共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Amy J. Stichman McKenzie Wood Anna-Alicia Watson 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2019,30(1):1-21
Despite the prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses, college students’ views regarding rape continue to be an understudied area. Using criminal justice and sociology students who either attended a mock sexual assault trial or viewed the trial video in their class, this study examined students’ attitudes toward rape and rape myth acceptance. Surveys assessed what students believed the verdict should be and why, along with questions surrounding rape myths and beliefs regarding women. Results indicate that female students were more likely to find the defendant guilty. None of the attitudinal variables or plans to work in the criminal justice system, however, had an effect on the verdict. Multiple factors such as gender, race, and hostility toward women influenced attitudes regarding rape myths. These findings suggest that attitudes may be less important when determining sexual assault defendants’ guilt than the facts of the case. Policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
2.
The authors surveyed graduate counseling students regarding their attitudes toward homosexuality: its etiology; the mental health of homosexuals; the role of the mental health professional in treating homosexual clients; and myths and fallacies surrounding homosexuality. The results indicate that counseling students feel ill-prepared to deal with homosexual clients, are unsure about the etiology of homosexuality, and that female students respond differently from male students regarding many aspects of homosexuality. 相似文献
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4.
James E. Thornton 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(4):301-312
This paper is about ageist stereotypes dressed-up in the garb of myth that biases perceptions and experiences of being old. The paper argues current ''mythmaking'' about aging perpetuates that which it intends to dispel: ageism. It considers how traditional myths and folklore explained personal experience, shaped social life, and offered meaning for the unexplainable. The current myths of aging perform these same functions in our culture; however, they are based on half-truths, false knowledge, and stated as ageist stereotypes about that which is known. Current myths of aging found in the media and literature of aging are not myths as such, but ''straw man'' statements that attempt to inform; however, they reinforce misconceptions and wrong information about aging as experienced by the vast majority of older people. Recent studies in the cognitive sciences are reviewed to provide insight about the mind's inherent ability to construct categories, concepts, and stereotypes as it responds to experience. These normal processes need to be better understood, particularly regarding how social stereotypes are constructed. Finally, the paper argues that ageist stereotypes when labeled as ''myth'' even in the pursuit of the realities of aging, neither educate the public about the opportunities and challenges of aging nor inform social and health practitioners about the aged. Three research and educational strategies are outlined for critical studies in aging and educational gerontology. 相似文献
5.
Viren Swami Stefan Stieger Jakob Pietschnig Ingo W. Nader Martin Voracek 《Learning and individual differences》2012,22(3):404-408
There currently exists a dearth of research on the transmission and assimilation of myths. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel scale that measures belief in science-related myths. A total of 363 participants completed this new scale along with measures of personality (the Big Five factors), anti-scientific attitudes, and New Age orientation. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the items of the belief in myths scale could be reduced to two factors concerning human-related and non-human-related myths. Both factors were internally reliable, were moderately inter-correlated, and were not rated significantly differently by women and men (although human-related myths were rated as significantly more believable than non-human-related myths). Further analysis showed that only human myths were significantly predicted by anti-scientific attitudes and the Big Five factor of Extraversion. These results are discussed in relation to the promotion of scientific literacy. 相似文献
6.
张舒姗 《河北北方学院学报(社会科学版)》2014,(4):42-47,55
中国灿烂的阳鸟文化滥觞于上古时期,先民们把昼伏夜出的乌鸦幻想成载日的神鸟,又衍生出家喻户晓的射日故事。而极其相似的神话故事也在大洋彼端的美洲印第安原住民中广泛流布,太阳、火与乌鸦神仿佛被习惯性地捆绑成特定类型。古代中国与印第安人都将乌鸦视为载日神鸟,分别从乌鸟载日与衔日的想象衍生出射日与盗日神话。研究两种古老文明中相似的神话故事,或可为人种迁移说提供新证。 相似文献
7.
