共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
宋宏 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2013,32(1):71-74
指称转喻是一种认知上的“概念参照点”现象。人称代词间接回指不同于有定名词短语作为间接回指,在于其转喻过程属于“二度搭桥”,需要耗损更多的认知努力。但如果两个参照点之间容易建立起密切的概念关系就会减少这种耗损,在经济原则上就具有了优选性。构建一个“双核概念参照转喻模型”来整合回指识解和转喻识解两种语言现象,可以为人称代词间接回指在语篇中的释义机制提供解释力。 相似文献
2.
宋宏 《沈阳教育学院学报》2012,14(1):129-131
研究了语篇间接回指的转喻问题。语言学界公认转喻的主要功能是指称。语料分析表明,在语篇中间接回指的转喻机制受到语义关联关系、认知框架转化和概念突显属性的制约,语言具有转喻的本质属性。 相似文献
3.
许余龙(2004)指出,回指是指这样一种语言现象,即一个(往往是简略的)语言表达式来指代同一篇章中(通常是上文已经出现过的,但也不排除是下文中的)另一个语言表达式所表征的意义或事物。陈平(1987)将回指分为名词回指、代词回指和零形回指。认知语言学家认为,人们用转喻进行说话和思维是我们日常经验的重要组成部分之一,因此我们就可以依靠转喻思维来解读语篇回指。本文首先简要回顾了关于语篇回指的研究,进而构建转喻的理论框架阐释英语语篇回指;最后指出了这项研究的不足之处。 相似文献
4.
桂丽丽 《吉林广播电视大学学报》2011,(10):147-148
语篇连贯是语篇分析领域最重要的话题之一。随着认知语言学的发展,认知对语篇连贯的影响越来越受到关注。本文旨在研究认知语言学中的概念隐喻和概念转喻对语篇连贯建构的影响。文章阐释了概念隐喻和概念转喻的理论,以一则关于美国金融危机的文章为语料,分别论证概念隐喻和概念转喻是如何建构其语篇连贯的,探讨隐喻、转喻和语篇连贯三者的联系。 相似文献
5.
认知语言学的概念隐喻理论和概念转喻理论可用于解析委婉语的认知机制。结合该二者理论分析有关经济报道中表述经济危机的委婉语,从源域到目标域的概念化映射总结出三种委婉表达经济危机的概念隐喻类别;剖析有关经济危机的两个例句中事物之间的替代关系论证概念转喻也是构成委婉语认知机制的基础;探讨经济危机与空间概念“向下”之间的关联说明了委婉语的认知机制还可以通过概念隐喻与概念转喻的交织得以实现。 相似文献
6.
本文以汉语中含发音器官"嘴、口、舌和唇"的复合词或习语为语料,从概念转喻理论的视角探讨其中的转喻本质。研究发现,这些复合词、习语包含概念转喻"发音器官指代言语",尝试从"发音器官特征为言语特征""影响发音器官的活动为言语活动"和"发音器官的效力为言语效力"三个子类型方面去了解并阐释汉语中"嘴、口、舌和唇"的惯用表达语和概念转喻意义,以期对汉语教学尤其是汉语词汇教学有一定启发。 相似文献
7.
《校园英语(教研版)》2015,(32):36-37
传统意义上,隐喻和转喻只是被看作是在散文、小说、诗歌等文体中使用的修辞手段,没有被看作是促进外语学习的方法。然而,随着莱考夫和约翰逊的《我们来意生存的隐喻》一书的问世。隐喻和转喻不再仅限于文体的修辞手段,莱考夫和约翰逊指出隐喻和转喻存在于每个人的日常生活中,它们是一种认知现象,是一种思维方式。作为一种思维方式,对外语词汇教学起着重要的作用。概念隐喻概念转喻是一种有效的学习词汇的方法。 相似文献
8.
伍雁 《湖南科技学院学报》2014,(9)
转喻不仅是一种修辞手段,更是人类的一种认知能力,在汉语动词名词化的过程中,转喻具有极强的解释力。用认知语法分析,动词名词化中的转指就是概念转喻这一认知能力作用的结果,其本质是以过程来转喻过程中的参与者。 相似文献
9.
