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1.
ABSTRACT

This afterword argues for the importance of an historical consciousness in thinking about the contemporary era. The articles in this special issue suggest a much more complicated and entangled relationship between concepts of the indigenous and modernity. Attention to the lives of Sarah Winnemucca, Joseph Brant, Robert Kerr, Anthony Martin Fernando and Kahgegagahbowh suggestively recasts our understandings of rights and modernity away from a central starting-point in the metropole to much more fluid and multiple sites of generation in different locales.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Since its publication in 1986, Yoko Watkins’ So Far from the Bamboo Grove has been used as a textbook by some primary and middle schools in the US. The book is an autobiographical novel about the experiences of a Japanese girl named Yoko who returns to her home country with her mother and sister with an anti‐war and peace message. However, it became the center of attention and was referred to as the Yoko incident when, in January 2007, it became known to the Koreans that the book was being used as a textbook by American students and contained a story about Japanese women raped by Korean men at the end of Japanese colonial rule. It immediately incited outcries from the Korean media and online communities, complaining that any suggestion of the rape of Japanese women by Korean men at the end of Japanese colonial rule is a grave distortion of history and a reversal of the perpetrator and the victim. This paper analyzes how the memory structure of the Koreans regarding colonialism is based on a victim nationalism and how Korean feminism has intervened in the fragmentation and suture of national memory since the 1990s. Furthermore, the paper reveals how American multiculturalism turns a blind eye to, or even promotes, the clashing of collective identities in the age of globalization. The so called Yoko incident illustrates how the competition of East Asian countries for a historical position of ‘victim’ in a battle of memory in the US not only strengthens exclusive nationalism in the area but also connives in ‘Americanization of world justice’.  相似文献   

3.
Abstract

This paper tells a story about miscegenation between US military personnel and Okinawan women from 1945–1952, which includes sexual violence, the establishment of ‘entertainment districts,’ and the emergence of international marriage. Whereas this history has been mobilized by leftists as a truth‐weapon in the struggle for political sovereignty from the US military, this paper takes an explicitly genealogical approach. Drawing on Foucault's work on biopower, this paper shows how Okinawans were transformed into ‘petitioning subject’ – subjects that negotiated the sexual exploitation of their bodies in tandem with the radically changing relationship between their bodies and the territory.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

The 1955 Bandung Conference was a crucial moment in the history of the former colonial states of Asia and Africa. The Bandung Spirit that came out of it was a strategic foundation for building solidarity and cooperation among nations. The Cold War period and its aftermath, however, indicate that the Bandung spirit was in decline. Meanwhile, the United States, which had intended to unilaterally disrupt the Bandung Conference, continues to conduct unilateral actions in pursuit of its hegemonic interests. Along this line, the United Nations has often been bypassed by the US and other powerful nations in their unilateral initiatives. In response to this situation, it is important to rekindle the Bandung Spirit and to struggle for the democratization of international relations. In today’s context the struggle should be focused on three areas, namely the democratization of world politics, world economy, and the United Nations.  相似文献   

5.
This article examines anti-Communist films made by Hollywood in Cantonese and Malay in Singapore and Malaya in the Cold War context of the “Campaign of Truth.” In the early 1950s, the United State Information Agency, an arm of the State Department, secretly commissioned and funded New York Sound Masters Inc. to produce and shoot several anti-Communist films in Singapore and Malaya. In 1953, cinemas across Malaya and Singapore screened Singapore Story and Kampong Sentosa, two Cold War products of the “Campaign of Truth.” In addition to analysing the ideology of these films, this article also combines declassified archive material from the US and Singaporean National Archives with primary materials from UK, US, Singaporean, and Malayan periodicals from the Cold War era in order to explore how these two films use Malay and Cantonese to narrate a Hollywood’s version of the Singaporean story. As these two films have been largely passed over in scholarship and the films and archives have not been regularly accessible, records of these films are absent from histories of film and television in the US, Singapore, and Malaya. This article aims to remedy this absence.  相似文献   

