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1.
This essay begins to excavate the theoretical basis of Raymond Williams’ largely unacknowledged spatial perspective on culture and communication, locating an important source in the work of the Bakhtin Circle. It then applies these insights to a Californian migrant labor camp and its newspaper, which was produced during the late 1930s and early 1940s. The essay seeks to demonstrate how attention to cultural forms of community as embodied and active in newspapers help produce new kinds of spatial experience and identities. It concludes by considering Williams, Bakhtin, and their contributions to understanding the role of these spatial practices in modern, capitalist societies.  相似文献   

2.

I have a number of interlocking concerns in this paper. Primarily, I want to highlight the practical importance of introducing new and different words into the ways of talking we employ in conducting our social lives together—and why it is that some forms of talk (talk of feeling and feelings, for instance) are much more difficult for us to employ than others. For although we clearly do influence other people's behavior (and our own) with words, we are still so fixated upon the idea of words as arbitrary ‘forms’ representing states of affairs, that we find it difficult to talk of our words in this way, especially of them as having an influence on our own conduct as thinkers and speakers, as listeners, readers, and writers and so on. We can better understand our words as functioning in this way, I suggest, if we see them primarily as having a relational function, that is, as working to relate us both to each other and to our surroundings in direct, immediate, and practical ways. Both Wittgenstein and Vygotsky discuss this gestural, nonrepresentational, function of words in coming to a grasp of people's psychological nature. Thus my aim in the paper is to explore what they claim is involved, practically, in drawing each other's (and our own) attention to the more embodied, less cognitive, aspects of our own activities in the world, and to bring to attention the power of our embodied ‘voices’ in doing this.  相似文献   

3.
What are the key messages conservation science should communicate to the public? Although the profile of conservation science itself can be raised by talking about the process, most feel that the messages should concern what conservation science brings to the focus of its work – cultural heritage. However, it is no longer enough to focus on the needs of heritage in isolation. Demonstrating public benefit is crucial to persuade decision-makers to invest not only in the conservation of cultural heritage but also in the science that informs its care. Conservation science can research the significance of cultural heritage and how to enable access to it, but it now also needs to engage the public actively in its activities. This means continuing to use the traditional ‘hard’ sciences of physics and chemistry but also learning from and collaborating more with less familiar partners such as the social sciences, the medical sciences, and natural heritage to demonstrate how conservation science is good for people, and developing new methods of communication to do this. Conservation science needs to engage with the public not only as a subject for research but also as a means of doing the research, so the end also becomes the means. Public impact should be factored into conservation science projects, with training in communication and the principles of interpretation provided to those involved. A more fundamental shift may be required in the sector however, that puts people's benefit at the heart of conservation science as much as the benefit of the cultural heritage it engages with.  相似文献   

4.
Through this essay, I assert that the intellectual authority of prominent cultural intellectuals can affect a form of “cultural pedagogy” that can essentially re-educate an audience through constitutive discourses that can re-articulate that audience's identity, cultural framework, and historical references, and in so doing can normalize mass violence. Serbian intellectuals and cultural elites played a prominent role in initializing the extreme nationalist mindset that increasingly polarized Yugoslavia throughout the 1980s. In 1986, the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences (SANU) drafted a Memorandum, the publication of which in the Serbian newspaper Vjecernje Novosti is retrospectively the precipitating event that awakened Serbian national consciousness. This essay critiques the 1986 Memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences with regard to its role in constructing an exclusive and politically charged Serbian identity. Beginning with an examination of the Memorandum's central claims, this essay asserts that the dominant mythic themes that emerge in the document were part of a deliberate teleological reordering of historical events that provided the foundation for the constitutive rhetoric of Serbian intellectuals-turned-politicians. This essay allows for a deeper understanding of the effects of constitutive discourses, rooted in a mythos of victimization, on the emergent nationalism and mass violence in the former Yugoslavia.  相似文献   

5.
Systems theory can be used to illustrate the behavioral sciences and their component levels: the biophysical, intrapsychic, interpersonal group, family, intergroup, social, and cultural. Although traditional academic disciplines overlap, there is a body of literature relevant to each component level. The searcher must first determine which level(s) is most relevant to the user's request before deciding which index(es) or database(s) to use. Other factors in the decision include the user's needs (comprehensiveness, currentness, and types of relevant material) and the searcher's resources (efficiency).  相似文献   

