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1.
铜胁迫下氮肥对水稻幼苗生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了解氮肥对铜胁迫下水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,通过不同浓度Cu^2+对水稻种子的浸泡。研究了Cu^2+对水稻幼苗的根长、淀粉酶活性、脯氨酸和叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明,当Cu^2+浓度≤50mg/L时,施氮肥可促进水稻幼苗根系的活性,增强淀粉酶的活性,促进水稻种子的萌发和幼苗的生长;当Cu^2+浓度≥50mg/L时,施氮肥降低了水稻根系的活性,降低了水稻淀粉酶的活性,并且水稻种子的萌发和幼苗生长也受到抑制。因此根据土壤中Cu^2+的浓度,适当地施加氮肥,可以减轻重金属铜的毒害,达到农作物幼苗长势良好、增产的目的。  相似文献   

2.
研究施用外源SA(水杨酸)对Cd^2+毒害调控作用,比较不同浓度的Cd^2+胁迫下经外源SA处理后,油菜幼苗的渗透调节物质和保护酶活性等一系列生理指标.结果表明:一定浓度的Cd。’胁迫下,添加一定浓度的外源水杨酸(sA)使得植株叶片可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸含量升高、丙二醛(MDA)的积累减少,质膜透性降低、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性提高,外源SA对Cd^2+的毒害具有明显的缓解作用.  相似文献   

3.
目的:探究镧对大豆铝胁迫的缓解效应;方法:以铝敏感大豆BD2为材料,进行50μmol/L铝胁迫处理,然后添加不同浓度氯化镧(10、100和1000 mg L/L)测定大豆幼苗抗氧化及光合指标;结果:与对照组相比较,铝胁迫导致大豆幼苗根系伸长率、根冠比、鲜重及干重显著降低,叶片SOD、POD活性显著降低,且MDA含量显著升高,叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO_2浓度也均显著下降;而与铝胁迫处理相比,不同浓度镧处理对大豆幼苗根长、鲜重与干重、SOD与POD活性有不同程度地促进作用,并显著降低MDA含量,同时提高叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量,增强光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_2浓度,其中以10 mg/L镧处理效果最好;结论:适宜浓度的镧处理能够通过增强大豆幼苗的抗氧化能力,提高其光合性能,提高大豆幼苗对铝胁迫的适应能力,有效缓解铝对大豆幼苗生长的毒害。  相似文献   

4.
研究了不同浓度Hg~(2 )对水稻幼苗生长及其过氧化物酶活性的影响.结果表明,经Hg~(2 )胁迫的水稻幼苗,植株矮小,苗鲜重减少;低浓度Hg~(2 )使叶片叶绿素含量增加、POD活性升高.但随着Hg~(2 )浓度增大和处理天数增加,上述指标呈下降趋势,表明植物细胞遭受伤害.  相似文献   

5.
以中棉41、冀丰554、晋棉47三个品种棉花幼苗为供试材料,采用室内水培方法,研究Zn2、Pb2+不同浓度(0mg/L、40mg/L、100mg/L、160mg/L、260mg/L)胁迫对棉花幼苗POD活性、MDA含量、Pro含量的影响.结果表明:实验范围内,随胁迫浓度升高POD活性先升后降,MDA与Pro含量显著上升;低浓度(40 mg/L以下)胁迫对棉花幼苗没有影响,高浓度(40 mg/L以上)胁迫对棉花幼苗产生很大影响,160 mg/L左右达到POD所能调控的阀值范围;低浓度胁迫时,抗胁迫能力可能以抗渗透胁迫为主;对Zn2+胁迫耐性中棉41最强,晋棉47次之,冀丰554最低.对pb2胁迫耐性冀丰554最强,晋棉47次之,中棉41最低;Zn2+胁迫的棉花幼苗POD活性大于pb2胁迫;POD活性与不同逆境和不同浓度的相互作用关系较大,Pro含量与不同品种和不同浓度之间的相互作用关系较大.  相似文献   

6.
NaCl胁迫下水杨酸浸种对水稻幼苗生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本试验对稻种进行不同浓度的水杨酸浸泡处理,采用琼脂培养法,在50mmol/LNaCl胁迫下对水稻进行培养.水稻三叶一心期测量各项生理指标.结果表明:水杨酸浸种处理与空白对照相比较,水稻幼苗叶绿素含量增加,过氧化物酶活性提高,电导率降低,丙二醛含量降低.不同的水杨酸处理浓度相互比较,得出:0.1g/L的水杨酸处理浓度在50mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,能够最有效地提高水稻幼苗的抗性.  相似文献   

7.
NaCl胁迫下水杨酸浸种对水稻幼苗生长的影响   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
本试验对稻种进行不同浓度的水杨酸浸泡处理,采用琼脂培养法,在50mmol/LNaCl胁迫下对水稻进行培养,水稻三叶一心期测量各项生理指标。结果表明:水杨酸浸种处理与空白对照相比较,水稻幼苗叶绿素含量增加,过氧化物酶活性提高,电导率降低,丙二醛含量降低。不同的水杨酸处理浓度相互比较。得出:0.1g/L的水杨酸处理浓度在50mmol/LNa-Cl胁迫下,能够最有效地提高水稻幼苗的抗性。  相似文献   