6.
Abstract

A human rights perspective is compromised in its ability to understand and respond to the mass violence that took place in Indonesia, largely against members and supporters of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) from 1965–1966. In “Indonesia's Original Sin: Mass Killings and Capitalist Expansion, 1965–66,” Hilmar Farid makes the point that a human rights standpoint is limited when capital or its various actors, are involved in propagating and/or perpetrating mass violence. In starting to fashion an alternative reading, Farid proposes Marx's notion of primitive accumulation. While Farid's position is suggestive, I contend that his analysis is marred by a number of theoretical weaknesses, which I attempt to sublate in this article. As such, I will offer an alternative reading of primitive accumulation perceived through a multi-dimensional local/global dialectic.  相似文献   

7.
ABSTRACT

This article critically engages with a contemporary play, Aur Kitne Tukde, staged in the Hindi language in various cities and towns in India and Pakistan, about gendered violence during Partition. It unsettles the master narrative of ‘honour’, ‘martyrdom’, ‘choice’ and women's ‘agency’ on Partition. The article also highlights the significance of the play in breaking the silences around Partition in the theatre, which, as compared with other cultural and literary mediums, reaches out to a larger section of people in unique ways. It underlines how the whole production of the play was a process of traversing and sharing the journey and trauma of Partition not only for the actors but also for the audiences. The article also tries to problematize the whole question of violence and its representation.  相似文献   

8.
ABSTRACT

Although preceded by years of political and policy developments, the signing of the Good Friday Agreement (or Belfast Agreement) in 1998 is generally regarded as marking the end of conflict and the beginning of the transition to peace. However, this transition has been neither linear nor straightforward. Divisions, both physical and symbolic, reflecting collective identities and ‘otherness’, remain resistant to change and continue to foster sectarianism, mistrust and outbreaks of violence. Despite some positive change, not least of which is the absence of sustained violence, the majority of neighbourhoods and schools remain either Protestant or Catholic. Drawing on data from the Young Life and Times (YLT) survey, an annual attitudinal survey of 16-year-olds in Northern Ireland that has been running since 2003, this article explores what young people's perspectives reveal about the complexities and the challenges involved in transitioning to a more shared society. Where relevant and possible, their attitudes are compared with those expressed by adults in the annual Northern Ireland Life and Times (NILT) survey. A primary focus on tracking teenagers' attitudes is important for a number of reasons. While often regarded as a ‘post-conflict’ generation, segregation and polarisation remain features of teenagers' everyday lives and the political landscape. Children and young people are one of the four key strategic priorities in the latest government strategies to build united communities and achieve change and are embedded in the Programme for Government 2016–2021. If these government commitments are to be realised, the voices of young people must become central rather than peripheral. It is important, therefore, that their opinions are not only sought, but also interrogated and fed into policy.  相似文献   

9.
Book Reviews     
Hooker: An Authentic Wrestler's Adventures Inside the Bizarre World of Pro Wrestling. Lou Thesz, with Kit Bauman Weird and Wonderful: The Dime Museum in America. Andrea Stulman Dennett Shakespeare, the Movie: Popularizing the Plays on Film, TV and Video. Lee Clark Mitchell Hollywood's Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film. Peter C. Rollins and John E. O'Connor, eds A Companion to Poe Studies. Eric W. Carlson, ed Carolyn G. Heilbrun. Julia B. Boken Creating Literature Out of Life: The Making of Four Masterpieces. Doris Alexander National Television Violence Study. Vol. I . Pack Confidential: Frank, Dean, Sammy, Peter, Joey & the Last Great Showbiz Party. Shawn Levy Westerns: Making the Man in Fiction and Film. Lee Clark Mitchell Updating the Literary West. Western Literature Association et al Les Haut et Les Bas de L'Imaginaire Western Dans La Culture Mediatique. Paul Bleton and Richard Saint-Germain, eds Manhood in America: A Cultural History. Michael Kimmel Darwinian Myths: The Legends and Misuses of a Theory. Edward Caudill The World According to Hollywood: 1918–1939. Ruth Vasey Hazardous Duty. David H. Hackworth Processed Lives: Gender and Technology in Everyday Life. Jennifer Terry and Melodie Calvert, eds Aesthetic Ideology. Paul de Man. Introduction by Andrzej Warminski, ed Women in Waiting in the Westward Movement: Life on the Home Frontier. Linda Peavy and Ursula Smith  相似文献   

