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1.
青藏高原柳属植物的发生和分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1. Uplifting of Qinghai-Xizang plateau has brought great influence on the origina-
tion and distribution of species inside the genus Salix. There are 91 sp. (incl. 2 cult.
sp.), 16 var. and 3 f. belonging to 15 Sect. in this region, among these species the en-
demics attain to 58 sp., 14 var. and 3 f. So it has become one of the most important
centres of distribution of Salix in the world. Species common with other regions attain
only to 32. Thus it is also clear that correlation between salicaceous flora in this re-
gion and that of other regions is not so much developed, and that the salicaceous flora
of Qinghai-Xizang plateau was mainly originated autochthonously during the upheaval
of plateau.
2. Along a demarcation line delineated from Gyirong through Lhasa and Qamdo to
Lanzhou, to the north-western region the total number of species of this genus is sum-
med up to 7 sp. and 1 var. (incl. 2 cult. sp.), and they distribute only in the West Hima-
laya and Pamir-Kunlun regions. Besides 2 cult. sp., there is only 1 endemic, and
others all should be migrants from Europe or West Asia. In the south-eastern part, be-
cause the climate is moister, the species of Salix may be summed up to 84 sp., 15 var.
and 3 f., among them 73 sp., 20 var. and 3 f. are endemics, accounting for 68 percent
of the total.
3. In East Himalaya and South Henduan Shan (southward of lat. 30°N.) there
are 78 sp., 12 var. and 4 f., among them 50 sp., 10 var. and 2 f. are endemics. They
represent the different stages of phylogenetic development of this genus. So here may
be the centre of origination and distribution of Salix species in the all Sino-Himalaya
flora. The common species between East Himalaya and South Henduan Shan regions
attain to 41. Because the latter forms a part of Sichuan and Yunnan plateau and the
former did not become a land until Quaternary Period, the plants of the former mainly
are the migrants from the latter.
4. The most characteristic group of Salix in this region is Sect. Lindleyanae
Schneid. with a total of 18 sp. and 1 var. This group adapting to the somewhat en-
vironment changes is quite different from Sect. Retusae A. Kern. in the Arctic and high
mountains of higher latitudes in many characters, so it should be originated autochto-
nously, and it is certainly not a migrant from Arctic. This Sect. seems to be developed
from Sect. Floccosae Hao and in turn from Sect. Sclerophyllae Schneid. and Sect. Den-
ticulatae Schneid. This developmental direction has assumed an important branch in the
phylogenetic development of the whole genus.
5. In addition, there are two interesting and important regions on the north-eastern
and eastern to Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, i. e. on the north-east Anymaqen Shan (Amne-
machin mountain) and on the east Qiong Lai Shan. There are many endemic species
pertaining to these two parts, among these species some may be ancient relicts since
Tertiary. It is to be expected that more additional scientific results will be obtainedafter some more extensive works done in these two regions. 相似文献
2.
中国柳属植物地理分布的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
赵士洞 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(2):114-124
本文研究了中国产柳属植物的分布，并探讨了该属的起源与演化问题。 我国产柳
属植物255种，约占全世界总数的46％，隶属于37个组，几乎包括了该属所有的进化类型。
因此，中国是世界柳属植物种数最多、类型最丰富的地区。青藏高原的出现，是形成这一分布
特点的重要原因。我国柳属植物主要分布在西北、东北和西南地区。西北地区是中亚分布区
的一部分; 东北地区是东北亚分布区的一部分; 它们又都有一些中欧-西伯利亚和北极-高山成
分。青藏高原与其他分布区间的联系很少，是柳属又一个重要的分布中心。作为泛北极植物
区系的典型属之一的柳属，可能起源于东南亚热带山区。 相似文献
3.
