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1.
改革课程评价是基础教育新一轮课程改革的重要组成部分,而且急需一个能够帮助人们形成以评价促学习理念的模式。本文介绍的“学生学业成绩分析、反馈与指导系统(SAAE)”的构建契合这一重要需求。SAAE以国家课程标准为参照标准,采用诊断性评价方法,检测初中八年级学生学业成绩发展过程。项目任务是根据检测成绩以及相关因素问卷调查数据的分析结果,给参测地区提供有益于教育教学管理、课堂教学改进和教师发展的反馈信息。这个评价系统还对提高各级教研员的教学评价能力有所帮助。本评价指标体系的建立能够为保障中学英语课程教育质量做出贡献。同时,它也是诊断性语言测试理论的有益实践。 相似文献
2.
Analía Inés Meo 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2011,32(3):349-367
This article examines how students from the ‘loser’ sections of the middle class dealt with the game of secondary schooling in a ‘good’ state school in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina). It engages with Bourdieu’s theory of social practice and, in particular, with its concepts of game, habitus and cultural capital. It argues that middle‐class students embody a school habitus, which I call zafar. Zafar (a Spanish slang word) refers to students’ dispositions, practices and strategies towards social and educational demands of teachers and their school. Zafar propels middle‐class students to be just ‘good enough’ students, and promote an instrumental approach to schooling and learning. Although this paper offers an account within which the reproduction of relative educational advantage of a group of middle‐class students takes place, it also poses questions about their future educational and occupational opportunities. 相似文献
3.
Within the context of expanding placements for secondary education and the call for improvement of quality within the educational systems of developing and developed countries, this paper considers who and (comparatively) how well students are succeeding in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. The paper notes that there have been a limited number of studies in the Republic which provide information on opportunities for school success at the macro level of the school system. Additionally, there is much conflicting information published which explores factors determining success and failure in developing and developed countries; such factors include personal/biographical and systemic/school focused variables. There is also very little information concerning whether these variables have a similar effect at the micro/classroom level. In relating determinants of classroom level success to the expansion in quantity (and supposedly quality) of the educational system in Trinidad and Tobago, we question whether a greater opportunity for education actually results in a greater probability for all students to succeed. A proportional, stratified, random, clustered sample of 992 secondary school students (5% of the 2nd and 5th form population in half of the educational districts in Trinidad and Tobago) was selected for study. Information obtained for each student included systemic information (school attended, type of school, school size, education district, locality, managing authority, single‐sex or coeducational school, form level and class size) and personal information (sex of student, age, occupation of father and mother, religion and classroom based end‐of‐term test scores in each of the curriculum areas studied — with an average overall score). Analyses of the within‐class test scores showed that a large amount of variance was accounted for by the systemic and personal variables, and the most telling of the variables were the type of school attended and gender of the student. Students in traditional schools obtained higher scores in traditional curriculum areas than other students, and girls consistently gained the highest of the scores. Further analyses showed significant differences with reference to parental occupation, the size and locality of the school and school sexual make‐up. The results show a consistent bias to success of female students, from a middle class home, attending an urban traditional school, in all curriculum areas except social studies. Students attending government managed schools at the 5th form scored higher in social studies than those in traditional schools. The results confirm that the quantitative expansion of the secondary school system in Trinidad and Tobago did not expand in quality educational opportunity for all, except in the new curriculum area of social studies. Interpretations of the results relate to the existing literature on developed and developing countries and the particular situation in Trinidad and Tobago. 相似文献
4.
Although college readiness is a centerpiece of major educational initiatives such as the Common Core State Standards, few systems have been implemented to track children's progress toward this goal. Instead, college‐readiness information is typically conveyed late in a student's high‐school career, and tends to focus solely on academic accomplishments—grades and admissions test scores. Late‐stage feedback can be problematic for students who need to correct course, so the purpose of this research is to develop a system for communicating more comprehensive college‐readiness diagnoses earlier in a child's K‐12 career. This article introduces college‐readiness indicators for middle‐school students, drawing on the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of educational inputs, contexts, and outcomes. A diversity of middle‐school variables was synthesized into six factors: achievement, behavior, motivation, social engagement, family circumstances, and school characteristics. Middle‐school factors explain 69% of the variance in college readiness, and results suggest a variety of factors beyond academic achievement—most notably motivation and behavior—contribute substantially to preparedness for postsecondary study. The article concludes with limitations and future directions, including the development of college‐readiness categories to support straightforward communication of middle‐school indicators to parents, teachers, and students. 相似文献
5.
