共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
When aerodynamic braking works, the braking wings can change the flow field around the train, which may impact on the comfort
and safety. Based on a sliding mesh, the pressure wave and flow field around high-speed trains with aerodynamic braking are
analyzed. By comparing three typical intersection situations, the pressure wave of a high-speed train during braking (with
or without aerodynamic braking) is studied. The analyses indicate that the pressure wave around the high-speed train body
will change while using the aerodynamic braking, causing several pressure pulses on the surface of crossing high-speed trains.
The distances between the pressure pulses are equal to the longitudinal distances of the brake wings, but the magnitudes of
the fluctuations are less than those induced by the head of crossing trains. During the crossing, a train without aerodynamic
braking will not impact the crossing train. 相似文献
2.
罗利锦 《天津成人高等学校联合学报》2014,(8):21-24
通过对CRH高速动车组的设计特点、运用方式与运行环境的分析,阐明了高速动车组列车途中运行亟待解决的关键问题;通过对高速动车组制动系统、牵引制动特性与CTCS系统的针对性研究,制定了“定方案、抓环节、细掌握”高速动车组列车操纵的应对策略,形成了定地点、定速度、定制动方式的高速动车组列车进站前制动调速的操作模式。 相似文献
3.
With the development of high-speed railways in China, more than 2000 high-speed trains will be put into use. Safety and efficiency
of railway transportation is increasingly important. We have designed a high availability quadruple vital computer (HAQVC)
system based on the analysis of the architecture of the traditional double 2-out-of-2 system and 2-out-of-3 system. The HAQVC
system is a system with high availability and safety, with prominent characteristics such as fire-new internal architecture,
high efficiency, reliable data interaction mechanism, and operation state change mechanism. The hardware of the vital CPU
is based on ARM7 with the real-time embedded safe operation system (ES-OS). The Markov modeling method is designed to evaluate
the reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety (RAMS) of the system. In this paper, we demonstrate that the HAQVC
system is more reliable than the all voting triple modular redundancy (AVTMR) system and double 2-out-of-2 system. Thus, the
design can be used for a specific application system, such as an airplane or high-speed railway system. 相似文献
4.
With the continuous improvement of the train speed, the dynamic environment of trains turns out to be aerodynamic domination. Solving the aerodynamic problems has become one of the key factors of the high-speed train head design. Given that the aerodynamic drag is a significant factor that restrains train speed and energy conservation, reducing the aerodynamic drag is thus an important consideration of the high-speed train head design. However, the reduction of the aerodynamic drag may increase other aerodynamic forces （moments）, possibly deteriorating the operational safety of the train. The multi-objective optimization design method of the high-speed train head was proposed in this paper, and the aerodynamic drag and load reduction factor were set to be optimization objectives. The automatic multi-objective optimization design of the high-speed train head can be achieved by integrating a series of procedures into the multi-objective optimization algorithm, such as the establishment of 3D parametric model, the aerodynamic mesh generation, the calculation of the flow field around the train, and the vehicle system dynamics. The correlation between the optimization objectives and optimization variables was analyzed to obtain the most important optimization variables, and a further analysis of the nonlinear relationship between the key optimization variables and the optimization objec- tives was obtained. After optimization, the aerodynamic drag of optimized train was reduced by up to 4.15%, and the load re- duction factor was reduced by up to 1.72%. 相似文献
5.
卢转华 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2011,(4):28-29
新一轮基础教育课程改革将培养学生的信息素养作为重要目标之一。信息素养的培养不是一朝一夕的事情,在国内信息技术教育作为基础教育必修课的时期,可以双管齐下：一是在信息技术课堂上培养学生信息素养;二是在综合实践活动和其他课程中渗透信息技术。 相似文献
6.
