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1.
George N. Kioussis 《Soccer & Society》2018,19(2):288-300
As the German national team prepared for their Round of 16 match in Bloemfontein at the 2010 World Cup, observers noted a different ‘look’. In the words of one Times (London) reporter, ‘Joachim Löw’s side, with their youth and ethnic diversity, are far from “typical Germans”’. This paper examines the reaction of the English ‘quality’ daily press to a less ‘homogenous’ German team at South Africa ’10. It argues that the changing cultural make-up of the Nationalmannschaft prompted journalists to revisit a narrative that traditionally emphasized power, efficiency and confidence. Whilst these clichés were not written out of the media discourse, they were complemented by a new emphasis on illumination and artistry. 相似文献
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Fußball is the most popular sport in Germany. The reasons for this extraordinary status and success of association football in Germany are complex. In this article, answers are searched for in the context of the historical development of German society. After a review of the recent development of German football and football historiography, the paper focuses on two issues relating to the origins of German football. These are the transformation of football in the then dominant body culture of gymnastics, and secondly its impact on the German process of nation-building. Both processes are not only linked, but also related to the concept of manliness in German sport and society. This is the reason why women’s football in Germany was not accepted until the late 1960s in German society—and British as well. 相似文献
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Udo Merkel 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(15):1810-1822
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London with 51 athletes. They won a total of six medals and finished 20th in the overall medal table. However, most observers of the London 2012 Olympics will not remember North Korea's athletic successes but the flag blunder that kicked the Games off with a diplomatic row. On the first day, the South Korean flag was accidentally displayed next to the faces of the North Korean women's football team on the stadium's huge screen. Although there have been several flag controversies and blunders in the context of the Olympic Games, this incident must be considered as one of the most embarrassing and high-profile as, technically, North and South Korea are still at war having signed only an armistice at the end of the Korean War in 1953. This paper deals with three interrelated issues: first, it outlines the development of inter-Korean political and sporting relations since the 2008 Beijing Olympics before, second, it focuses on the political significance of the 2012 London Games. Third, it summarises key themes and ideological messages emerging from a qualitative analysis of the state-controlled North Korean media coverage of the 2012 Olympics. The Korean Central News Agency appears to pursue a dual strategy: it aims to increase the popularity of outstanding North Korean athletes and create home-grown stars, and also attempts to encourage an alternative discourse about the country abroad. All these issues need to be analysed in wider context of significant political changes in both Koreas, particularly in the North, where Kim Jong-un, who came to power in December 2011, has started to carve out a distinct identity and forge his own leadership style. 相似文献
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The Brit Maccabim Atid sport club was founded by immigrants from Germany who came to Palestine during the 1930s. The circumstances surrounding this organisation’s establishment differed from those of the sports organisations operating in Palestine until then. We consider sports culture as a tool for analysing immigrant absorption processes. Our discussion is based on the claim that sports served as a means of social integration for German Jews. In Palestine, sports served as an arena of conflict between the political camps in the Jewish settlement. In response to this political reality, immigrants from Central Europe began organising to establish separate sports clubs along political and ethnic lines, thus responding to the needs of immigrants identifying with German cultural circles. Brit Maccabim Atid constitutes a test case for the social and cultural changes in the meaning of sports in the move from one country to another. The paper describes two sociological models, each of which examines the impact of involvement in sports on the extent to which immigrants become integrated into society. Our findings indicate that sports participation in an immigrant society can be a unifying and assimilative factor and at the same time a segregating factor. 相似文献