6.
Many uses exist for the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) in performing social science research. Depending upon a user's interest and imagination, SSCI can be effectively used to ascertain a scholar's influence in the published research record. By utilizing the citation section of SSCI a researcher can map the scholarly influence a scholar exercises in his/her field. Braudel's influence in the Annales school of historical research and his impact upon the social sciences was mapped by examining SSCI for 1980-1989. This approach can serve as a template for other disciplines and is valuable for scholar and subject bibliographer.  相似文献   

7.
For many practitioners, jurists, and free speech scholars, there are few jurisprudential quagmires that can rival the abyss created by obscenity rules and regulations. This historical essay claims that by using the Besant‐Bradlaugh trial as a case study, scholars can combine legal and cultural perspectives in order to understand some of the religious, class, and gender dimensions of obscenity. The essay traces the development of the history of “obscene libel” from Curll's Case in the eighteenth century to the passage of Lord Campbell's Act and the application of the Hicklin test in the Besant‐Bradlaugh trial of the nineteenth century.  相似文献   

8.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(61-62):287-299
Summary

The Holocaust denial movement began with Nazi officials and continues today. The term revisionism rather than denial is used by the movement's proponents. They do not deny the Holocaust, but are skeptical of the claims of six million dead, gas chambers, and an extermination policy. The Internet has made revisionist ideas and research more widely available than ever before. This article examines the major revisionist and refutation sites and documents available on the Internet today.  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

At Central Michigan University, librarians teach multiple sections of an eight-week, one-credit research skills class to hundreds of undergraduate students each semester. While the main focus of the course is to teach students how to find, use, and properly cite library resources, librarians also address critical thinking skills by designing lessons to teach World Wide Web organization and how to analyze the information found via search engines. Showing student's obvious hoax sites about “tree octopi” and “male pregnancy” introduces the concepts of critical thinking and Website analysis. Most students quickly refute the information on such sites. However, students have a more difficult time assessing social, historical, or political revisionist Web sites' validity. Contrasting those claims with evidence accepted by international courts, historians, and scientists is useful in pointing out the flaws of seemingly well documented but one-sided revisionist sites. There are dangers in exposing students to these groups via their Websites. Yet, it is important to do so in order to convey the importance of critical analysis of information. The authors discuss students' pre- and post-test (CMU's online assessment tool, the “research readiness self-assessment” [RRSA]) scores to determine whether critical thinking skills have improved.  相似文献   

10.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(89-90):121-138
SUMMARY

This article discusses faculty-librarian collaboration to integrate technology in a course that focuses on teaching empirical research methodologies and library research skills to elementary and early childhood education graduate students. Vygotsky's theory, standards in teacher education, and information literacy standards form the conceptual framework that supports this collaboration. The purpose and procedures of this collaboration, as well as student, faculty, and librarian outcomes, are discussed. This present collaboration on bibliographic instruction and the use of Blackboard courseware is framed within the context of past history of collaboration and future plans to expand this collaboration.  相似文献   

11.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(4):177-183
ABSTRACT

In this presentation, T. Scott Plutchak places modern librarianship in a historical context to show that today's librarians are experiencing a revolution in scholarly communication that is analogous to the advent of Gutenberg's printing press. Scholarly communication is going through a transitional period, and it is too early to tell what a true digital culture will look like. Although librarians like to “get things right,” they are now faced with situations for which there are no established models. Plutchak's presentation discussed the tremendous opportunities for librarians to experiment with ways to use their unique skills in information organization to make important contributions in the digital age.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

The Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a unit within the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan, is the world's largest social science data archive. The data sets in the ICPRS database give the social sciences librarian/subject specialist an opportunity of providing value-added bibliographic information. Access to the data sets is by membership in the consortium. This article gives an overview of the ICPSR database and of other services provided by the ICPSR, including sample usage statistics and reports. Research has shown that use of electronic resources, such as that provided by the data sets of the ICPSR, leads to an increase in publications by scholars. Librarians from a variety of disciplines—economics, political science, education, sociology, criminal justice, and social work—can help their researchers use the ICPSR's data sets to help further the goals of social science.  相似文献   

