共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
Flavell提出元认知是认知的认知,即个体对思维活动的自我体验、自我观察、自我监控和自我调节。它包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个部分,元认知知识是有关认知的知识,即关于个人的认知活动以及影响这种认知活动的各种因素的知识;元认知体验是人们在进行认知活动时伴随而生的认知和情感体验;元认知监控是指人们在进行认知活动的过程中,对自身认知活动所进行的积极的、自觉的监视、调节与控制。而元认知能力就是建立在一定的元认知知识 相似文献
2.
元认知（metacognition）这一重要概念最早是由弗拉维尔（Flavell）提出的，他认为元认知是对认知的认知，即个体对思维活动的自我体验、自我观察、自我监控和自我调节。它包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个部分，元认知知识是有关认知的知识，即关于个人的认知活动以及影响这种认知活动的各种因素的知识；元认知体验是人们在进行认知活动时伴随而生的认知和情感体验；元认知监控是指人们在进行认知活动的过程中，对自身认知活动所进行的积极的、自觉的监视、调节与控制。而元认知能力就是在这三种成分相互作用的过程中表现出来的能力，具体的讲就是建立在一定的元认知知识和体验的基础上，对自身的认知活动进行调节和控制的高级能力。 相似文献
3.
浅谈培养元认知能力的意义与途径 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
元认知是近二十年来西方心理学和教育学领域提出的一个新概念。其实质是个人对认知活动和结果的意识，进行自我批评、自我控制、自我调节并得到自我体验；由元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个部分组成。它在教学领域里对开发学生潜力、指导学生学会学习等方面有广阔的应用前景。因而教师应采用具体途径来培养学生的元认知能力。 相似文献
4.
路宁 《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007,(Z1)
元认知的实质是个体对当前认知活动的认知调节,是个体对自己的认知加工过程的自我觉察、自我反省、自我评价与自我调节,它包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个成分。而围棋能够对元认知知识、元认知体验与元认知监控能力的培养起到重要作用。因此,我们理应重视围棋对元认知能力的培养作用。 相似文献
5.
元认知就是关于认知的认知，是个体对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我体验、自我调节和监控。它包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个部分。元认识知识就是有关认知的知识，包括：关于个体的知识，如个人的兴趣、爱好和能力，在这些方面与他人的差异；关于认知任务的知识，如问题中有关信息特点的知识、问题的要求和目的；关于认知策略的知识。元认知体验是指伴随着认知活动而产生的认知体验和情感体验，包括已知的体验和未知的体验。元认知监控是指个体在认知活动过程中不断评价学习过程、适时调整计划并选择适当的方法以保证问题顺利解决的能力。元认知知识、 相似文献
6.
遵循元认知心理规律提高学生的自学能力 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
吴其馥 《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》1996,(6)
组织学生进行自学是提高教学质量的重要方面。遵循元认知规律能够提高学生的自学能力。元认知的结构包括三部分：元认知知识、元认知体验、元认知监控。学生在自学过程中加强对个人认知活动及影响这种认知活动的各种因素的认识，根据学习目标对自己的学习心理和行为不断进行自我监控、自我评价、自我调节，能有效地提高学习效果。 相似文献
7.
试论元认知能力培养的教学策略 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
如何让学生学会学习,学会解决问题,成为一名解决问题的高手,是学校教学的目标之一。影响学生问题解决能力的因素有许多,其中元认知水平是一个重要的因素。一、元认知在问题解决中的作用元认知就是关于认知的认知,是个体对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我体验、自我调节和监控。它包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三个部分。(1)元认知知识就是有关认知的知识。它包括:关于个体的知识,如个人的兴趣、爱好和能力,与他人的差异等;关于认知任务的知识,如问题中有关信息特点的知识、问题的要求和目的;关于认知策略的知识。(2)元认知体验是指… 相似文献
8.
元认知（Metacognition）是指学习者对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我评价和自我调控过程。它包括以下三个方面的内容：元认知知识,是学习者关于自己或他人的认知过程、活动、结果以及相关信息的知识;元认知体验是学习者随着认知活动而产生的一种认知体验或情感体验;元认知监控是学习者为使认知活动达到预定目标而对认知活动所进行的监测和调控。针对以往学生在复习中主动性差、依赖性强的现象,笔者引入元认知的相关理论和训练方法,希望能提高学生的积极主动性,进一步提高复习质量。 相似文献
9.
浅谈学生元认知能力的培养 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
元认知是个体对自己认知的认知,是对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我评价、自我调节和监控。它包括三个方面:一是元认知知识,即关于个体认知活动及影响这种认知活动的各种因素的知识,有个体认知特点的知识及与他人认知特点的差异,还有认知策略方面的知识和认知任务方面的知识。二是元认知体验,即伴随着认知话动而产生的认知体验和情感体验。三是元认知监控,即个体在认知活动过程中,能不断评价学习过程,并能适时地调整计划,选用恰当的方法,以保证学习任务的有效完成。这三个方面互相联系、影响和制约,其核心是元认知监控。元认知不是人天生就有的,而是在长期的学习活动中逐步发展起来的。它在学习领域中包括如下几种能力:会确立学习目标和制定学习计划;善于选择能达到目标的最恰当的学习策 相似文献
10.