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The 2012 UEFA European Football Championship (‘Euro 2012’) – Europe’s quadrennial football bonanza was held in Poland and the Ukraine between June 8th and July 1st. Occurring between Elizabeth II’s Diamond jubilee and the London 2012 Olympic Games, the eyes of the media were fixated on the pride and joy of English football, its men’s national team. With national consciousness at an all-time high, articles in England’s tabloid, ‘red-top,’ daily national newspapers The Sun and Daily Mirror were tracked for three weeks as they lavished their attentions on the national pastime. Their coverage of the English team reflected a heightened consciousness of English national identity. Drawing on Guibernau’s strategies for creating and uniting citizens around a collective national identity, this study examined how England’s popular media presented and represented England’s national identity to reflect the real and imagined versions of Englishness during this major sporting event.1 By focusing on The Sun and Daily Mirror’s narratives about, and images of, the English team during the Euro 2012 tournament, this paper focuses on how English national identity ebbed and flowed during a time of seismic change within the country. Shaped by an inductive textual analysis, this paper shows how the press fluctuated between optimistic notions of the present and future English national identity and traditional ‘olde England’ in an almost formulaic fashion. 相似文献
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Ansgar Molzberger 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(12):1478-1488
The German re-entry into the Olympic Movement after the Second World War took place at the 1952 Olympic Winter Games in Oslo – the capital of a country which had been occupied by Nazi Germany from 1940 to 1945. The wounds of war had by no means healed in Norway at the time of the Oslo event; thus, the 1952 Olympic Games became once more a political issue. In fact, prior to the event, the question of German participation had given rise to numerous discussions between Norway, the Federal Republic of Germany and the IOC. Therefore, the West German ‘Return to Olympia’ was a process which took two years and required patience and diplomatic tact. The objective of this article is to trace this process both from the Norwegian and German perspectives since the research results on the subject available to date emphasised either a Norwegian or a German perspective. This approach also seems interesting against the historical background of the onset of the Cold War. 相似文献
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联邦德国体育管理体制及其特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
联邦德国的基本法规定了联邦德国是民主制、法制福利和联邦制的国家。其体育体制也与国家体制相适应，它表现出以下特征：民间和社会办体育，并实行自治，政府只扮演协助的角色并在一些方面不成文地承担一些体育经费；各不同层次和不同部门的管理机构依据基本法规定的职权范围秩序参与体育管理，责、权、利明确；俱乐部是体育管理的最基层组织，也是体育运动的具体承办者，其成员数以每年８％的速度递增；各管理机构的管理人员以业余兼职为原则，以志愿奉献为信条；管理人员选举产生，以议宪制为形式；自下而上建构组织，再从上而下实施管理。从而使体育充分发挥了它的“闲暇价值、健康价值、休养价值、教育价值和社会价值”。 相似文献
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Henk Erik Meier Till Utesch Charlotte Raue Christina Uhlenbrock Nabila Chababi Bernd Strauss 《Sport in Society》2019,22(3):476-498
It is commonly assumed that sport plays an important role for national identity. However, empirical research has primarily focused on sport’s role for emotional-affectice rather than cognitive aspects of national identity. Therefore, research presented here explores whether identification with the German national soccer team serves to reinforce ethnic or civic conceptions of national identity. Analyses of a unique dataset conducted during the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016?EURO show that national team identification is an important determinant of national pride and national belonging. Respondents who identify with the national soccer team can adhere to different conceptions of national identity. It seems that national pride and affection as well as conceptions of national identity represent stable attitudes not affected by the success of the national team. Further research should improve conceptual clarity and measurement. 相似文献
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赵凡 《体育科技文献通报》2021,(2):133-135