8.
本实验采用不同浓度的铅、锌溶液对大豆种子进行处理,研究其对大豆幼苗生长的影响.通过测定发芽率、株高、根长、叶绿素含量和过氧化物酶活性,结果表明大豆幼苗生长对Zn2+胁迫表现出低促高抑现象,而对Pb2+胁迫则呈现出随Pb2+浓度升高而抑制加强的现象.  相似文献   

9.
以晋棉47、冀丰554、中棉41三个品种棉花为供试材料,采用室内水培和营养液培养的方法,研究了不同浓度NaCL、KCL(25、50、75和100 mmol/L)对棉花幼苗生理活性的影响,初步阐明NaCL、KCL对棉花幼苗的毒害机理。胁迫3天后取样,测定其过氧化物酶(POD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量,脯氨酸(Pro)含量。结果表明:随两种盐处理浓度的升高,三种棉花幼苗中MDA含量、脯氨酸含量均呈上升趋势,而POD活性先升后降。晋棉47在NaCL、KCL浓度为75mmol/L时POD活性最高;中棉41在NaCL、KCL浓度分别为50mmol/L、75mmol/L时POD活性最高;冀丰554在NaCL、KCL浓度分别为75mmol/L、50mmol/L时POD活性最高。  相似文献   

10.
以早籼稻“嘉育948”为材料,研究了 Al~(3+)、ABA、Ca~(2+)对水稻生长的影响及三者之间的相互关系.结果表明,Al~(3+)能抑制水稻种子的萌发和幼苗的生长发育.且这种毒害效应随Al~(3+)浓度的增加而增强.外源 ABA 和 Ca~(2+) 能提高水稻幼苗在铝胁迫条件下的抗逆性,极低浓度的ABA和适量的Ca~(2+)还能完全逆转 AP~(3+)对植株生长的抑制作用.  相似文献   

11.
属间远缘杂交水稻耐铁毒性研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以吉田昌—培养液为对照,添加不同浓度FeSO4作为铁毒胁迫处理,对二个属间远缘杂交水稻“远诱1号”和“遗传工程水稻1号”及三系杂交组合“汕优63”二叶龄幼苗进行耐铁毒性比较鉴定.试验结果表明,3个试验材料的耐铁毒性以高粱稻远诱1号及三系稻汕优63较强,遗传工程水稻1号耐铁毒性相对较弱.根据溶液中Fe2+/Fe3+的变化规律,稻体内持铁量的差异,稻株根系氧化力的区别,拒斥可能是汕优63的耐铁毒性生理基础,遗传工程水稻1号的耐性机制为容耐,而远诱1号的耐铁生理基础兼具拒斥与氧化双重机制而偏倚于主动氧化机制.体内钾、硅、镁、钙含量与铁离子含量密切相关,丰富的钾、硅、镁可以改善水稻的耐铁毒性  相似文献   

12.
Low temperature stress during germination and early seedling growth is an important constraint of global production of maize. The effects of seed priming with 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75% (w/v) chitosan solutions at 15 ℃ on the growth and physiological changes were investigated using two maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines, HuangC (chilling-tolerant) and Mo17 (chilling-sensitive). While seed priming with chitosan had no significant effect on germination percentage under low temperature stress, it enhanced germination index, reduced the mean germination time (MGT), and increased shoot height, root length, and shoot and root dry weights in both maize lines. The decline of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative permeability of the plasma membrane and the increase of the concentrations of soluble sugars and proline, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity were detected both in the chilling-sensitive and chilling-tolerant maize seedlings after priming with the three concentrations of chitosan. HuangC was less sensitive to responding to different concentrations of chitosan. Priming with 0.50% chitosan for about 60~64 h seemed to have the best effects. Thus, it suggests that seed priming with chitosan may improve the speed of germination of maize seed and benefit for seedling growth under low temperature stress.  相似文献   

13.
以玉米种子为试验材料,采用砂培法研究了水杨酸(SA)对铅(Pb2+)胁迫下玉米种子的萌发、叶绿素含量、MDA含量、POD活性、等方面的影响。结果表明:低浓度的SA≤80mg/L时,能促进铅胁迫下玉米幼苗的生长,表现为玉米种子的发芽率增大,幼苗根长的增加,叶绿素含量增大,MDA的含量降低,POD活性升高,等。当SA浓度为60mg/L~80mg/L,Pb2+≤1mg/L时,SA对Pb2+的解毒效应最明显,当SA浓度为100mg/L,Pb2+为8mg/L时,SA与Pb2+协同迫害幼苗的生长。  相似文献   

