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1.
José Manuel Coronel Llamas 《Higher Education》2006,52(4):665-686
We have completed a piece of research into the process of production of speech on the part of students as regards their idea
of ‘the good student’, taking social postmodern theories as a conceptual reference and within the university context. The
study tries to show how disciplinary technologies are a major influence in the make-up of particular types of students. It
is an exploration of the discourses used by students reflecting their vision of university, teaching and learning. The aim
is to understand their reasoning by means of the view they have of academic activity and life. Starting from Michael Foucault’s
thoughts on power relations in the context of educational practices we present a plan of discourse analysis based on accounts
made by the students themselves. 相似文献
2.
Creativity is viewed in different ways in different disciplines: in education it is called ‘innovation’, in business it is
‘entrepreneurship’, in mathematics it is often equated with ‘problem solving’, and in music it is ‘performance’ or ‘composition’.
A creative product in different domains is measured against the norms of that domain, with its own rules, approaches and conceptions
of creativity. 相似文献
3.
Susan Mathieson 《Higher Education》2012,63(5):549-564
There is a growing awareness of the need to move beyond generic approaches to teaching, learning and assessment (TLA) to consider
the importance of context in shaping TLA practices. However, efforts to engage with context have focused primarily on disciplinary
epistemologies and in particular the differences between hard, soft, pure and applied disciplines. This paper argues that
disciplines should be considered not just in terms of epistemological differences, but as socially situated practices. This
research is based on interviews with 30 academics across 4 merging disciplinary workgroups of a South African university.
A framework for exploring TLA workgroup cultures is proposed, drawing on a modified communities of practice theory (COPT),
that moves beyond functionalist accounts of socially situated practices in COPT to focus on how departmental TLA cultures
mediate between individual agency and a range of structural factors. When looking at disciplinary TLA cultures through this
lens this research found that what was more significant than the differences between disciplines based on epistemological
difference were differences in the ways academic workgroups mediated between the knowledge structures of the discipline and
the challenges of a society in transition with competing expectations of students, knowledge, the state, marketization, and
the demands for reconstruction and development. It was thus the work done in localised workgroups on disciplinary epistemologies
in response to a range of contextual factors that was found to be more significant than differences between the disciplines
in defining TLA cultures. 相似文献
4.
Towards a research training curriculum: What, Why, How, Who? 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Our purpose in this paper is to investigate the ways in which the work of research higher degree supervision is being reshaped from within and outside universities. Our interest is in the means by which new ‘content’ and ‘process’ knowledge — and thus a new set of pedagogical tasks and relationships — are being configured in the field of higher degree research. The outcomes of research training have traditionally been products of a one-on-one supervisory relationship, that is, academic apprentice-to-disciplinary mentor. This is especially the case in the fields of arts/humanities. Any ‘curriculum’ necessary to such a model has been both implicit and at the discretion of the disciplinary ‘master’. 相似文献
5.
Karen Dooley 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2003,30(3):25-42
Education Queensland’s New Basics project has extended conceptions of ‘equity’ to incorporate dimensions such as higher order thinking and student control of classroom activity. This requires a critique of the outcomes attained by even high achieving students. It is therefore useful to interrogate professional discourses that shape pedagogies for particular groups of students. In this paper, discourses on ‘the Chinese learner’ are reviewed. The review raises new issues of equity because Chinese students are often high achievers in Australian schools, but are frequently criticised for learning in ways that seem to fit uneasily with the types of pedagogy now valorised in Queensland. The paper concludes with a note of caution about the definition of high quality academic outcomes in the new policy, and the effects of a gap between understandings of equity and professional discourses and practice. 相似文献
6.
Sherran Clarence 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(2):127-137
This paper discusses the role of a writing centre in creating spaces for talk about and change in disciplinary writing pedagogy. It asks how collaborative partnerships between disciplinary academics and Writing Centre practitioners might be established and nurtured sustainably. Drawing on insights from two collaborations with academics in political studies and law, the article asserts that writing centre practitioners play a valuable role in talking about and changing the way academic writing and literacy is taught in the disciplines. This is shown by working consistently with the understanding that critical reading, thinking and writing are literacy acts rather than generic skills and must therefore be learned and practiced in the disciplines. By supporting disciplinary academics in re-examining course outcomes, materials and assessments, and moving away from a ‘skills approach’ to writing, it is shown that building discipline-specific spaces for writing and literacy development is possible through these collaborative partnerships. 相似文献
7.
