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1.
This study examines Swedish upper secondary school teachers’ gendered conceptions about students’ mathematical reasoning: whether reasoning was considered gendered and, if so, which type of reasoning was attributed to girls and boys. The sample consisted of 62 teachers from six different schools from four different locations in Sweden. The results showed that boys were significantly more often attributed to memorised reasoning and delimiting algorithmic reasoning. Girls were connected to gamiliar algorithmic reasoning, a reasoning type where you use standard method when solving a mathematical task. Creative mathematical founded reasoning, which is novel, plausible and founded in mathematical properties, was not considered gendered.
相似文献2.
儿童从出生就被纳入由社会划分好的两个性别范畴:男、女。但是在儿童性别定型化的发展过程中,有些男孩出现了偏差,即出现了女性化的倾向。近来,社会各界对此越发关注。本研究选取正有稳定的性别恒常性认知,在个性和社会行为方面显示出明显的性别差异的小学中、高年级的男孩为研究对象,通过对3位小学教师的访谈和对43位小学教师的问卷调查,较为深入的探讨了小学中学、高年级的男孩女性化倾向的程度、具体表现、对儿童的影响并提出了教育建议。 相似文献
3.
Lovisa Sumpter 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2016,14(2):347-362
This study examines Swedish upper secondary school teachers’ gendered conceptions about students’ mathematical reasoning: whether reasoning was considered gendered and, if so, which type of reasoning was attributed to girls and boys. The sample consisted of 62 teachers from six different schools from four different locations in Sweden. The results showed that boys were significantly more often attributed to memorised reasoning and delimiting algorithmic reasoning. Girls were connected to gamiliar algorithmic reasoning, a reasoning type where you use standard method when solving a mathematical task. Creative mathematical founded reasoning, which is novel, plausible and founded in mathematical properties, was not considered gendered. 相似文献
4.
This article focuses on the differential achievements of girb and boys at GCSE over the four years 1991‐94, in the context of one Suffolk comprehensive school, and attempts to analyse, through questionnaire and interview with students, teachers and parents, some of the factors contributing to such differences. Male attitudes and a paramount concern with image emerge as key factors in affecting how boys respond to the academic and authority structure of the school. Teachers attitudes to masculinity and femininity in turn influence classroom interactions between teacher and learner: students perceived more positive teacher attention and support focused on girls, with teachers prepared to be more lenient and tolerant with girls than with boys. In homework and coursework, girls appear to be more committed and better organised, and to have a more realistic grasp of what is required for success at GCSE. In conclusion, an attempt is made to identify a number of issues which schools might consider in attempting to reduce male underachievement. 相似文献
5.
Carolyn Jackson 《Gender and education》2006,18(4):339-360
‘Laddish’ attitudes and behaviours are central to current discourses on boys’ ‘underachievement’, as they are seen by many people to impede the progress of some boys in school. Whilst the vast majority of concern about ‘laddishness’ has, to date, focused upon boys, according to media reports there are now good reasons to worry about girls. Anecdotes from teachers and reports in the media suggest that some schoolgirls are now acting ‘laddishly’, that they are ‘ladettes’. This paper explores ‘ladette’ cultures in secondary schools, drawing upon interview data from100 pupils and 30 teachers. It tackles and discusses the following questions: (a) What does the term ‘ladette’ mean to pupils and teachers? (b) Do school‐aged ‘ladettes’ ‘exist’—and if so, what are they like inside and outside of school? (c) In what ways are ‘ladettes’ similar to, and different from, ‘lads’? (d) Are teachers concerned about ‘ladettes’? (e) Are ‘ladette’ behaviours on the increase? 相似文献
6.
Martin Mills 《Gender and education》2000,12(2):221-238
In recent times the neologism ‘boyswork’ has surfaced in Australian educational discourse. The term usually refers to programmes which are introduced into schools specifically for boys. Such programmes may represent either a backlash politics, which argues that schools no longer cater to the needs of boys, or a (pro)feminist politics, which contends that the creation of a more just society will entail boys acknowledging and acting to undermine their privileged positioning within existing gendered relations of power. The former politics emphasise the importance of having male teachers working with boys and suggest that many of the problems associated with boys, for example, their behaviour, can be remedied through attempts to empower boys by improving their self-esteem. This article provides a profeminist response to these arguments and draws on interview data obtained from teachers and boys in two Australian State High Schools were (pro)feminist boyswork programmes were conducted on the issue of ‘gender and violence. It is argued here that men do need to be working with boys on gender issues. However, this is not because men can do this work better than women, but rather because men have a responsibility to challenge the existing gender order. One way in which male teachers can do this is by exploring with boys the relationships between dominant forms of masculinity and violence. The article also argues that whilst this exploration should be conducted respectfully, the empowerment of boys should not be the focus of such programmes. 相似文献
7.
David J. Symington 《Research in Science Education》1977,7(1):41-49
Conclusion Although the experiments reported here are only a beginning to the research needed, the results obtained so far suggest that
some teachers and some curriculum planners have overlooked factors in their consideration of problem solving as a learning
method in primary school science.