13.
Recent years have seen a sharp rise of attention to the importance of documentation in various disciplines in the social sciences. Many thinkers have found the concept of assemblages, which emphasizes complexity, heterogeneity, and emergence, fruitful for investigating the role of documents and documentation. This article analyses some examples from anthropology and management studies as contributions to documentary ethics, ontology, and politics. The first pair of case studies reveals a documentary activism of biological and therapeutic citizenship. The second pair shows how documentation works constitutively to bring different kinds of entities into being. Both kinds of cases practice a documentary politics, which is analyzed in terms of Bruno Latour’s ideas of “reassembling the social”.  相似文献   

14.
This article reveals how Spanish-language radio started in San Antonio, Texas—as blocks of time bought by Hispanics interested in providing music to San Antonio's Spanish-speaking residents. In particular, this study recognizes the contributions of San Antonio radio pioneer Manuel Davila and his role in starting Spanish-language radio and the Tejano format, drawing from a combination of on-site observation at Davila's station, personal interviews, and the collection of historical data. The article also lays a foundation for critically analyzing the political economy and hegemonic process of maintenance of economic and cultural power possible in the early days of radio broadcasting to compare it to the current corporately dominated marketplace.  相似文献   

15.

Subjects differing in cognitive complexity formed impressions of another based on positive information about the other's work behavior and negative information about social behavior, or vice versa. Immediate impressions written to one context, and work‐ and social‐evaluation measures, reflected the valence of the information; general evaluative measures tended to neutrality. Impressions (written to the other context) and evaluations obtained two weeks later showed similar results. These results, in conjunction with those of subsidiary analyses involving Fishbein's attitude model, were interpreted as supporting a view of beliefs as substantive cognitions rather than as vacuous elements functioning only to contribute increments of affect.  相似文献   

16.
This case study examines Enron's top executives' activities through Bourdieu's notion of misrecognized competence or “capital.” Top executives' practices were misrecognized as valuable and legitimate competencies against the backdrop of the company's changing new-economy context. Most approaches to intellectual, social, and cultural capital assume their automatic value. In contrast, this essay shows that the perceived value of executives' practices was the result of Enron's context and executives' communicative efforts to position their own contributions as the most important. As outsiders scrutinized the company, however, executives' activities were exposed as self-serving and primary contributors to Enron's troubles.  相似文献   

17.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):195-198

The relationship between an individual's social perspective‐taking capacity and the complexity of that individual's dimensions for construing the behavior and character of others was examined within a general constructivist framework. A significant correlation was found supporting the hypothesis that the more differentiated the construction system of the individual the better he/she should be able to construe the perspectives of others in social situations. Evidence is also offered demonstrating the validity and reliability of the Social Perspective Task as a research instrument for examining the mode of construal of the individual.  相似文献   

18.
Using media education and cultural studies perspectives, I analyze ethnographic data gathered among diverse twelve and thirteen‐year‐olds who live in New York City. Three case studies show that individual interpretations of favorite TV figures, understood in relation to lived experiences, indicate tacit learning about dialectical issues of identity and social power relations. The dynamics of this learning challenges media educators to account for and address students’ actual cultural experiences of identity and social power in association with their media experiences. In addition, these young people's TV interpretations point to their learning about participation in corporate media culture via the system of image and message construction—a powerful means of success in the United States. Thus media educators must confront their students’ dreams and expectations about succeeding in capitalist terms, while encouraging their criticisms in a democratic spirit.  相似文献   

19.
《图书馆管理杂志》2012,52(1):36-52
ABSTRACT

In today's economy, higher education institutions are struggling to maintain quality while functioning with fewer resources. For libraries, the economic situation is compounded by the impact of an information marketplace that is characterized by prices for resources that increase at 7 to 10% per year, and by near and actual monopolies controlling content. Added to the complexities of the marketplace are the demands of a faculty and student body that prefer individual actions to group efforts. These economic and social issues can become real barriers to innovation, quality improvement, and successful services for today's libraries. One way to combat the economic and social environment is by creating new and improved partnerships to leverage resources and share expertise in order to provide better services and access to wider collections. But forming partnerships is not easy. This paper will review the characteristics of successful partnership as developed by the Gallup Corporation and will show how these values can be used in the academic library environment to create opportunities for success.  相似文献   

20.
This article describes various Internet resources for Eastern European studies available to students, scholars, and general readers in the social sciences and humanities. These resources are a valuable source of general and scholarly information. The unprecedented growth of the Eastern European Internet resources allows users a glimpse into the rich cultural, linguistic, and historical diversity of the region.  相似文献   

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