10.
ABSTRACT

An individual’s level of education has the strongest relationship with his or her arts participation. What is unclear, however, is why high-educated individuals are more likely to participate in the arts. Economic models indicate that price, income, and background are relevant to attendance, but the role these factors play among high-educated groups, like college students, remains underexplored. This study sheds light on what makes college students more likely to participate in the arts by evaluating a university’s investment in arts programming on campus. We analyse data from an experiment in which a university made substantial investments in arts programming largely centred on increasing access to the arts by providing more free programmes. Using pre- and post-intervention survey data, we analyse changes in students’ reported level of arts participation and barriers to arts involvement. The results from our analyses show that background, such as familiarity and experience in the arts, is the strongest predictor of increased arts participation among college students when prices are reduced.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

This paper explores the possible reasons behind the current violence in southern Thailand with a focus on the violent events that took place on 28 April 2004, which resulted in the death of 107 Muslim militants in the southern Thai provinces of Pattani, Yala and Songkhla.While the authorities seem to believe that the perpetrators of this violence are separatists the author argues that the recent violence is perpetrated by a new group or groups of individuals who are not connected to the old separatist groups that operated in the south until recent times. The very fact that this new movement perpetrating violence uses Islam as a rallying cry, by appealing to the recent international assaults on Muslim militants in Palestine, Afghanistan and Iraq,means that it is able to garner support for its cause among the Thai-Malays who have long given up their separatist fight against the Thai state.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

This paper attempts to reassess the work of two contemporary writers in the 1930s: Gilberto Freyre in Brazil and E. du Perron in the Netherlands Indies (Indonesia). Their famous narratives (respectively, Casa-Grande e Senzala and Het Land van Herkomst) present a (post) colonial world where inequality, violence and racism are almost as conspicuous as mixing and contact across the colour lines. In fact, although one work is a sociological and historical interpretation of colonial and imperial Brazil and the other a literary reworking of personal reminiscences related to Indies society in the early twentieth century, both construct worlds that present several important similarities.  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT

This paper examines the significance of reading two Korean American novels which address the issue of Japanese military sexual slavery (known as the “comfort women” system) in the context of Japan: Nora Okja Keller’s Comfort Woman and Chang-rae Lee’s A Gesture Life. I will explore how this act can facilitate the understanding of the militarized sexual violence in the present social and discursive context of Japan, where the issue suffers from a strong backlash. Lee’s A Gesture Life with its critique of multiple militarized imperialisms challenges the Japanese revisionists’ effort to deny the egregious wrongs of Japan’s military sexual slavery; it also responds to popular criticism in Japan that Korean/Americans disregard the practices of Western imperial and military violence and only condemn Japanese war crimes. The paper in turn also reads Keller’s Comfort Woman through the frame of Joy Kogawa’s Obasan, a Japanese Canadian novel which remembers the internment and U.S. atomic bombing of Nagasaki. My aim here is to examine both the risks and possibilities which this reading can generate. While it can help us see the comparable acts of remembering war sufferings from the standpoint of diasporas, it can also erase the non-equivalence between the two histories.  相似文献   

14.
“Arts entrepreneurship” is beginning to emerge from its infancy as a field of study in US higher education institutions. “Cultural Entrepreneurship”, especially as conceived of in European contexts, developed earlier and on a somewhat different but parallel track. As Kuhlke, Schramme, and Kooyman [(2015). Introduction. Creating cultural capital: Cultural entrepreneurship in theory, pedagogy and practice. Delft: Eburon] note, “In Europe, courses began to emerge in the late 1980s and early 1990s?…?primarily providing an established business school education with an industry-specific focus on the new and emerging creative economy.” Conversely, the development of “arts entrepreneurship” courses and programmes in the US have been driven as much or more from interest within arts disciplines or even from within the career services units of arts conservatories as a means toward supporting artist self-sufficiency and career self-management. This paper looks at the conceptual development of “arts entrepreneurship” in the US as differentiated from “cultural entrepreneurship” in Europe and elsewhere. Its intention is to uncover where the two strands of education (and research) are the same, and where they are different. In addition to a review of existing literature on European cultural entrepreneurship, US data is drawn from a new survey and inventory of US arts entrepreneurship programmes developed for the Alliance for the Arts in Research Universities (a2ru).  相似文献   