石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(6):533-548
本文采用狭义概念，将苦荬菜类群(Ixeris group)处理为4个属，即苦荬菜属Ixeris Cass．沙苦荬属Chorisis DC．小苦荬属Ixeridium(A．Gray)Tzvel．及黄瓜菜属Paraixeris Nakai并提供了分属、种检索表。文中记载了3个新种及7个新组合种。 相似文献
4.
根据瓦韦属植物根状茎上的鳞片及隔丝的形状、结构、颜色，参考叶片的形状、质地及根状茎、叶柄的横切面等特征，把瓦韦属植物划分为6个组，分别为瓦韦组Sect．Lepisorus、扭瓦韦组Sect．Pleioomma S．L. Yu、革质叶组Sect．Sclerophyllon S．L. Yu、大叶瓦韦组Sect．MacrophyllonS．L.Yu、纸质叶组Sect．Pachyphyllon S．L.Yu和薄叶组Sect．Hymenophyton Ching。 相似文献
5.
本文收集了国内外栝楼属Trichosanthes 31种1变种，在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下，进行了花粉粒形态的比较观察。该属花粉粒为3孔沟型，外壁表面纹饰可分为四个类型，即：疣状或皱波状(小苞组)，粗网状(大苞组)，细网状或光滑(叶苞组)，近光滑或皱波状(王瓜组)。这四个类型的划分与植物形态分类基本一致，可作为分组及分种的依据之一。花粉特征支持将叶苞组分为叶苞亚组和柔毛亚组，如叶苞亚组有明显的沟，而柔毛亚组没有。 相似文献
6.
乌蒙杓兰及其近亲种 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈心启 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(5):369-375
In addition to describing a new species, Cypripedium wumengense, as well
as a new variety, C. bardolphianum var. zhongdianense, nomenclatural and taxonomic
notes are made on its allies and the division to which they belong. They are ltrge]y
found in the Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China, characterized by the absence
of bract, havirg lip more or less covered with small wart-like outgrowths, and that as
the capsule matures the scape becomes much elongated. Six species of this group have
hitherto been reported, of which, however, C. ebracteatum and C. nutans are regarded
here as conspecific with C. fargesii and C. bardolphianum respectively. Thus, including
the new taxa described here, it composes five species and one variety: C. bardolphianum
W. W. Sm. et Farrer (var. bardolphianum and var. zhongdianense S. C. Chen), C. mic-
ranthum Franch., C. fargesii Franch., C. margaritaceum Franch. and C. wumengense
S. C. Chen. They are all grouped here into the same section, Sect. Trigonopedium
(Franch.) Pfitz., the oldest legitimate name of this group in the rank of section. 相似文献
7.
潘锦堂 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(2):120-129
In this paper the classification of the genus Bergenia Moench is provided, its
geographic distribution analysed, and the phylogeny also traced. Based on an analysis of
morphological characters such as leaves, ocreas, branches of inflorescences, Pedicels, hypan-
thium, sepals, and glandular indumentum, thi genus is divided into 3 sections: 1. Sect. Scopu-
losae J. T. Pan, sect. nov., 2. Sect. Bergnia, 3. Sect. Ciliatae (A. Boriss.) J. T. Pan, stat. nov.
The Sect. Scopulosae J. T. Pan may be considered as the primitive one, while Sect. Ciliatae
(A. Boriss.) J. T. Pan may be regarded as the advanced one, with Sect. Bergenia in between.
So far, the genus Bergenia Moench comprises 9 species in the total. Southeast Asia and
North Asia (south and east Siberia, USSR) each have only 1 species, West Asia (Afghanis-
tan) has 2, Central Asia (Kirghizia-Tajikistan-Uzbekstan area, USSR) 3, South Asia 4 (Nepal
has 4, India, Pakistan and Kashmir area each has 3, Bhutan and Sikkim each has 2), East
Asia 6. In East Asia, Mongolia and Korea each have only 1 species, but China has 6 (includ-
ing endemic species 2 and new species 1). Sichuan Province and Xizang Autonomous Region
each have 3, Yunnan Province 2, Shaanxi Province (Qinling Mountains) and Uygur Autono-
mous Region of Xinjiang each have only 1.