A high-speed train-track coupling dynamic model is used to investigate the dynamic behavior of a high-speed train operating on a curved track with failed fasteners. The model considers a high-speed train consisting of eight vehicles coupled with a ballasted track. The vehicle is modeled as a multi-body system, and the rail is modeled with a Timoshenko beam resting on the discrete sleepers. The vehicle model considers the effect of the end connections of the neighboring vehicles on the dynamic behavior. The track model takes into account the lateral, vertical, and torsional deformations of the rails and the effect of the discrete sleeper support on the coupling dynamics of the vehicles and the track. The sleepers are assumed to move backward at a constant speed to simulate the vehicle running along the track at the same speed. The train model couples with the track model by using a Hertzian contact model for the wheel/rail normal force calculation, and the nonlinear creep theory by Shen et al. (1984) is used for wheel/rail tangent force calculation. In the analysis, a curved track of 7000-m radius with failed fasteners is selected, and the effects of train operational speed and the number of failed fasteners on the dynamic behaviors of the train and the track are investigated in detail. Furthermore, the wheel/rail forces and derailment coefficient and the wheelset loading reduction are analyzed when the high-speed train passes over the curved track with the different number of continuously failed fasteners at different operational speeds. Through the detailed numerical analysis, it is found that the high-speed train can operate normally on the curved track of 7000-m radius at the speeds of 200 km/h to 350 km/h. 相似文献
7.
With the development of high-speed train, it is considerably concerned about the aerodynamic characteristics and operation
safety issues of the high-speed train under extreme weather conditions. The aerodynamic performance of a high-speed train
under heavy rain and strong crosswind conditions are modeled using the Eulerian two-phase model in this paper. The impact
of heavy rainfall on train aerodynamics is investigated, coupling heavy rain and a strong crosswind. Results show that the
lift force, side force, and rolling moment of the train increase significantly with wind speed up to 40 m/s under a rainfall
rate of 60 mm/h. when considering the rain and wind conditions. The increases of the lift force, side force, and rolling moment
may deteriorate the train operating safety and cause the train to overturn. A quasi-static stability analysis based on the
moment balance is used to determine the limit safety speed of a train under different rain and wind levels. The results can
provide a frame of reference for the train safe operation under strong rain and crosswind conditions. 相似文献
8.
Jie Zhang Xin-biao Xiao Xiao-zhen Sheng Rong Fu Dan Yao Xue-song Jin 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(8):617-630
This paper presents an investigation into the characteristics of interior noise of a Chinese high-speed train under several typical conditions. Interior noises within Vehicle TC01, which can be used as a head car or an end car, and Vehicle TP03, the third car counting from TC01, are measured for the train running at speeds from 260 km/h to 385 km/h, along two types of track including a slab track and a ballast track and either on the ground surface or in a tunnel. Data analyses are performed for sound pressure overall levels, frequency, area contributions, and possible generation mechanisms, showing how they are affected by train speed, running direction, track type, and tunnel. The results show that, whether TC01 is used as head car or end car, the interior noise characteristics in the VIP cabin are mostly related to aerodynamic noise. Differences in interior noise between tracks become smaller as the train speed increases. The effect of a tunnel on the interior noise is more important for the middle coach than that for the head coach. This study can provide a basis for noise control of high-speed trains. 相似文献
9.
不同速度高速列车车外噪声的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Bin HE Xin-biao XIAO Qiang ZHOU Zhi-hui LI Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1019-1033
研究目的：基于声源识别,得出车外噪声分布特性及场点主要噪声源。创新要点：1．研究高速列车噪声源强特性及频谱特性;2．揭示不同速度下不同声源频谱变化规律;3．分析车外声场场点噪声变化规律及主要声源。研究方法：1．利用车外声源识别系统（图2）分析高速列车声源分布规律及频谱特性;2．利用声源的垂向（图10）分布研究不同声源在各频率下垂向分布规律;3．利用场点声源与速度的拟合关系（图16）研究场点主要噪声源。重要结论：1．高速列车车外噪声源主要分布在轮轨区域、受电弓和车间连接区域;2．轮轨区域噪声包括滚动噪声和气动噪声,在各频率均为最显著声源;3．在整个列车高度,轮轨滚动噪声对总噪声贡献率大于气动噪声;4．车外场点噪声主要频率为630-2500Hz,主要来自轮轨滚动噪声。 相似文献
10.
针对研华PCI-1713高速数据采集卡进行单端数据实时采集时信号波动问题,在易控(INSPECT)通用组态软件中使用C#高级程序设计语言进行信号数据处理,剔除信号数据中的噪点,将信号数据波动抑制在可接受的范围内,使信号数据具有更高的可信度。严格控制信号数据波动,为监控系统或自动控制系统提供更加真实可靠的传感器数据。 相似文献
11.