在以往举办的八届国际足联女子世界杯比赛中共有4个国家曾夺得过女足世界杯的冠军,分别为美国女足、德国女足、日本女足和挪威女足球,其中美国女足4次夺冠、德国女足2次夺冠、日本女足和挪威女子足球队各1次夺冠.选取具有代表性的3支女足世界杯夺冠球队美国队、德国队和日本队进行分析,找出球队夺冠致胜因素,从而为我国女足事业发展提供前进方向。 相似文献
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Danyel Reiche 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(5):448-467
AbstractThe Lebanese Rugby League was formed in 1997 in Sydney when a team comprised of Australian-based players of Lebanese descent participated in an international tournament. The Lebanese national team later qualified for two rugby league men’s World Cups (2000 and 2017). The case demonstrates how diasporas can shape sport development. The accomplishment of the Lebanese team has also given the small country some exposure at the global level. Additionally, since 2002, a new sport has been established in Lebanon, making the country one of the few cases in the world where rugby league is more popular than rugby union. This paper examines diaspora issues including the assimilation of Lebanese emigrants into Australian sporting culture and strategic uses of citizenship. Furthermore, the research sheds light on the ‘glocalized’ development of rugby league in Lebanon by its establishment at private Lebanese universities while it is known in Australia for its working-class origins. There is a relationship of mutual dependence between diaspora and homeland: without its diaspora, Lebanon could not participate in the World Cup, and without domestic development in the sport (which includes, since 2015, also women’s teams), the diaspora would not be permitted to participate in global championships. 相似文献
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Alex Law 《Soccer & Society》2014,15(2):203-221
By the time of Euro 2012, deepening tensions of nationalism and internal social struggles were developing across Europe in worsening conditions of systemic crisis. The official football ideology of UEFA conceives Euro 2012 as a civilizing platform for mutual respect and brotherhood between competing nations. In contrast, what I call Hyper-Critical Theory conceives of football competitions like Euro 2012 as part of a de-civilising ‘sports mode of production’ that necessarily produces crisis conditions, alienation and violence on a mass scale, fostering nationalism, militarism and racism. Between these polar perspectives, the figurational sociology of sport associated with Norbert Elias proposes that major international football competitions like Euro 2012 creates and dissipates contingent tensions of ‘group charisma’ and ‘group disgrace’. Study of Euronews ‘post-national’ coverage of Euro 2012 allows their explanatory adequacy to be compared. In a competition structure like the Euros no social group – players, officials, media or fans – is able to disregard entirely the field capabilities of the ‘best minority of 11’ in the serious game of exemplifying the group charisma of nations. 相似文献
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第12届欧洲杯足球赛进攻战术运用的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对第12届欧洲杯足球赛各相关技术数据进行统计分析,并对比第11届欧洲杯足球赛及第17届世界杯足球赛的有关资料统计,探讨现代足球比赛中进攻战术运用的基本特征。结果表明:本届杯赛以整体攻防、快速攻防为主要特征,进攻的效率决定比赛的胜负;边路进攻、定位球战术突显威力,特别是角球战术倍受重视,反映了未来足球进攻战术发展的趋势。 相似文献
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足球运动员12分钟跑耐力测试及其存在的问题 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过在德国、意大利研究期间学习、观察和交流,采用文献资料法以及在我国足球甲级联赛(A组)任4年体能教练的训练总结和体会,初步总结12分钟跑的目的、意义和局限性.介绍一些德国和巴西体育界、足球界采用的12分钟跑参考评价标准.探讨12分钟跑存在的一些问题以及以12分钟跑作为训练控制手段的应用方法. 相似文献
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C. Albrecht A. Hanssen-Doose K. Bös L. Schlenker S. Schmidt M. Wagner N. Will A. Worth 《Sportwissenschaft》2016,46(4):294-304
Motor performance is an important health resource. Review articles revealed a decline of motor performance of approximately 10?% between 1975 and 2006. In the past most of the data available for such comparisons came from ad hoc studies with non-standardized methods. Within the framework of the ”Motorik-Modul“ (MoMo) study as part of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), it is possible for the first time to directly compare two cohorts in the ages of 4–17 years in a nationally representative database for Germany. The aim of this article is to report changes in motor performance of children and adolescents in the time period 2003–2006 (cohort baseline n = 4528) compared to 2009–2012 (cohort wave 1, n = 2820). Overall, it is clearly shown that the motor performance of children and adolescents in Germany did not decrease within the observational period of 6 years. The comparison of mean values of the baseline cohort compared to those of wave 1 showed that 28 out of 52 mean values of the two cohorts with a high probability did not differ based on 95?