Eric Toshalis 《The Urban Review》2012,44(1):1-35
How teachers “care” for students is a well-established line of inquiry in educational research, but the ways such “care” may
function as symbolic violence have received scant attention. In this ethnographic investigation of classroom disciplinary
interactions, the characteristics and functions of preservice teachers’ care discourses are examined. By translating deficit
discourses into expressions of praise for students’ nonacademic talents, the participants’ rhetoric of care effectively shifts
blame for failure from teacher to student. The preservice teachers’ expressions of care also function to veil the power being
produced in such rhetoric, to frame the teacher as victim when said care is rejected, and to reverse the carer/cared-for dynamic
when teachers’ attempts to inspire academic progress are unsuccessful. Implications for teacher education and teacher development
are provided as are suggestions for how to recognize and implement more authentic forms of care. 相似文献
8.
Faculties of education and institutional strategies for knowledge mobilization: an exploratory study
The goal to enhance the impacts of academic research in the ‘real world’ resonates with progressive visions of the role of
universities in society, and finds support among policy makers who have sought to enhance the ‘transfer’, ‘translation’, ‘uptake’,
or ‘valorization’ of research knowledge in several areas of public services. This paper reports on an exploratory study of
the strategies used by selected Canadian and international faculties of education to mobilize research knowledge. Drawing
on data from semi-structured interviews with senior administrators of 13 faculties of education, the analysis reveals several
themes. Academic leaders recognize knowledge mobilization as a desirable institutional mission, but they identify a number
of barriers to greater efforts in this area. Although a number of strategies are employed, changes across multiple organizational
dimensions to encourage and support knowledge mobilization were reported at only two institutions. These results are relevant
to faculty administrators, scholars, and policy-makers interested in understanding the role of academic institutions in the
mobilization of research knowledge to the broader education community. 相似文献
9.
Knowing a world in common: The role of workplace educators in the global production of working knowledge 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lesley Farrell 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2003,30(1):3-18
In this paper I am concerned with the challenge workplace learners and educators face, as they engage with global economies,
to create ‘a world in common as … known in common’ (Smith 1999). I focus first on why global companies need their geographically
dispersed workers to engage with a world ‘in common’, and how they go about constructing such a world. I pay particular attention
to the role of written texts in connecting individual local sites with global discourses of knowledge production. Next, I
explore the roles that workplace educators play in producing and interpreting the written texts of contemporary workplaces
to produce ‘working knowledge’. I develop the argument that a critical dimension of the work of many workplace educators is
the standardisation of language practice across institutions on a global scale, mediating local and global discourses to produce
and use working knowledge. Finally, I discuss the political implications of the textual work that workplace educators undertake. 相似文献
10.
《Studies in Continuing Education》2013,35(2):183-199
Initiatives of curriculum reform currently underway in higher education in South Africa attempt to move undergraduate curricula towards more structured and integrated degree programmes so as to enable greater control over the quality of "graduateness", especially the development of generic, flexible and transferable skills associated with the idea of a learning society. This paper uses a case study of a one-semester university course, designed to support the development of a "critical citizen", to illustrate the challenges involved in the restructuring of curriculum towards more interdisciplinary forms. The work of educational sociologist Basil Bernstein, particularly his terms "classification" and "framing" and his model of the pedagogic device, is used to provide a theoretical frame for this case study. Comments from the course designers are used to show how the process of trying to derive generic competencies common to a range of humanities disciplines runs the risk of omitting the necessary disciplinary basis for the achievement of such competencies. Further, the challenges of drawing academic staff from many disciplines into consensus for the purposes of appropriate assessment practices are explored, and the evidence suggests that powerful structural factors exist which may frustrate the easy achievement of such consensus. In conclusion, it seems that the achievement of interdisciplinary or generic forms of curriculum may be more challenging at intellectual and social levels than policy-makers give credit for. 相似文献
11.
Vera Sheridan 《Higher Education》2011,62(2):129-140
This qualitative study examines the interplay between academic staff and international students with regard to developing
academic literacies at university. Higher education has traditionally responded to increasing student diversity with the expectation
that students will conform to institutional norms or habitus. In this context international students arrive with cultural
capital which may not fit such norms, and would benefit from developing their academic literacy, as indeed would home students
given an increasingly diverse student body in Irish higher education. Findings reveal a gap between academics expectations
and international students’ capabilities. Academic staff remained within the remit of the research in contrast to the 22 international
students who were interviewed. They did not separate the totality of their campus experience from academic literacy practices.
These ranged from uncertainty around writing in another language to a mismatch between diversity management in class and students’
own expectations. International students found difficulty to making friends on campus which could benefit their integration
into the academic literacy practices of their respective disciplines. Findings point towards a whole institution response
to student diversity which transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. 相似文献
12.
13.