为了解决有线水环境监测系统布线难、成本高、监测范围受限等问题,文章设计了一种基于CC2530的无线传感器网络系统对水环境进行实时监测.该系统以Zigbee CC2530芯片和CDMA模块为核心,利用分布在监测水域的各传感器节点采集数据,数据经zigbee无线网络传至中心节点,再通过CDMA模块传给远程数据管理中心,中心管理人员可利用监控平台方便观察水质状况,及时采取应对措施.通过在汉江流域湖北襄阳市一桥至二桥段布置50个传感器节点和10个中心节点对其水质进行监测,监测结果表明该系统能够实现水环境多种参数的实时采集和可靠传输,通过监控中心可以方便地对各个参数进行实时监控. 相似文献
12.
Yuan-feng DUAN Ru ZHANG Yang ZHAO Siu-wing OR Ke-qing FAN Zhi-feng TANG 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2011,12(12):895-901
Steel structures are widely used in railway infrastructures. Their stress state is the most important determinant of the safety
of these structures. The elasto-magnetic (EM) sensor is the most promising for stress monitoring of in-service steel structures.
Nevertheless, the necessity of magnetic excitation to saturation due to the use of a secondary coil for signal detection,
keeps from its engineering application. In this paper, a smart elasto-magneto-electric (EME) sensor using magneto-electric
(ME) sensing units to take the place of the secondary coil has been exploited for the first time. The ME sensing unit is made
of ME laminated composites, which has an ultrahigh ME voltage coefficient and can measure the magnetic induction simply and
precisely. Theoretical analysis and characterization experiments firstly conducted on the ME laminated composites showed that
the ME sensing units can be applied in the EM sensor for improved performance in stress monitoring. A tension test of a steel
bar was carried out to characterize our smart EME sensor and the results showed high accuracy and sensitivity. The present
smart EME sensor is a promising tool for stress monitoring of steel structures in railway and other civil infrastructures. 相似文献
13.
A 2.5D finite element approach for predicting ground vibrations generated by vertical track irregularities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dynamic responses of track structure and wave propagation in nearby ground vibration become significant when train operates
on high speeds. A train-track-ground dynamic interaction analysis model based on the 2.5D finite element method is developed
for the prediction of ground vibrations due to vertical track irregularities. The one-quarter car model is used to represent
the train as lumped masses connected by springs. The embankment and the underlying ground are modeled by the 2.5D finite element
approach to improve the computation efficiency. The Fourier transform is applied in the direction of train’s movement to express
the wave motion with a wave-number. The one-quarter car model is coupled into the global stiffness matrix describing the track-ground
dynamic system with the displacement compatibility condition at the wheel-rail interface, including the irregularities on
the track surface. Dynamic responses of the track and ground due to train’s moving loads are obtained in the wave-number domain
by solving the governing equation, using a conventional finite element procedure. The amplitude and wavelength are identified
as two major parameters describing track irregularities. The irregularity amplitude has a direct impact on the vertical response
for low-speed trains, both for short wavelength and long wavelength irregularities. Track irregularity with shorter wavelength
can generate stronger track vibration both for low-speed and high-speed cases. For low-speed case, vibrations induced by track
irregularities dominate far field responses. For high-speed case, the wavelength of track irregularities has very little effect
on ground vibration at distances far from track center, and train’s wheel axle weights becomes dominant. 相似文献
14.
The seasonal-frozen layer may have an influence on embankment motion from train-induced vibrations. Based on the field monitoring in a seasonally-frozen region of northeastern China, the effects of the frozen layer on the embankment responses to train-induced vibration were investigated in winter and summer via acceleration time histories and acceleration frequency spectrums. The results show that： （1） Compared to unfrozen soil conditions, the amplitudes of longitudinal and vertical vibrations at the points near the rail were increased, different influences of freight versus high-speed trains are the most evident. （2） With greater distance from the rail, the dominant frequency ranges of embankment with both frozen and unfrozen layers narrowed and shifted to low frequency bands. （3） The predominant frequency of embankment vibration with frozen soil layers shifted to higher frequencies with the increased train speed, although there was little change with unfrozen condition. Layer condition （frozen versus unfrozen） and distance to rail both play important roles in investigating the embankment vibration characteristics and rail transit field monitoring to improve the criterion of the rail construction in seasonally-frozen regions. 相似文献
15.