Sara Isabel Moça Ramos António Manuel Valente de Andrade 《Education and Information Technologies》2016,21(3):625-641
Technology has become an essential component in our society and considering its impact in the educational system, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) cannot be dissociated from the educational process and, in particular, from pedagogical practices adopted for students who are blind or partially sighted. This study focuses on Portuguese reference schools for the education of blind and partially sighted students, regulated by the Decree-Law No. 3/2008, in which are concentrated the human and material resources that can offer an educational response with quality for these students with special education needs. The study intends to analyse the perceptions of the teachers, who teach visually impaired students in middle school and secondary school education in these reference schools, of their knowledge, teaching and training in the area of ICT, as well as of the real ICT integration in the teaching and learning of these students. A survey, which has been applied to these teachers in the 2012/13 school year, was adopted as a method of data collection. The results reveal a sample confident in their technological capabilities, however with little resourcefulness in some tools and software specific to the area of visual impairment and a very significant number of teachers ignoring many of these. The implementation of ICT with students who have visual disabilities is lower compared with the sighted students. The lack of specific training is considered to be the main obstacle for teachers, with regard to the real integration of ICT in the teaching and learning of these students. 相似文献
6.
Richard Kitchen 《British Journal of Religious Education》2020,42(4):435-446
ABSTRACT In this article, I describe how Escuela Luz del Mundo (ELM), a progressive Christian school that served the Mexican immigrant community in Albuquerque, New Mexico USA was ‘caught in the middle’ between Christians and secular humanists. As the school’s director, I had opportunities to interact with a variety of secular and non-secular organisations and through these experiences learned about their perspectives on the school and its mission. Using the qualitative methodology of self-study, two idents are described that occurred during the school’s existence that elucidate these perspectives. In the first ident, a doctor who worked in the ELM community implicitly expressed his lack of support for the school. In the second, students and parents at a ‘Christian bubble school’ demonstrated overtly negative behaviours towards ELM’s low-ome, students of colour. Literature is reviewed that illustrates the historic legacy in the United States of low-ome students and students of colour being denied access to high-quality educational opportunities. To address this historic legacy, individuals and groups must work across divides that separate and sustain this legacy. The need in Christian education to support the development of students’ empathy for ‘the other’ through meaningful and sustained relationships is also discussed. 相似文献
7.
以121名初一和初二的学生为被试,探讨了自我意识与气质、父母教养方式之间的关系。结果表明：多血质和胆汁质的初中生自我意识水平较高,抑郁质的初中生自我意识水平最低;父母情感温暖理解对提高初中生自我意识具有促进作用,母亲过干涉过保护、母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉导致初中生自我意识水平降低;胆汁质初中生能够从父母那得到更多的情感温暖和理解,粘液质也能从母亲那得到较多的情感温暖和理解,抑郁质初中生得到的父亲情感温暖理解较少,胆汁质初中生容易引起母亲的过干涉过保护。 相似文献
8.
Nora H. Martínez 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2014,27(8):959-973
This paper explores the difficulties that novice teachers confront at two economically, socially, and academically disadvantaged schools in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The researchers employed the action research tradition. Problems were identified using participant observation during reflexive workshops conducted with novice teachers and also in school settings. Teacher-generated written documents during the workshops were also analyzed. The difficulties these teachers face include issues related to parent involvement, resources, students’ basic learning background, teaching strategies for students with particular needs, discipline, work overload, and career preparation and curricular reform. The identified challenges are similar to those that beginning teachers typically experience. However, results of this study highlight the ways in which the immediate working context and characteristics of Mexico’s educational system uniquely impact and structure the experience of novice teachers in disadvantaged schools. 相似文献
9.
Ernesto Treviño Consuelo Béjares Cristóbal Villalobos Eloísa Naranjo 《The Journal of educational research》2017,110(6):604-618
The authors investigated to what extent teachers' practices and school characteristics can influence students' civic knowledge, civic attitudes, and future participation in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico and how this can be related to their specific curricular structures and educational content. It uses data from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study. The results show that in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, teacher practices and attitudes relate to the civic outcomes. Although teachers' practices and attitudes significantly predict students' civic knowledge, this relationship does not seem relevant for students' expected participation and students' attitudes toward diversity. Still, the democratic environment of the school is a relevant variable in the case of expected participation of students and their attitudes toward diversity, which shows a possible indirect influence of teachers through the school environment. The results are discussed in relation to the civic education curriculum in place in the countries analyzed. 相似文献
10.