赵超 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,30(8):61-64
合成空间理论在之前的研究中已成功应用于对实时隐喻的解释,这一理论同样能够应用于概念转喻的认知分析。概念转喻包括命题转喻和言外转喻,两者可视为空间合成从点对点映射经过类属空间再到层创结构生成的动态认知过程,进而推出话语的实时语用意义。因此,合成空间理论可用于阐释概念转喻的实时意义建构和分析实时转喻过程中包含的语用推理机制。 相似文献
10.
认知语义学认为概念转喻是思维、认知推理的方式,在语言使用中具有普遍性。体验性是转喻具有跨语言可译性的认知基础,"语言-认知-世界"的多重互动和谐原则是概念转喻翻译的总体认知原则。研究提出三条转喻翻译的认知语义策略:(1)在源语和目标语之间建立转喻认知图式,实现创造性的翻译;(2)把转喻翻译看作是一个双重认知过程,传达准确的文化意义;(3)转喻翻译要在目标语中找到概念和形式的统一,实现源语和目标语认知的和谐。 相似文献
11.
《海外英语》2012,(3):7-8
The anaphora resolution firstly relies on the special association between the anaphor and the antecedent.But this kind of associa tion may not result in the accomplishment of the anaphora resolution.By the analysis of many kinds of anaphoric examples,this paper will point out that,when the anaphora resolution has some mistake,the linguistic context will restrict on anaphor.The purpose is to influence semantic connection between the antecedent and the anaphor,and make the anaphora resolution accomplish successfully. 相似文献
12.
间接回指是指话语上下文中先行成分和照应成分之间没有直接指代关系的一种特殊回指形式。对间接回指的理解需要对其理解的认知过程进行分析。框架语义学作为一种认知语义学提供了对词汇意义的描写方法,其中的“框架”概念是一种对概念的认知组织形式。框架中一个概念元素可以激活概念中的其它概念元素。框架语义学对间接回指中指称确定和认知推理有较强的解释力。我们尝试运用F illmore提出的框架语义学对这种语言现象进行探讨。 相似文献
13.
移就作为一种非常规的语言现象,其生成理据主要是概念隐喻和概念转喻。移就是概念转隐喻思维方式在语言层面上的具体体现。 相似文献
14.
Ting Fang 《Journal of Research in Reading》2016,39(3):347-365
Successful anaphor comprehension in reading is related to the explicitness of the antecedent–anaphor relation. It mirrors one of the purposes of textual enhancement (TE), which is that it raises learners' awareness of linguistic forms by enhancing the salience of input. Therefore, learners notice the enhanced form and discover the rule or relationship after they have become relatively explicit. This study investigates the effects of TE on second language learners' anaphor resolution performance and reading comprehension, to reveal the interaction among learners' comprehension, anaphor performance and noticing. Sixty EFL learners in Taiwan were divided into the control and TE groups. Participants' posttest responses were compared with respect to their anaphor resolution performance and their reading comprehension degree. The results showed that the TE group had better anaphor resolution performance, and participants' form processing did not impede their reading comprehension. These findings are discussed with both theoretical and pedagogical implications. 相似文献
15.
沈婷 《四川教育学院学报》2011,27(11):78-81
零形回指在汉语使用中十分普遍,而话语结构特征对于零形回指的使用起重要的制约作用。话语结构特征对零形回指的制约作用体现在微观连续性和宏观连续性两个方面。先行词的启后性和回指对象的承前性越强,所指对象的微观连续性越强。宏观连续性取决于先行词和回指对象各自所在的句子在话语组织中的关系。直接管辖这两个句子的语式在话语结构中所处层次越低,两句之间插入成分越少,所指对象宏观连续性越强。这里以《边城》为例,分析汉语中的零形回指。 相似文献
16.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of some factors that influence English as Second Language (ESL) readers’ ability to resolve anaphoric expressions. Fifty full-time ESL students randomly drawn from three different proficiency levels served as unpaid volunteers for the project. Data were elicited by means of multiple-choice and cloze tests. The experimental design contains one between-subjects factor (proficiency level) and three within-subjects factors, all orthogonally manipulated (number of antecedents, case of pronominal anaphor, and propositional distance from antecedent). A four-way mixed ANOVA for the multiple-choice tests indicated significant effects for proficiency level, case of anaphor, and the interaction of case and number of antecedents. A similar four-way ANOVA for the cloze tests indicated significant effects for proficiency level, number of antecedents, case of anaphor, distance from antecedent, and for the interactions of case and antecedents, antecedents and distance, and case and distance. Similarities in the findings from this study and other first and second language studies are noted. Latent trait measurement procedures were employed to produce a rank order of difficulty for the different item types examined in this study. 相似文献
17.