There appear to be teachers who have rejected this approach prematurely because many of the problems children suggest when
they are first introduced to this method of working are not sound starting points for investigation.
Curriculum palnners, on the other hand, do not appear to have given serious consideration to the fact that some subject matter
provides a better starting point for pupil problem solving than others. Further, there has been inadequate information available
for teachers on the type of classroom situations and teacher behaviour which will maximize pupils' ability to see investigable
science problems in everyday phenomena. The type of research reported here will be continued and expanded to provide a clearer
picture of contexts in which the ability of pupils to see investigable scientific problems is maximized. 相似文献
8.
《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2):221-237
Calls for more male teachers are prevalent in current gender debates in education. A dominant argument in this debate is that boys are often alienated from school because of a lack of male role models in feminised areas of the school curriculum and in primary schools. Little research has investigated male teachers' accounts of their work within feminised environments. Drawing on data collected in two research studies in music education, this paper focuses on accounts given by male teachers about (a) practices adopted specifically to work with boys and (b) the role of the male music teacher. Analysis of these data suggests that some male teachers working in feminised areas of the school curriculum adopt practices which, rather than challenging dominant constructions of masculinity, sometimes reinforce gender stereotypical behaviours in boys. We argue that calls for increasing the number of male teachers in feminised areas of schooling need also to be informed by open discussion of the underlying assumptions about masculinity which teachers themselves bring to their work. 相似文献
9.
10.
Marcel Helbig 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2012,33(5):661-677
The prevalence of women in the teaching profession has been claimed by various scholars to be responsible for the low school performance among boys. Based on this claim there have been widespread calls for increasing the share of male teachers as a means of improving boys' school performance. There is, however, very little empirical evidence supporting the claim that boys do in fact benefit from being taught by male teachers. Drawing on data from the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study and the 2006 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study, this paper examines the relationship between teacher gender and boys' and girls' respective school performance in a sample of 146,315 elementary school students from 21 countries. It finds that boys do not benefit from being taught by male teachers, neither in mathematics nor in reading. In some countries, however, girls seem to profit from being taught by female teachers. 相似文献
11.
Mechthild Schåfer Peter K. Smith 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):173-181
A sample of 30 teachers were given a questionnaire about how they viewed the relationship between playful fighting and real fighting. In addition, these teachers and 20 children aged five to seven were shown a videofilm of 20 fighting episodes, some playful and some real, and asked to make judgements about them; the responses of teachers and children were compared. Teachers reported difficulty in distinguishing playful from real fighting for about one‐third of occasions ‐ sometimes due to false information from children, and sometimes due to missing the whole of a complex sequence. They also thought that play fighting was about twice as frequent as real fighting, with both much more frequent in boys than girls; and that nearly one‐third of play fighting episodes would turn into real fighting (more often for boys than girls). The video analysis showed that the teachers tended to agree with children about the nature of episodes, but verbally reported a wider range of cues in making their judgements. Results are discussed in terms of some apparent areas of disagreement between teachers, children and outside observers concerning the relative frequency of playful and real fights, and the likelihood of the former turning into the latter. 相似文献
12.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(7):324-327
AbstractThis study explores the concepts that elementary school children have of their teachers and some of the conditions that influence these concepts. The technique of exploration involves the use of the drawings that children make of their classes and teachers collected under standardized conditions. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that boys are more rejecting of their teachers than are girls, and that boys show no increase in rejection of their teacher as age increases, but that girls show an increasing rejection. Finally, the degree to which girls show a negative attitude towards their teachers depends to some extent on the characteristics of the teacher. 相似文献
13.
从实践的视角反思农村基础教育问题,需要对传统的教育价值观、教育目标、教师管理、教研机构等进行变革。突破知识观的霸权地位,确立生活观,理顺知识与生活的关系,使农村学生学习知识的过程成为学会生活并追求幸福生活的过程;培育“第二种选择”,使农村学生既能升学也能就业,使农村中小学成为农村社会的教育中心、科技中心、文化中心;解放农村教师,营造一个“留人、育人”的工作环境,建立“农村教师离职国家补偿制度”,形成一个农村教师“退出”的辅助机制;重建县级教研室,改组教研员队伍,拓展研究领域,增强专业引领和决策咨询功能,推动农村基础教育课程改革的特色性发展和“以县为主”的教育管理体制的完善。 相似文献
14.
Martin Ashley 《Sex education》2013,13(3):257-270
This paper questions the concept of feminisation which has been invoked by some commentators to explain the widely reported difficulties with boys. Its focus is upon primary schooling, and the point is made that a literature dominated by the consider ations of adolescence and secondary schooling has underestimated the degree to which younger boys are socialised into the norms of hegemonic masculinity. Attachment behaviour theory is used as the framework for analysis, and a detailed study of a primary school provides evidence for the central contention that peers, rather than teachers, are the main role models for boys. The discussion is therefore critical of the notion that an increased number of male teachers who will act as role models has any serious purchase in tackling the problems of boys' identity formation. The paper identifies a number of weaknesses in the conceptualisation of 'the problem with boys' and points out the degree to which homophobic and sexualised bullying is a largely unrecognised issue in primary schools. The conclusion is that such issues need to be tackled in the light of an understanding of the significance of peer attachments. 相似文献
15.