15.
Book Reviews     
Believing in Magic: The Psychology of Superstition. Stuart A. Vyse Celebrity and Power: Fame in Contemporary Culture. P. David Marshall The Scientific Revolution. Steven Shapin Reconstructing America. James W. Ceaser Isn't Justice Always Unfair?: The Detective in Southern Literature. J. K. Van Dover and John F. Jebb Suffering Mothers in Mid-Victorian Novels. Natalie J. McKnight Images of Elvis Presley in American Culture, 1977–1997: The Mystery Terrain. George Plasketes Goldmine British Invasion Record Price Guide. Compiled by Tim Neely and Dave Thompson Wanted Dead or Alive: The American West in Popular Culture. Richard Aquila, ed Officers in Flightsuits: The Story of American Air Force Fighter Pilots in the Korean War. John Darrell Sherwood Conversations with Pauline Kael. Will Brantley, ed Exploring Media Culture. Michael R. Real Narratives in Popular Culture, Media, and Everyday Life. Arthur Asa Berger Popular Music, Gender, and Postmodernism: Anger Is an Energy. Neil Nehring The Soldiers Tale: Bearing Witness to Modern War. Samuel Hynes Harlem at War: The Black Experience in World War II. Nat Brandt The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History. Dolores Hayden Women Behind the Camera: Conversations With Camerawomen. Alexis Krasilovsky What a Character: 20th Century American Advertising Icons. Warren Dotz and Jim Morton Mixed Harvest: The Second Great Transformation in the Rural North 1870–1930. Hal S. Barron Oz and Beyond: The Fantasy World of L. Frank Baum. Michael O. Riley Rockin' Out: Popular Music in the USA. Reebee Garofalo Various Positions: A Life of Leonard Cohen. Ira B. Nadel Messengers of the Wind: Native American Women Tell Their Life Stories. Jane Katz, ed Resurgent Evangelicalism in the United States: Mapping Cultural Change Since 1970. Mark Shibley Plotting Hitler's Death: The Story of the German Resistance. Joachim Fest Days of Our Lives: The Complete Family Album. Lorraine Zenka Seeking Pleasure in the Old West. David Dary Getting Sense: The Osages and Their Missionaries. James D. White Race and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century Atlanta. Ronald H. Bayor  相似文献   

16.
Book Reviews     
Art in the Age of Mass Media, John A. Walker. New England in Fiction 1787–1990. Robert B. Slocum. By the Sweat of the Brow: Literature and Labor in Antebellum America. Nicholas K. Bromell. Love & Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class. Eric Lott. Somewhat More Independent: The End of Slavery in New York City, 1770–1810. Shane White. M.I.A. or Mythmaking in America. H. Bruce Franklin. The Sixties: From Memory to History. David Farber, The Great American Outlaw: A Legacy of Fact and Fiction. Frank Richard Prassel. American Iconology. Edited by David C. Miller. The Ethnic Detective. Peter Freese. Wilton S. Dillon and Neil G. Kotler, editors. The Statue of Liberty REVISITED. Looking for God in the Suburbs. James Hudnut-Beumler. A Permanent Etcetera: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Post-War America. A. Robert Lee Historic Ranches of Texas. Lawrence Clayton and J.U. Salvant. Likenesses and Landscape: Thomas M. Easterly and the Art of the Daguerreotype. Delores A. Kilgo. The Fictional Republic: Horatio Alger and American Political Discourse. Carol Nackenoff. All Roads Are Good: Native Voices on Life and Culture. Creation's Journey: Native American Identity and Belief. Garrison Keillor. Peter A. Scholl. Handbook of Old Time Radio: A Comprehensive Guide to Golden Age Radio Listening and Collecting. Jon D. Swartz and Robert C. Reinehr. Rocky Mountain Divide: Selling & Saving the West. John B. Wright.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