Thus the distribution centre of this genus should be in the region covering Si-
chuan, Yunnan and Xizang. Moreover, it is noteworthy that Bergenia scopulosa T.
P. Wang in Sect. Scopulosae seems to have retained primitive characters, for exa-
mple, non-ciliate leaves and ocreas, glabrous pedicels, hypanthium and sepals, and
this primitive species is found in Qinling Mountains and Sichuan. According to the
distribution of the primitive species, the author suggests that the centre of origin of
this genus be in the region covering Qinling Mountains and Sichuan. 相似文献
8.
本文对肋柱花属的属下分类、系统发育和地理分布等方面进行了深入研究。文用分支系统学的方法和原理，用计算机PAUP程序处理，获得了几个最简约的支序图。 肋柱花属属于龙胆亚族辐状花冠群，在这群中，论亲缘关系它与辐花属最近，与獐牙菜属次之，而与黄秦艽属关系较远。 獐牙菜属在进化程度上较肋柱花属低，因此它被选为肋柱花属的外类群。 经过支序分析，肋柱花属的18个种根据Hennig的“共近裔性原则”可组合为三个组，其中肉质根茎组为较原始的组，肋柱花组为中级进化水平的组，合萼组是进化程度最高的组。 肋柱花属是北温带分布型的属，分布于亚洲、欧洲及北美洲，直达北极。从种的地理分布型分析，表明秦岭一横断山区是本属的起源与分化中心。 随文报道了一个新组、一个新种和一个新变种。 研究了全部种类的命名模式。 相似文献
9.
陈耀东 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1981,19(1):43-56
Sparganium is a genus of about 18 species, largely distributed in temperate and cool
regions of the northern hemisphere, with a couple of species extending to tropical Asia,
Australia and New Zealand. In China, four species have hitherto been reported. To
them another six species, including three new ones, are added in the present paper,
based on our recent collections. They may be divided into four sections:
I. Sect. Sparganium
1. S. stolon ferum (Graebn.) Buch-Ham. 2. S. stenophyllum Maxim. ex Meinsh.
3. S. limosum Y. D. Chen, sp. nov.
II. Sect. Natantia Aschers. et Graebn.
4. S. fallax Graebn. 5. S. simplex Huds. 6. S. glomeratum Least ex Beurl.
III. Sect. Conferta Y. D. Chen, sect. nov.
7. S. confertum Y. D. Chen, sp. nov.
IV. Sect. Minima Aschers, et Graebn.
8. S. yunnanense Y. D. Chen, sp. nov. 9. S. angustifolium Michx. 10. S. minimum
Wallr.
It is interesting to note that S. confertum is of great phylogenetic importance, be-
cause, apart from its habit, it has certain characters, such as spike-like inflorescence,
pellucid and membranous scales with lobed margines, stalked ovary and sterile female
flowers on pistillate heads, which suggest those in Typha, especially in T. orientalis
Presl. Apparently, the discovery of this intensely interesting species, which forms aconnecting link between Sparganium and Typha, makes it unacceptable that they are treated as two separate families. 相似文献
10.
潘开玉 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(4):264-293
按本文处理，马铃苣苔属Oreocharis包括27种、5变种，其中有5个新种、4个新变
种。文中分析研究了该属的外部形态和地理分布; 在扫描电镜(SEM)下，对22个种的花粉
外壁和16个种的种皮进行了观察。结果认为花冠有三个类型，花药有两个类型，花粉和种皮
的外壁纹饰也可各分为三个类型。花冠的各种类型是稳定的，它们与花粉粒和种皮的特征明
显相关。其相关性是该属次级划分的主要依据。该属分为四个组。以O．bodinieri建立的
属，Dasydesmus Craib被并入Oreocharis。 相似文献