Nice and kind,smart and funny: what children like and want to emulate in their teachers 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Merryn Hutchings Bruce Carrington Becky Francis Christine Skelton Barbara Read Ian Hall 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2):135-157
In many western countries, government statements about the need to recruit more men to primary teaching are frequently supported by references to the importance of male teachers as role models for boys. The suggestion is that boys will both achieve better and behave better when taught by male teachers, because they will identify with them and want to emulate their behaviour. However, this has not been supported by research evidence. This paper draws on data from an ESRC‐funded project involving interviews with 307 7–8 year old children in England (half taught by male and half by female teachers). Focusing on gender, it analyses children’s responses about their relationships with their teachers and about figures that they would like to emulate (both in school and outside). 相似文献
16.
Yvonne Karlsson 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2019,24(1):70-83
The overall aim of this article is to analyse how a school’s special needs unit in Sweden deals with children’s agency and category work as they negotiate and categorise the problems that are encountered there. The data derive from an ethnographic study conducted in a Swedish special educational needs unit (SENU) attended by a group of five boys aged between 7 and 12. The results show that the teachers’ categorisations of the boys’ emotional and behaviour problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could be interpreted as an attempt to guide the boys’ development so that they will change and improve. Conversely, from the boys’ perspectives, the daily activities in the SENU could themselves be problematic in that the boys are obliged to adopt several different strategies to control and strengthen their identity. These observations highlight the importance of detailed analyses of the boys’ communicative activities during their interactions with teachers and peers. 相似文献
17.
教学之所以需要哲学,是因为哲学作为方法论指导教学研究,且作为思想资源促进教学理论的进步。哲学还具有帮助教师形成教学世界观的作用,促进教师认识到教学是人的世界、是探究的世界、是意义的世界。哲学指导教学研究的功能不能替代具体学科的作用,研究者借鉴哲学成果研究教学问题,要注意运用的条件。当前在教师培养上,虽注重学科知识的学习和教学技能的训练,但缺乏哲学对教师的涵养。这种缺陷不仅影响到教师对自身教学生活的领悟,也影响到对学生人生观的引导。教师要通过学习哲学以形成教学生活理想和宽容态度,提高思维品质,从而丰富和提升教师的内在精神。 相似文献
18.
This article considers the issue of boys’ perceived lack of achievement at 16 and the context within which this issue has developed. In addition to conducting a review of relevant literature concerned with boys’ achievement, case study research was carried out in three comprehensive schools in the Midlands, taking the form of interviews with one senior member of staff from each school with a specific responsibility for boys’ achievement. The purpose of the interviews was to consider how different schools perceived the issue of boys’ underachievement and to examine the strategies employed by each to combat it. The discussion of the research indicates some significant factors affecting the ways in which boys identify themselves as being ‘male’ and which may influence their behaviour and attitudes towards school and towards their peers. The authors attempt to place the issue of boys’ underachievement into a wider social context and consider other factors which may have a bearing on the issue. The authors then attempt to relate the experiences of these three schools, and their other research, to the national picture and suggest ways in which teachers nationally may take steps to address the issue of boys’ underachievement within their own schools. 相似文献
19.
The recent concern with the apparent 'under-achievement' of boys in England's comprehensive schools has led schools to review the potential of single-sex classes as a means of improving performance. This paper reviews the arguments for such a strategy, in the context of one school where such an approach has underpinned the organisation of the school through the last three decades. We examine the rationale behind the original decision to implement single-sex teaching, consider the evolution of the curriculum through time, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of this mode of organisation from the varying perspectives of parents, students and teachers. We consider whether the strategy has contributed to an improvement in the achievement levels of girls, and discuss the extent to which single-sex teaching has the potential to have a positive impact in raising boys' performance. In reviewing the evidence, we conclude that the single-sex mode of teaching in the school is effective in contributing to high achievement levels, in many contexts providing a conducive and supportive environment for students' learning. We suggest that such groupings may offer more advantages for girls than for boys; we argue that the potential of the system will only be fully realised when it is explicitly recognised that girls and boys do respond differently, in certain contexts, to different teaching-learning styles. 相似文献
20.
在当前推行素质教育和新课程改革的背景下,教师素质的高低成为了基础教育改革能否向前推进的关键因素之一,提高教师的素质问题引起了人们极大的关注。以反思是教师职业生涯可持续发展的基础作为切人点,就什么是反思型教师、教师反思能力缺失的理论探源、实施教师反思的理论和方法基础、现实中实施教师反思应注意的问题几个方面进行了探讨。 相似文献