This paper pursues the genealogies of mi-yi (secret doctors) as a threshold figure to attend to the questions of state-mediated governance and knowledge power concerning medical modernity in postwar Taiwan. To consider the mi-yi figure as symptomatic of Taiwan's medical modernity, I inquire into the question of how the scientific discourse of modernity as purported by the class of medical professionals converges with state power to discipline and regulate medical subjects and practices vis-à-vis the discourse of mi-yi. To this end, I analyze the anti-mi-yi discourse that emerged since the 1950s to discuss how the modern medical profession employed a language of science, rationality, and security that initiated an extended state surveillance of unregulated medical subjects and practices. The second part of the essay reads Chen Yingzhen's novella, Zhao Nandong as part of Taiwan's medical “archives” to explore the politics of embodied medical labor as a situated instance of the contradictions of medical modernity. I situate the literary imagination of Zhao Nandong in the social context of mi-yi discourse to frame the erased labor and violence, the ways in which the histories of these labors have been doubly obscured by the conflation of nationalistic historiography and positivist knowledge production of sociological categorizations of Taiwan's modernity.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

In the interwar period, women formed an ever-growing share of the press market. They were an increasingly important target for advertisers, and newspapers were intent on securing the maximum number of women readers. The press turned its spotlight on female politicians in an attempt to attract women readers. Some politicians, such as the Labour MP Ellen Wilkinson, collaborated with the press to increase their media exposure and promote an image of themselves as political ‘celebrities'. In so doing, they simultaneously perpetuated and destabilized assumptions about women as frivolous, superficial and uninterested in serious political debate. Wilkinson was ultimately able to turn her celebrity to political advantage, using the press as a pulpit to expound her progressive political agenda. However, her successful manipulation of her public platform should not obscure the gendered assumptions behind the press coverage that helped to propel her to political stardom.  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

During the summer of 2015, a series of events at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston called Kimono Wednesdays encouraged visitors to try on a replica of the kimono Claude Monet's wife wore in her husband's 1876 painting La Japonaise and then pose for photos in front of the painting. This seemingly benign act of appreciation sparked protests from those who considered the events as perpetuating an exoticizing imperialist gaze and orientalizing stereotypes. This paper contextualizes this controversy by examining the history of white women cross-dressing as Japanese, how it constitutes a form of naturalized whitewashing linked to the pleasure of consumption through its connections to Gilbert and Sullivan's The Mikado (1885), and how the same act for Asian American women at the turn into the twentieth century is fraught with the anxiety of racial identity suppression.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

This paper provides a formative evaluation of The Art Institute of Chicago’s initial efforts to diversify the museum field through the Diversifying Art Museum Leadership Initiative (DAMLI) programme. DAMLI is supported by the Walton Family Foundation and Ford Foundation as part of a movement to diversify the arts & cultural workforce in the United States. In Spring, 2018 the author was contracted to evaluate the museum-wide initiative to systematize and improve the experiences of high school, college, and graduate interns from demographic groups currently underrepresented in museum leadership fields. Through the use of [Fraser, N. (1995). Reframing justice in a globalizing world. New Left Review, 36, 1–19.] social justice framework, this paper will focus on the recruitment, selection, and management of internship experiences of the first four cohorts of undergraduate and graduate-level interns within the programme. The paper begins with an overview of recent diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives in the arts & cultural sector – highlighting the systemic issues leading to the need for such initiatives and presenting a typology for organisational responses to the issue. This paper then categorise the type of organisational change sought by The Art Institute of Chicago based on Fraser’s two-dimensional social justice conditions and remedies framework in order to assess whether or not the Art Institute is achieving its goal of attracting, retaining, and empowering a diverse set of students and influencing their decision to pursue a career in the museum field by providing an equitable and inclusive environment during the internship. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of the broader implications of this work for arts and cultural organisations interested in diversifying the cultural workforce.  相似文献   

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