and self-regulation constituted student-level data while teachers’ self-efficacy, achievement goals, and epistemological beliefs constituted teacher-level data. The findings indicated that students’ constructivist learning environment perceptions were significant predictors of their science achievement. Additionally, students with sophisticated epistemological beliefs appeared to be more successful in science. Also, performance avoidance goals were negatively related to science achievement. Among teacher-level variables, teachers’ self-efficacy and sophisticated epistemological beliefs were found to be positively linked to students’ science achievement. 相似文献
12.
Lennart Svensson 《高等教育研究与发展》1997,16(2):159-171
In this article the concepts of research tradition, research programme, research tool and research orientation are used to clarify the character of phenomenography. Phenomenography is said to be fundamentally a research orientation and to be characterised by the delimitation of an aim in relation to a kind of object. The aim is to describe and the kind of object is a conception. Phenomenographic research also has common characteristics of method of a general kind related to the orientation and these are called a research approach. The orientation and approach together are said to represent a research specialisation. The historical roots and the ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions of this research specialisation are described and summarised. Lastly, phenomenography is described as a reaction against and an alternative to dominant positivistic, behaviouristic and quantitative research and as making its own ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions with inspiration from, and similarities to, several older and concomitant traditions, without agreeing entirely with any of those. 相似文献
13.
Chuan-Ju Lin Pi-Hsia Hung Su-Wei Lin Bor-Hung Lin Fou-Lai Lin 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2009,7(3):551-573
The teaching and learning of mathematics in schools has drawn tremendous attention since the education reform in Taiwan. In
addition to assessing cognitive abilities, Taiwan Assessment of Student Achievement in Mathematics (TASA-MAT) collects background
information to help depict average student achievement in schools in an educational context. The purpose of this study was
to investigate the relationships between student achievement in mathematics and student background characteristics. The data
for this study was derived from the sample for the 2005 TASA-MAT Sixth-Grade Main Survey in Taiwan. The average age of the
sixth-grade students in Taiwan is 11 years old, as was the sample for the 2005 TASA-MAT. Student socioeconomic status (SES)
and student learning-goal orientation were specified as predictor variables of student performance in mathematics. The results
indicate that the better performance in mathematics tended to be associated with a higher SES and stronger mastery goal orientation.
The SES factor accounted for 4.98% of the variance, and student learning-goal orientation accounted for an additional 10.61%
of the variance. The major implication obtained from this study was that goal orientation was much more significant than SES
in predicting student performance in mathematics. In addition, the Rasch model treatment of the ordinal response-category
data is a novel approach to scoring the goal-orientation items, with the corresponding results in this study being satisfactory. 相似文献
14.
Promoting student epistemological development is seen as a goal of higher education. Further, the epistemological beliefs of instructors have been shown to affect their teaching beliefs and behaviors. Some argue that only when instructors are epistemologically advanced will they be able to engage in pedagogical activities that encourage student epistemological development. This study examines the impact of the design of constructivist learning environments on university instructors’ epistemological belief systems. Constructivist learning environments are technology-based environments that present learners with authentic problems, that are supported by cases similar to the problem being posed, and learning-support strategies such as modeling, coaching, and scaffolding. Instructors’ epistemologies might be impacted by engaging in constructivist learning environment design because the process requires instructors to think about their discipline in non-traditional ways. Results of this qualitative inquiry suggests that instructors who are in a zone of ‘readiness’ for intellectual growth could experience epistemological growth from this experience. 相似文献
15.
The research questions addressed in this study were: what types of epistemological beliefs do elementary students have; what
types of metacognition do elementary students have; and what are the relationships among students’ perceived characteristics
of constructivist learning environment, metacognition, and epistemological beliefs. A total of 626 students enrolled in sixth,
seventh, and eight grades of nine elementary public schools located in Ankara, Turkey constituted the participants of this
study. Constructivist learning environment survey (CLES), Junior metacognitive awareness inventory (Jr. MAI), and Schommer
epistemological belief questionnaire (EB) were administered to students. Factor Analysis of Jr. MAI revealed both knowledge
of cognition and regulation of cognition items were loaded into one factor. Confirmatory factor analysis of EB revealed a
four factor structure namely innate ability, quick learning, omniscient authority, and certain knowledge. Regression analyses
revealed that metacognition and omniscient authority were significant predictors of personal relevance dimension of CLES.