赵小超 《湖南第一师范学报》2009,9(2):167-170
在大功率直流操作电源系统中,所用蓄电池数目极大,给蓄电池巡检带来一定困难。针对这一特点提出的基于MHR无线传感器网络的蓄电池巡检方案,具有与传统的蓄电池巡检系统不同的特点,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
16.
论述了通过一种新型磁阻式传感器测量汽车传动系齿轮装置润滑油中的磨损颗粒的含量的方法,以达到在线监测传动系齿轮装置磨损程度的目的。 相似文献
17.
梁宗保 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):80-83
1 Introduction 1 The safety and security of bridges have come to be a particular concern by engineers and managers in the recent decades. With the great development of traffic and transportation, a number of highway bridges are expected to be monitored automatically in a monitoring center far from the field. But it is difficult to accomplish the remote monitoring process by conventional methods, in which the state information of bridge have to be collected manually and the data processing done… 相似文献
18.
刘文广 《石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报》2013,12(2):1-7
中国铁路无砟轨道具有轨道稳定性好、平顺性好、刚度均匀性好、结构耐久性强、维修工作量显著减少、旅客列车的安全性和舒适性显著提高等优点。CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道板作为无砟轨道系统的重要组成部分,具有结构稳定,利于工厂化生产,利于提高施工效率等特点。主要阐述轨道板制作过程的质量控制,分别从原材料、钢筋制作安装、模具安装、混凝土作业、轨道板存放、轨道板打磨六个方面具体说明。同时对常见质量问题进行原因分析,提出预防及解决办法。通过有助于高速铁路建设各方工程管理技术人员对CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道板制作进行有效控制,确保高速铁路工程建设质量。 相似文献
19.
A conventional French railway track was instrumented with accelerometers and geophones at three depths: sleeper (surface), interlayer (ITL, z=?0.93 m), and transition layer (TL, z=?1.20 m). A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) was also used to monitor the displacement at the sleeper level. The recorded data allow the integration method (double for accelerometer and simple for geophone) for displacement determination to be assessed. Several questions need to be addressed prior to the selection of an adequate monitoring system: definition of signal filtering processes, influence on results of the different loading wavelengths, repeatability of measurements, train speed and axle load impact and their ranges of validity for each sensor. It was found that the main frequencies that caused more than 95% of the displacement of the monitored materials are in the low frequency range: <25 Hz for trains running up to 200 km/h. For an intercity train, the low frequencies are normally excited by long wavelengths, for instance, those corresponding to the 1/2 coach distance (λ=13.20 m), the bogies distance (λ=6.3 m), and the axle distance (λ=2.8 m). Comparison between the displacements deduced from the records of accelerometer and geophone and obtained from the records of LVDT shows quite consistent results; the mean displacement amplitudes obtained from accelerometers differ by only 20% from the LVDT records. The train speed does not have a strong effect on the obtained differences between sensors. The embedded sensors also gave consistent displacement results for each analysed depth. Moreover, the displacement amplitudes caused by different axle loads (locomotive or passenger coach) are distinguishable for all sensors at all depths. This validates the integration method used for the displacement determination. 相似文献
20.
Gong-quan Tao Xing Du He-ji Zhang Ze-feng Wen Xue-song Jin Da-bin Cui 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(8):603-616
In this paper, we present a comprehensive model for the prediction of the evolution of high-speed train wheel profiles due to wear. The model consists of four modules: a multi-body model implemented with the commercial multi-body software SIMPACK to evaluate the dynamic response of the vehicle and track; a local contact model based on Hertzian theory and a novel method, named FaStrip (Sichani et al., 2016), to calculate the normal and tangential forces, respectively; a wear model proposed by the University of Sheffield (known as the USFD wear function) to estimate the amount of material removed and its distribution along the wheel profile; and a smoothing and updating strategy. A simulation of the wheel wear of the high-speed train CRH3 in service on the Wuhan-Guangzhou railway line was performed. A virtual railway line based on the statistics of the line was used to represent the entire real track. The model was validated using the wheel wear data of the CRH3 operating on the Wuhan- Guangzhou line, monitored by the authors’ research group. The results of the predictions and measurements were in good agreement. 相似文献