Emphasis on improving higher level biology education continues. A new two-step approach to the experimental phases within
an outreach gene technology lab, derived from cognitive load theory, is presented. We compared our approach using a quasi-experimental
design with the conventional one-step mode. The difference consisted of additional focused discussions combined with students
writing down their ideas (step one) prior to starting any experimental procedure (step two). We monitored students’ activities
during the experimental phases by continuously videotaping 20 work groups within each approach (N = 131). Subsequent classification of students’ activities yielded 10 categories (with well-fitting intra- and inter-observer
scores with respect to reliability). Based on the students’ individual time budgets, we evaluated students’ roles during experimentation
from their prevalent activities (by independently using two cluster analysis methods). Independently of the approach, two
common clusters emerged, which we labeled as ‘all-rounders’ and as ‘passive students’, and two clusters specific to each approach:
‘observers’ as well as ‘high-experimenters’ were identified only within the one-step approach whereas under the two-step conditions
‘managers’ and ‘scribes’ were identified. Potential changes in group-leadership style during experimentation are discussed,
and conclusions for optimizing science teaching are drawn. 相似文献
14.
Lene Møller Madsen Carl Winsløw 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2009,7(4):741-763
We examine the relationship between research and teaching practices as they are enacted by university professors in a research-intensive
university. First we propose a theoretical model for the study of this relationship based on Chevallard’s anthropological
theory. This model is used to design and analyze an interview study with physical geographers and mathematicians at the University
of Copenhagen. We found significant differences in how the respondents from the two disciplines assessed the relationship
between research and teaching. Above all, while geography research practices are often and smoothly integrated into geography
teaching even at the undergraduate level, teaching in mathematics may at best be ‘similar’ to mathematical research practice,
at least at the undergraduate level. Finally, we discuss the educational implications of these findings. 相似文献
15.
16.
Elizabeth Warren 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,62(2):169-189
This paper examines the change in young children’s understanding of ‘equal’, ‘more’, ‘less’, and ‘between’, words commonly
used in equivalent and non-equivalent situations, over a 3-year period. Seventy-six children participated in the longitudinal
study. Each year they were asked to share their understanding of these four words. Past research has indicated that many children
have limited understanding of ‘equal’ as quantitative sameness. The results of this research suggested that many children
also have limited understanding of ‘more’ and ‘less’ and that these understandings did not significantly change over the 3-year
period. 相似文献
17.
Gabrielle Cliff Hodges Maria Nikolajeva Liz Taylor 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2010,41(3):189-206
The paper discusses the children’s novel Gaffer Samson’s Luck (1984), by Jill Paton Walsh, from three different perspectives; those of a cultural geographer, a literary scholar and an English
teacher. It is part of a larger research project on children’s perception of their place-related identities through reading
and writing. The novel is used as a case study to develop a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon theories of literature
and reading, and a conceptualisation of space in cultural geography. Employing ideas from different disciplines, the paper
offers an original interpretation of the text as well as innovative analytical tools for future research and for classroom
application. 相似文献
18.
19.
Ka Ho Mok 《Higher Education》2010,60(4):419-440
With strong intention to enhance the global competitiveness of their university systems, both the Singapore and Malaysia governments
have introduced reforms along the lines of ideas and practices embedded in neo-liberalism. In the last decade or so, we have
witnessed reforms being introduced to the higher education sectors in these Asian states, particularly when corporatization
and incorporation strategies are adopted to transform national/public universities. With particular reference to how academics
evaluate the impact of the reforms on their academic life, this article reports and analyses findings generated from campus
visits and field interviews conducted in Singapore and Malaysia from 2007 to 2009. Although the senior management of corporatized/incorporated
universities in these Asian states has been given more discretion to decide how to operate their universities, most of the
front line academics that we interviewed have not experienced major differences in university governance after the reforms
took place. Instead of feeling ‘emancipated’ and ‘empowered’, many academics feel more pressures and control from the university
administration and government ministries. Despite the fact that both the Singapore and Malaysia governments have tried to
embrace the ideas and practices of ‘neo-liberalism’ to transform university governance, academics still see the state’s reluctance
in withdrawing from steering/controlling higher education development. Such observations clearly reflect the ‘clash’ of two
major governance philosophies, namely, ‘state centralism’ and ‘neo-liberalism’. In short, this article critically examines
how far the proposed university governance reforms by adopting the corporatization/incorporation strategies have actually
transformed university management and academic life style in Singapore and Malaysia. 相似文献
20.
Molecular modeling has become a valuable and essential tool to medicinal chemists in the drug design process. Molecular modeling
describes the generation, manipulation or representation of three-dimensional structures of molecules and associated physico-chemical
properties. It involves a range of computerized techniques based on theoretical chemistry methods and experimental data to
predict molecular and biological properties. Depending on the context and the rigor, the subject is often referred to as ‘molecular
graphics’, ‘molecular visualizations’, ‘computational chemistry’, or ‘computational quantum chemistry’. The molecular modeling
techniques are derived from the concepts of molecular orbitals of Hückel, Mullikan and ‘classical mechanical programs’ of
Westheimer, Wiberg and Boyd. 相似文献