Abstract For more than 2 decades, professional, state, and federal agencies have adopted educational standards aimed at improving mathematics instruction. One way of measuring the success of these adopted standards is to examine their impact on the mathematics attitudes and beliefs of students who received their education during this reform period. How teachers approach and implement these mathematics standards is heavily influenced by what they believe about mathematics content and pedagogy. For those who seek to improve mathematics education, examining beliefs regarding mathematics and the factors that influence those beliefs is imperative. In this paper we explore the persistence of teacher candidates' beliefs in myths despite changing educational standards. The beliefs of 76 current elementary teacher candidates were compared to beliefs of 131 elementary teacher candidates from 1990. The results confirm the pervasiveness and persistence of math myths among female elementary teacher candidates. 相似文献
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This article examines the diffusion and present day status of a family of unsubstantiated learning-retention myths, some of which are referred to as ‘the learning pyramid’. We demonstrate through an extensive search in academic journals and field-specific encyclopaedias that these myths are indeed widely publicised in academia and that they have gained a considerable level of authority. We also argue that the academic publishing of these myths is potentially harmful to both professional as well as political deliberations on educational issues, and therefore should be criticized and counteracted. 相似文献
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伏羲神话和九隆神话都是我国著名的神话,伏羲神话一般被视为是汉族的神话,但在我国的许多少数民族地区,仍然流传着诸多关于伏羲的神话。需要强调的是,文中所指的伏羲神话是所有和伏羲有关的神话,而不是特指某一个关于伏羲的神话。九隆神话则是我国西南地区的一个神话,通过对比分析,我们可以发现这两个神话具有很多的相似之处。拟从情节内容和文化内涵两方面出发,对两个神话的相似之处进行分析和阐述。 相似文献
10.
凌继尧 《安徽师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2002,30(1):106-108
希腊神话是希腊美学的母体.希腊神话和希腊美学的关系表现为:希腊美学是对希腊神话的反思;希腊神话是希腊审美意识的萌芽;希腊神话对宇宙的描绘,使宇宙在希腊美学中占有重要地位. 相似文献
11.
神话是人类童年的文学。本文从劳动的回音、对大自然的初期认识、对后世文化的影响三方面阐述了中国、希腊古代神话的相同相似之处，从人神关系、对待人与非人的力量、神话所反映的社会关系、神话的系统性四个方面分析了中国、希腊古代神话的差异，并从地理原因的角度分析产生差异的原因，意在从文化学的角度分析中国、希腊文学发端之差异。 相似文献
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Esenc M. Balam 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2010,35(2):209-221
Based on the review of student ratings myths by Aleamoni (1987, 1999), a survey research design was used to analyse differences between college students' (n = 968) and faculty's (n = 34) perceptions. Generally, students held stronger beliefs in these myths, in that they believed faculty with excellent publication records were better qualified to evaluate teaching and that student ratings on single general items are accurate measures of teaching effectiveness. On the other hand, faculty believed that student ratings were invalid and unreliable. Further examination of student characteristics revealed that male students held stronger beliefs in these myths. Finally, students' beliefs in these myths were correlated with their actual ratings of nine dimensions of the Student Evaluation of Educational Quality. A discussion as well as suggestions for using student ratings is provided. 相似文献
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Pamela I. Ansburg 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(5):330-341
ABSTRACTOlder adults hold many misconceptions about health and wellness that reduce their health literacy. To counter these misconceptions, health educators commonly turn to educational interventions that include myth-busting—making explicit health-related myths and refuting those myths. Because of typical age-related changes in memory functioning, there is some question as to whether myth-busting is an effective technique for use with older adults. The present work assessed whether making older adults explicitly aware of common myths about osteoarthritis and refuting those myths would effectively debunk those myths and lead to correct beliefs about osteoarthritis. Older adults participated in two data collection sessions separated, on average, by 5 days. During the first session, participants read pamphlets about osteoarthritis that either employed myth-busting techniques or did not. Then after a brief delay, participants completed a quiz that measured adherence to the myths. Adherence to the myths was assessed again during the second data collection session. The analyses revealed that making myths salient significantly reduced adherence to myths immediately after the myth-busting presentation; however, as time passed, the corrective effects of myth-busting dissipated. Medical myth-busting appears to be an ineffective way to induce long-term corrections in older adults. Future research should focus on identifying methods by which health educators could leverage myth-busting’s short-term positive impact to affect long-lasting corrections. Until there is evidence that the positive impact of myth-busting can be maintained over time, health educators should be wary of using this technique with older adult patients. 相似文献
14.