14.
水杨酸对PEG胁迫下商麦5226幼苗生长的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以商麦5226为研究对象,研究不同浓度(0.65、0.75、0.85 mmol·L-1)外源水杨酸对水分胁迫下小麦的生理影响。结果表明,0.65-0.75 mmol·L-1外源水杨酸可以促进水分胁迫下幼苗根茎的生长,降低MDA含量和提高POD活性,提高小麦苗期的抗旱能力;但不同部位最适浓度不同,根的最适浓度为0.75 mmol·L-1,茎的最适浓度为0.65 mmol·L-1,浓度超过0.85 mmol·L-1对根茎生长有一定的抑制作用。  相似文献   

15.
To investigate the Fe2 effects on root tips in rice plant, experiments were carded out using border cells in vitro. The border cells were pre-planted in aeroponic culture and detached from root tips. Most border cells have a long elliptical shape. The number and the viability of border cells in situ reached the maxima of 1600 and 97.5%, respectively, at 20~25 mm root length. This mortality was more pronounced at the first 1~12 h exposure to 250 mg/L Fe2 than at the last 12~36 h. After 36 h, the cell viability exposed to 250 mg/L Fe2 decreased to nought, whereas it was 46.5% at 0 mg/L Fe2 . Increased Fe2 dosage stimulated the death of detached border cells from rice cultivars. After 4 h Fe2 treatment, the cell viabilities were≥80% at 0 and 50 mg/L Fe2 treatment and were <62% at 150, 250 and 350 mg/L Fe2 treatment; The viability of border cells decreased by 10% when the Fe2 concentration increased by 100 mg/L. After 24 h Fe2 treatment, the viabilities of border cells at all the Fe2 levels were <65%; The viability of border cells decreased by 20% when the Fe2 concentration increased by 100 mg/L. The decreased viabilities of border cells indicated that Fe2 dosage and treatment time would cause deadly effect on the border cells. The increased cell death could protect the root tips from toxic harm. Therefore, it may protect root from the damage caused by harmful iron toxicity.  相似文献   

16.
Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for humans, but Zn deficiency has become serious as equally as iron (Fe) and vitamin A deficiencies nowadays. Selection and breeding of high Zn-density crops is a suitable, cost-effective, and sustainable way to improve human health. However, the mechanism of high Zn density in rice grain is not fully understood, especially how Zn transports from soil to grains. Hydroponics experiments were carried out to compare Zn uptake and distribution in two different Zn-density rice genotypes using stable isotope technique. At seedling stage, IR68144 showed higher 68Zn uptake and transport rate to the shoot for the short-term, but no significant difference was observed in both genotypes for the long-term. Zn in xylem sap of IR68144 was consistently higher, and IR68144 exhibited higher Zn absorption ratio than IR64 at sufficient (2.0 μmol/L) or surplus (8.0 μmol/L) Zn supply level. IR64 and IR68144 showed similar patterns of 68Zn accumulation in new leaves at seedling stage and in developing grains at ripening stage, whereas 68Zn in new leaves and grains of IR68144 was consistently higher. These results suggested that a rapid root-to-shoot translocation and enhanced xylem loading capacity may be the crucial processes for high Zn density in rice grains.  相似文献   

17.
不同浓度铅处理对桐花树叶片生理指标的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以红树植物桐花树2a生龄苗为试验材料,采用淡水水培法研究了不同浓度Pb2+(0 mg/L(对照组)、10mg/L、25 mg/L、50 mg/L、100 mg/L、300mg/L、500 mg/L)对桐花树叶片的超氧负离子(O2-)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、蛋白质以及可溶性总糖量含量的影响.结果表明:随着Pb2+浓度的升高,桐花树叶片中O2-和MDA含量均呈上升趋势,且均显著高于对照,最高值范围是在Pb2+浓度100~500mg/L;而蛋白质含量和POD的活性则呈下降趋势,且均显著低于对照.SOD活性在铅胁迫浓度为10 mg/L时达到最大,当高于10mg/L时,则随Pb2+浓度的升高而下降.可溶性糖含量在Pb2+浓度为0~300 mg/L时,随Pb2+浓度的升高而显著增大.试验表明:桐花树叶片在浓度为10~100mg/L铅处理下,可以通过自身的内在调控抵御铅污染,即轻度的铅污染有利于桐花树的生长;在300~500mg/L高浓度铅胁迫下,各种生理指标出现衰减,显示高浓度铅胁迫的抑制效应,不利于桐花树生长.  相似文献   

18.
Cu~(2+)和Zn~(2+)对小麦幼苗生长生理的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了两种相同价态的金属离子Cu2+和Zn2+对小麦幼苗生长生理的影响.结果表明,较高浓度的Cu2+和Zn2+对小麦幼苗的生理生化有明显的影响作用,过量的Cu2+和Zn2+对小麦地上地下部分的生长、叶绿素的合成、根系活力都有不同程度的抑制作用,从而对植株产生不同程度的伤害.  相似文献   

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