The aim of this experimental study was to compare learning outcomes of students using a simulation alone (simulation environment) with outcomes of those using a simulation in parallel with real circuits (combination environment) in the domain of electricity, and to explore how learning outcomes in these environments are mediated by implicit (only procedural guidance) and explicit (more structure and guidance for the discovery process) instruction. Matched‐quartets were created based on the pre‐test results of 50 elementary school students and divided randomly into a simulation implicit (SI), simulation explicit (SE), combination implicit (CI) and combination explicit (CE) conditions. The results demonstrated that the instructional support had an expected effect on students' understanding of electric circuits when they used the simulation alone; pure procedural guidance (SI) was insufficient to promote conceptual understanding, but when the students were given more guidance for the discovery process (SE) they were able to gain significant amount of subject knowledge. A surprising finding was that when the students used the simulation and the real circuits in parallel, the explicit instruction (CE) did not seem to elicit much additional gain for their understanding of electric circuits compared to the implicit instruction (CI). Instead, the explicit instruction slowed down the inquiry process substantially in the combination environment (CE). Although the explicit instruction was able to improve students' conceptual understanding of electrical circuits considerably in the simulation environment, their understanding did not reach the level of the students in the combination environment. These results suggest that when teaching students about electricity, the students can gain better understanding when they have an opportunity to use the simulation and the real circuits in parallel than if they have only a computer simulation available, even when the use of the simulation is supported with the explicit instruction. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 71–93, 2011 相似文献
18.
卢美艳 《四川教育学院学报》2010,26(5):86-88
非典型名名组合一方面反映了语言形式和表达的相似性,同时也揭示了意义构建的复杂性。因为该组合的意义并非来自其各组成部分意义的简单相加,而是经过整合后形成的新创意义。换句话说,非典型名名组合的意义是由这两个名词所构成的输入心理空间在环境信息和背景知识的共同影响下形成一个具有新创结构的整合空间,然后经过组合、完善和细化产生了新的意义。 相似文献
19.
王亚同 《青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008,45(1):117-122
语义记忆网络是由大量的概念特征构成的。概念特征分为差异特征和共同特征,差异特征比共同特征更容易激活。概念特征之间的关系有外显的因果关系和内隐的相关关系,概念的特征关系和特征相关都影响抽象概念的信息加工过程。语义记忆模型主要有层次网络理论、扩散激活网络、感觉功能理论、概念结构理论、具体范围假设和吸引者联想模型。当前研究的主要目标就是细化这些理论模型,就是将结构成分与加工成分结合起来说明行为数据。这些研究结果有助于揭示我国大学生学习英语的心理机制。 相似文献
20.
通过对概念转喻的本质、认知原则、认知运作模式及其认知理据等的解读,说明转喻作为一个认知域中的概念映射,是一个概念实体或载体,在同一ICM或认知域内运作,向另一个概念实体或目标提供心理可及的认知过程。其认知的基本原则是邻近性相对突显性和可及性原则。它可以在多种转喻生成关系的同一ICM中运作,其目标义在概念上是突显的。通过分析汉语熟语在概念整合网络中的在线意义构建和幕后认知,认为Fauconnier的心理空间理论和概念整合理论对于转喻性和隐喻性习语表达方式的工作机制和解释提供了一种适当的理据。 相似文献