元认知是个体以自身认知活动为对象的认知,是对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我体验。元认知包括紧密相关的三个组成部分：元认知知识,即个体关于自己或他人的认识活动、过程、结果及相关信息的知识;元认知体验,即伴随认识活动而产生认知和情感体验;元认知监控,指个体在认知活动的进行过程中,不断监控和评价学习活动,并能根据现实的学习情境而适时地调整学习策略的使用,以保证有效达成学习目标。元认知是激发和促进有效学习的最活跃的因素之一,直接关系到学生学习策略的质量和效率的高低,是决定学习策略教学成败的关键。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
Designing metacognitive activities that focus on both cognitive and social development is a theoretical and practical challenge.
This balanced approach to metacognition concerns itself with many aspects of student development, ranging from academic competence
to knowledge about the self-as-learner. In this article, I examine two basic approaches to supporting metacognition: (a) strategy
training and (b) creation of a supprotive social environment for metacognition. There are also two kinds of content that are
taught using these two approaches: (a) knowledge about a specific domain and (b) knowledge about the self-as-learner. These
approaches and contents have been used frequently in metacognitive interventions over the past two decades. Each offers unique
contributions to metacognitive development. However, programs that address these approaches and contents simultaneously are
rare. Maintaining the coordination, on one hand, between strategy training and creating social supports, and on the other
hand, between knowledge about the subject domain and knowledge about the self-as-learner, is a challenge for most design efforts
in metacognition. Future design issues include: (a) developing a system approach to promote coordination among these approaches
and contents; and (b) finding ways to build knowledge about the self-as-learner.
The preparation of this article was made possible by the National Academy of Education/Spencer postdoctoral fellowship, and
Small Spencer grant. The opinions expressed in the article do not necessarily reflect those of the granting agency. The author
is indebted to her colleagues, John Bransford and Dan Schwartz, for in-depth discussions about metacognitive research literature,
and is grateful for the great insights offered by Allan Collins and Barbara McCombs. Thanks also to three anonymous reviewers
for their thoughtful comments on an earlier version of this article. 相似文献
15.
Searching the Web to learn about a controversial topic: are students epistemically active? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Students are making an increased use of the Web as a source for solving information problems for academic assignments. To
extend current research about search behavior during navigation on the Web, this study examined whether students are able
to spontaneously reflect, from an epistemic perspective, on the information accessed, and whether their epistemic metacognition
is related to individual characteristics, such as prior knowledge of the topic and the need for cognition. In addition, we
investigated whether Internet-based learning is influenced by the activation of spontaneous epistemic metacognition in the
search context. Forty-six psychology and engineering university students were asked to research information about a controversial
subject in order to write an essay. They were also asked to think aloud during their research. Both qualitative and quantitative
analyses were performed. As revealed by their spontaneous reflections, all participants were epistemically active, although
to different extents and levels. As expected, there was evidence that students activated beliefs about the four epistemic
dimensions identified in the literature, especially about the credibility of an electronic source and the criteria for justification
of knowledge. Prior knowledge was not related to activation of epistemic beliefs in the search context, while the need for
cognition significantly associated with aspects of source and its content evaluation. Two patterns of epistemic metacognition
were identified and they significantly influenced Internet-based learning. Students who spontaneously generated more sophisticated
reflections about the sources as well as the information provided, outperformed students who were active only at the first
epistemic level. Educational implications are drawn. 相似文献
16.
17.
Petros Georghiades 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):365-383
This paper discusses the notion of metacognition, which is usually defined as ‘cognitions about cognitions’, or ‘thinking about one's own thinking’. In so doing, it reviews the literature on metacognition over the past three decades, listing different definitions of the term and identifying diverse origins of processes metacognitive. Aspects of the nature of metacognition are discussed, highlighting some of its important yet problematic dimensions, and the potentially positive impact metacognition can have on the learning process is addressed. The paper also relates metacognition to the broader area of general thinking skills and discusses the appropriateness of practising metacognition with primary school children. The paper concludes with a synopsis of research in the outcomes of metacognition, in general, and in science education, in particular, highlighting recent interest in blending metacognitive thinking with science subject matter. Directions for research in science education with an interest in metacognition are also proposed. 相似文献
18.
靳小瑞 《沈阳教育学院学报》2006,8(4):64-67
对幼儿元认知的三个方面（元记忆、元模仿、认知策略），幼儿元认知水平低所具有的价值，幼儿元认知的研究方法、训练培养方法等几个方面的部分研究成果作一综述，并对存在的问题及前景提出了一些建议。 相似文献
19.
Although self-assessing one's knowledge is an integral part of a teacher's professional development, little is known about the accuracy of teacher candidates' self-assessments. In particular, not much attention has been paid to their self-assessment accuracy assessed on an individual level. Using measures from research on metacognition, we investigated the accuracy and bias of 513 mathematics teacher candidates who were tested in and self-assessed their professional knowledge in the three core domains of mathematical content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. In addition, we examined the consistency of self-assessment accuracy across the three knowledge domains and its relation to personal characteristics such as cognitive ability, personality traits and occupational self-efficacy. Results showed that in all three domains of professional knowledge, most teacher candidates were either over- or underconfident in their knowledge and unaware of their strengths and weaknesses. Cognitive ability reduced the risk of being overconfident, whereas self-efficacy was predictive of overconfidence. The Big Five personality traits were not systematically connected to self-assessment accuracy, and variance in self-assessment accuracy is still to be explained by further research. We address shortcomings of measures that are commonly used in self-assessment research and advocate for the use of metacognitive methods in future studies that focus on teacher self-assessments. 相似文献