Elena C. Papanastasiou Michalinos Zembylas 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2006,52(6):599-618
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MATHEMATICS SPECIALISTS AND NON-SPECIALISTS AT THE HIGH-SCHOOL LEVEL in Cyprus – The data obtained from high-school seniors for the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) for the country of Cyprus appear to be contradictory. Although Cypriot students did not perform well in mathematics in elementary school, middle school, and in the non-advanced sectors of high school, students in advanced mathematics courses in high school managed to perform exceptionally well. In seeking to account for this apparent disparity, the present study examines the differences between mathematics specialists and non-specialists at the high-school level and discusses the implications that these have for teaching practice. It shows how students educated in an environment that might not be optimal for producing high-achieving students in mathematics and science in elementary and middle school (according to the TIMSS) might nonetheless manage to excel in these fields at the end of their schooling. In conclusion, the authors address the implications of their study for similar educational systems in other developing countries. 相似文献
11.
在“维护国家和民族统一的教育空间”思想的引领下,俄罗斯于2001年在5个联邦主体首次实行了国家统一考试,这标志着其高等学校招生考试制度改革的开始。国家统一考试是由俄罗斯联邦教育部为公共教育机构11或12年级的学生组织的完全中等教育阶段的毕业考试和升入高等学校的入学考试,由联邦教育部组织人员统一命题,在规定的时间、地点同时进行。此次改革分区域、分阶段进行,同时保留了部分高等学校自主招生的权力,为高等教育的发展留下了广阔的空间。 相似文献
12.
Elena C. Papanastasiou Michalinos Zembylas 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2006,34(4):599-618
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MATHEMATICS SPECIALISTS AND NON-SPECIALISTS AT THE HIGH-SCHOOL LEVEL in
Cyprus – The data obtained from high-school seniors for the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) for
the country of Cyprus appear to be contradictory. Although Cypriot students did not perform well in mathematics in elementary
school, middle school, and in the non-advanced sectors of high school, students in advanced mathematics courses in high school
managed to perform exceptionally well. In seeking to account for this apparent disparity, the present study examines the differences
between mathematics specialists and non-specialists at the high-school level and discusses the implications that these have
for teaching practice. It shows how students educated in an environment that might not be optimal for producing high-achieving
students in mathematics and science in elementary and middle school (according to the TIMSS) might nonetheless manage to excel
in these fields at the end of their schooling. In conclusion, the authors address the implications of their study for similar
educational systems in other developing countries. 相似文献
13.
基于PISA2015中国四省市数据,采用多层线性模型,研究中学生各科课外补习时间投入对学业成绩的影响效应.研究发现:课外补习时间与学业成绩之间存在先降后升的非线性关系,表明学科补习具有门槛效应,当补习时间超出某个阈值,学业成绩才会出现质的提升;数学补习时间投入差异扩大了不同家庭背景学生间数学成绩的差距,会造成教育结果的不均等;校内课程时间对学生成绩的影响呈先升后降的非线性关系,相较于补习时间,校内课程时间能更有效地提升学生成绩.因此,中学生及家长应基于实际的补习需求,合理投入补习时间;学校应保证学生校内课程学习时间,发挥学校教育的主导作用;政府应重视课外补习对教育公平的冲击,加强对校外培训机构的监管,还要为经济困难家庭学生提供必要的课外补习机会,缩小因课外补习带来的教育结果不均等,努力促进校内外教育公平. 相似文献
14.
自制问卷对昭通市中小学教师进行调查,结果表明：昭通市中小学教师对昭通市基础教育课程改革持认可态度;对学生学习方式转变持积极的认同和接受态度;昭通市中小学教师的教学评价观有待于提高或转变。在进一步的课程改革中需要根据我市教育实际水平,制定切实可行的课改方案,切实加强教师培训,努力提高教师实施新课程的素质,并建立切实可行,促进学校发展、教师发展、学生发展的评价体系。 相似文献
15.
Lynette Olsen 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(8):662-675
The traditional high school model derived from the factory deficit model of the early 1900s has left many students, mainly minorities and/or low socioeconomic students, disenfranchised. This is evident in the poor school performance and high dropout rates of such students. Whereas the factory deficit model was created to promote only a few high school students to college, the rest of the students were trained for factory jobs. Today's job market requires that high school students go to college subsequent to their graduation. For this reason, middle college alternatives to traditional high schools are being adopted. Although research on middle colleges is limited due to their recent development, the results are encouraging: high school students who would otherwise have failed school or dropped out have high attendance rates and high graduation rates. 相似文献
16.