Metacognition was found as the only predictor of the student negotiation. Innate ability and metacognition significantly contributed
to uncertainty. This study revealed that the elementary students with different mastery levels hold different epistemological
beliefs and multi-faceted nature of elementary school students’ metacognition was seemed to be supported with this study.
It was found that metacognition contributed to model more than epistemological beliefs for all three dimensions of CLES. 相似文献
16.
Maribeth Gettinger 《Contemporary educational psychology》1983,8(4):391-402
Ninety-eight children were observed for 6-min periods on each of 10 days during 50-min, small-group classes in either mathematics, science, geography, or language usage. Two student behaviors (on-task behavior and accuracy of responding to teacher-directed questions) and three types of teacher reinforcement (verbal reinforcement for on-task behavior and accurate responding and tangible reinforcers) were coded during each observation period. A post-test of achievement, directly related to the content of the lessons, was administered at the end of the 10 days of instruction. The causal effects of student behaviors, teacher reinforcement, and student ability (reading achievement and intelligence) on achievement were evaluated using path analysis. The strongest effects were from student ability measures, with accurate responding by students and teacher reinforcement of accurate responding exhibiting smaller, but significant effects. Findings are discussed to qualify the relationship between overt classroom behaviors and degree of learning and the mediating effects of student ability. 相似文献
17.
Yuhao Cen 《Teaching in Higher Education》2018,23(1):30-46
Teaching and learning in higher education can integrate and accomplish student developmental goals in addition to promoting student learning of subject matter knowledge and transferrable skills. Drawn from the theoretical concept of self-authorship, the Learning Partnerships Model was implemented in teaching a graduate-level course on social research methodology. This paper describes the conceptualization and implementation of the developmentally attuned course, and reports a qualitative study that examined student development as its result. Qualitative data were collected from five cohorts of course participants, in the forms of reflective essays, student interviews, and the instructor’s teaching journal. Seven themes were identified that reflected student development throughout the course. The seven themes fall into three dimensions of epistemological, intrapersonal, and interpersonal development that are interconnected, and the epistemological dimension stands out as a strong partner among the three. These findings may help university faculty understand and integrate student development into their teaching practices. 相似文献
18.
Carol A. Carrier Richard E. Clark 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1978,26(4):329-336
Research on the relationship between learner aptitudes and presentation modes has taken several approaches — and raised a
number of questions. This study sought to clarify the relationships between modes of presentation (verbal vs. spatial), explicitness
of presentation (little or much), and student aptitudes (verbal vs. spatial). Explicit guidance clearly was helpful in teaching
the fourth-grade subjects, regardless of type of aptitude, how to compute surface areas of two- and three-dimensional objects.
The relationship between mode of presentation and aptitude was less clear. The authors discuss their findings at length and
suggest several areas for future aptitude-treatment-interaction research. 相似文献
19.
James D. Klein Doris R. Pridemore 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1994,42(4):41-54
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of orienting activities and type of practice on achievement, continuing
motivation, and student behaviors in a cooperative learning environment. Eighty graduate education majors were assigned to
cooperative groups and required to learn instructional design principles from three instructional television lessons. Each
lesson included specific orienting activities (advance organizers or objectives) and different types of practice (verbal information
or intellectual skills). Results indicated that subjects who worked in groups that received intellectual skills practice performed
better on the application portion of the posttest than those who received verbal information practice. Knowledge acquisition
and student behaviors were affected by a combination of type of practice and orienting activity. Groups that received intellectual
skills practice discussed more content, gave more help to their fellow group members, and exhibited less individual behavior
than groups that received verbal information practice. Groups given objectives discussed significantly more content than groups
given advance organizers.
The authors wish to thank Steven Ross and the reviewers ofETR&D for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. 相似文献