% confidence intervals (CI). In 24 out of the 52 mean values positive changes could be noted based on the individual 95?% CI values. There were more positive changes in primary school aged children than in other age groups. Within these positive changes, most effect sizes were small to medium. The results indicate that recent activities aiming at elevating motor performance levels may have started to make an impact and should be expanded, also in secondary schools. The comparative cohort study presented in this article is currently being checked by the ongoing MoMo wave 2 survey of 2014–2017. 相似文献
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Hikabwa D. Chipande 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(15):1847-1865
AbstractThis paper explores multiple and complex relationships between football (soccer), politics, and the economy in postcolonial Zambia. Based on archival and oral sources collected in Zambia, the paper argues that President Frederick Chiluba’s government failed to support football development when it came into power in 1991 because it was elected on a platform of liberalizing the collapsing national economy. Chiluba privatized state-owned companies that were sponsoring the game resulting in the plummeting of the local standards and migration of talented footballers abroad in search of better livelihoods. Furthermore, the paper argues that while the exodus of talented footballers led to the deterioration of the standards of the local league, their transnational experience boosted the performance of the Zambia national football team. This led to the emergence of one of the best national teams the country has ever had. Unfortunately, this particular team perished in the Gabon air disaster in 1993 following the government’s disinvestment in the game. However, a few months after the disaster, the country managed to rebuild a national football team, which emerged as runners up to Nigeria in the 1994 African Cup of Nations final as a result of a large pool of local and foreign-based football players. 相似文献
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奥运举办国体育保险市场制度体系发展模式及对后奥运时代我国的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立和完善后奥运时代我国体育保险市场制度体系是体育可持续发展的重要课题.运用文献资料调研、网络检索、专家访谈、比较和逻辑分析等方法,对美、英、德奥运举办国体育保险市场制度体系发展模式及对后奥运时代我国的启示进行了初步探讨,研究表明:举办过奥运会的美国、英国和德国都有成功的体育保险市场制度体系发展模式,但由于这3个奥运会举办国的社会、经济、文化和保险制度的不同,美国、英国和德国的体育保险市场制度体系发展模式各有不同特点.美、英、德奥运举办国先进的体育保险市场制度体系发展模式对后奥运时代我国体育保险市场制度体系发展模式的建立和完善具有重要的借鉴价值和现实意义. 相似文献
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Peter Kennedy 《Soccer & Society》2014,15(2):272-289
This paper analyses media coverage of the England football team in the run up to Euro 2012. The study also describes the dominant discourse of ‘low expectations’ underpinning media representations of England and considers various reasons for this. Short-term factors are considered, including the resignation of the England manager, the intra-team tensions arising from racism, along with longer-term factors, including the perceived constraints placed on the England national team’s development by the English Premier League. While these factors are important, they cannot alone, or even in combination, sufficiently explain why the discourse of ‘low expectations took such a hold over media representations of the England national team. One missing factor is the broader problems facing the economy and society, particularly the preoccupation with ‘austerity’, which has created an aura of low expectations; particularly, the tendency to represent ‘austerity’ as ‘growth’ in a ‘low expectations’ culture. Previous research has demonstrated the links between the fortunes of the wider economy and sentiments surrounding the fate of the English national team. This article takes the opportunity to reconsider these wider links in terms of an elective affinity, arguing that the discourse of ‘low expectations’ haunting the England team in the present period is the manifestation and transference of a more pervasive general lowering of expectations among the media and the political elite, concerning the present and future political economic prospects of economic growth and social prosperity. 相似文献
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从第40届世界体操锦标赛奖牌分布看中国体操未来面临的挑战 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用录像观察与数理统计等方法,对第40届体操世锦赛奖牌的分布情况进行了分析和研究,结果表明：传统体操强国中国和俄罗斯的垄断已成过去,美国、德国迅速崛起,且成绩突出,斯洛文尼亚、荷兰、巴西、韩国、波兰等异军突起,新的竞争格局正在形成;国外选手在技术以及难度上,都逐渐赶上并且超过中国选手。同时对各个单~A--y能遇到的挑战作出总结,以期为中国体操队在各大比赛中再创辉煌提供参考。 相似文献