孙雪霞 《四川师范学院学报》2011,(6):36-39
中国神话研究起步较晚。王国维把《庄子》书中大量的＂故事＂与西方的＂神话＂联系起来,开百年《庄子》神话研究之先声。郎擎霄确认了《庄子》书中神话传说的存在,以此说明《庄子》艺术手法的高超。茅盾看重《庄子》的哲学思想,认为庄子改造利用神话材料为寓言的过程中已经使神话非神话化了。闻一多认为庄子崇信万物有灵,对神话采取了吸收、消融和改造的态度。新中国成立后,袁珂对《庄子》神话研究用力颇深。新时期《庄子》神话研究主要集中在神话-寓言研究、神话意象研究、神话思维研究,与《山海经》、屈原的比较研究等几方面。反思《庄子》神话研究,是庄学研究的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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金爱秀 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,11(8):11-14
徐旭生对考古学研究的理论贡献有三：一是“上古三大集团”理论;二是在古代国家形成的问题上,古代中国经历了氏族社会的解体——夏王国的建立——秦汉大帝国的形成;三是任何民族历史开始的时候都是传说和神话杂糅在一起的,掺杂神的传说同纯粹的神话有分别,可在传说中找出历史的核心。徐旭生考古学研究渊源除了深厚的国学功底及对古史研究的热情外,到西方留学经历使其接触到了西方先进的人类学理论和实践活动以及国内学者蒙文通、傅斯年对古代民族的划分理论都对其产生了重大影响。其理论对疑古学派的观点进行了有力反驳,推动了苏秉琦“区系类型说”的提出,为我们开创了一条通过研究神话传说来进行考古研究的新途径,推动了中国文明起源研究的进程。 相似文献
16.
中国与希腊神话女性形象比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
吴童 《内江师范学院学报》2008,23(5):86-88
希腊神话中的女性往往与灾难、万恶结缘。但她们中极少有十恶不赦的反面典型,而呈现出一种更为复杂的非伦理化色彩和更加本真的原生态特征。与中国神话相比,希腊神话凸现的是“真”,并与“美”紧密相连,女性形象之“美”的塑造偏于个性与率真,从而淡化了伦理道德层面的“善”。原始神话对女性形象的不同描写,影响了中希两国女性文学形象的特点与趋向。 相似文献
17.
James M. Kauffman Jean B. Schumaker Jeanmarie Badar Betty A. Hallenbeck 《Exceptionality》2019,27(2):149-166
We suggest that special education could die among common myths about it. That is, special education could cease to exist, at least as we know it, because its true nature and requirements for its functioning are misunderstood. We discuss only 12 common myths about special education, recognizing that there are many more myths and that the ones we write about could be stated differently. We conclude with comments about how the long roots of the idea that special education could become unnecessary might be traced to a publication by Evelyn Deno in 1970 and express our hope that special education will continue as a separate entity. 相似文献
18.
涂平 《福建工程学院学报》2015,(5):414-418
将以伏羲、女娲为核心的中国洪水神话和希伯来洪水神话（《旧约·创世记》洪水神话）进行了比较、互释,认为这两个神话的初次创世产生于原始母系社会,再次创世产生于父权社会,洪水是两次创世的分水岭,其功能在摧毁母系社会、开启父权社会。神话中的洪水可分自然洪水和文化洪水,中国的洪水后兄妹婚神话和《旧约·创世记》洪水神话不反映洪水自然现象本身,属文化洪水,与所谓的历史上爆发过的一次淹没全世界的大洪水无关,想从中挖掘历史真相是徒劳的。 相似文献
19.
Kenneth Tobin George Dawson 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1992,40(1):81-92
Curriculum reform efforts usually have ignored the culture in which curriculum is embedded. Principal components of the culture are the knowledge of teachers and the myths of this culture. Images, metaphors, and metonymies are forms of teacher knowledge that influence the manner in which teachers define their roles and implement the curriculum. Unless endeavors are made to facilitate teacher learning through the construction of new images, metaphors, and metonymies, it is unlikely that curricular reform will proceed in the intended manner. Similarly, the myths that define the customs and taboos of a culture need to be considered by instructional designers if their curricular resources are to be used as intended. The myths ofteacher as controller of students andobjectivism together might persuade teachers to adhere to the more traditional approach whereby knowledge is transferred to students in teacher-controlled activities.This article describes theScience Vision series, a hypermedia system developed in response to a clear need for additional resources to educate teachers concerning alternative myths and their use in relation to utilizing resources. 相似文献
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毕旭玲 《荆州师范学院学报》2009,(3):20-23
20世纪前期,海外学者（主要是欧美及日本学者）研究中国神话传说的论著开始进入国人视野,对中国神话传说研究产生了直接影响。在海外研究方法的影响下,20世纪前期中国神话传说的研究与国外先进的研究保持了较为一致的步调,这也是中国神话传说学进入世界学术轨道的标志之一。 相似文献