Elena Makarova Dina Birman 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(3):305-330
Background: The achievement gap between immigrant and non-immigrant students that has been identified in most OECD countries and the considerable educational dropout rate among students from ethnic minority backgrounds in some countries have become serious challenges for national educational systems. The educational underachievement of young people from ethnic minority backgrounds is embedded in the process of their acculturation. In the tradition of cross-cultural psychology, acculturation describes individual or ethno-cultural group changes in behaviour and attitudes in the situation of intercultural contact. Such cultural changes are central to the experience of ethnic minority students including newly arriving immigrants, children of immigrants and members of marginalised ethnic and racial groups. Acculturation has been described as a stressful process, and acculturation orientations adopted by young people from ethnic minority backgrounds have been shown to have an impact on their adjustment.Purpose: The school context has been recognised to be the crucial context for acculturation of young people from ethnic minority backgrounds. The academic achievement of these students is thus embedded in the acculturation process, which involves cultural identity development, psychological adjustment and behavioural adjustment. The study is aimed at analysing and systematising the findings of empirical research on acculturation in the school context with a focus on the academic achievement of young people from minority backgrounds.Design and methods: For this study, 29 peer-reviewed articles from a total of 348 articles that matched the search criteria in the database of the Education Resources Information Centre were selected according to inclusion criteria. The selected articles addressed academic achievement of young people from minority backgrounds in relation to at least one of the issues of acculturation such as cultural identity, psychological adjustment and behavioural adjustment. The articles were analysed by applying the method of qualitative content analysis, using MAXQDA software. The findings presented in the selected articles were analysed and integrated according to a deductively developed and inductively enriched category system.Conclusions: Overall, the results of our analysis offer insight into issues of acculturation in relation to academic achievement. Moreover, our findings reveal the complexity of the relationship between cultural transition and school adjustment for young people. As shown in our review, although a bi-cultural orientation was predominantly positively related to school adjustment of minority students, some studies also identified assimilative attitudes as advantageous for students’ academic achievement as well as for their psychological and behavioural adjustment. Moreover, our study has also shown that young people’s acculturative attitudes may have a different impact on their school adjustment relative to acculturative behaviours. 相似文献
17.
In Italy, as in other European countries, students of foreign origin are over-represented in the vocational school tracks, with relevant consequences on their limited chances of attaining a university degree. While research has long underlined the weight that a family’s social, cultural and economic capital has on a child’s school performance, educational expectations and choices, the role that school and teachers themselves play in the transition from lower to upper secondary school has been rarely explored in Italian sociological research. The present study aims to bridge this gap in the literature, showing how teachers’ orienting practices, interacting with highly differentiated patterns of family participation in the school guidance process, can play a relevant role in reproducing foreign-origin students’ segregation into the lower tracks of the school system. 相似文献
18.
H. Rashed Shaker 《Open Learning》2013,28(1):57-70
In Bahrain, 36 international universities from 10 different countries provide distance education services through 21 local agencies to more than 800 students. Results from a survey suggest that the majority of the distance education students are working, married, of middle income class, and studying for a Bachelor's degree. The students find the distance education option attractive because: (1) there are a limited number of places in the conventional Bahrainian universities and on particular courses, and limited scholarships and financial support available for conventional students; (2) the distance system is more open and flexible in respect of their regulatory requirements; and (3) the students find it caters better for those with poor secondary school scores, low income, family and job responsibilities. 相似文献
19.
Maribel Cruz-Ortiz Cristina Jenaro-Río Dora-Esperanza Sevilla-Santo Silvia Cruz-Ortiz 《Cultura y Educación》2016,28(1):72-98
Studies show that disability is a cause of educational exclusion worldwide. Different countries adopt different views of the inclusion movement. Different variables seem to be associated with the success or failure of inclusion. This study takes place in a primary school located in Mexico. It aims to identify how inclusion is experienced by children with and without special needs, and the connections between inclusion and quality of life. Measures utilized were the questionnaire My Primary School from the Index for Inclusion and the Questionnaires on Assessment of Quality of Life for Children, self-report, and parents’ report. Participants are 69 regular students and 15 students with special education needs. Self-reports from regular children and proxy reports from the mothers of the special education needs students were analysed. Results indicated that there is an association between perceived inclusion and experiencing quality of life; having special needs does not impact on scores on QoL or inclusion; educational level does not impact on perceived QoL or inclusion for special education students. These results are discussed in light of a culture that appreciates diversity. 相似文献