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1.
A pool of 116 14-18-year-old secondary school pupils who had been given the computer-presented Cognitive Styles Analysis was used to provide two sub-samples to explore the relationship between style and motor skills and sports performance. The Motor Skills sub-sample of 69 (32 males and 37 females) did a battery of motor skills tests. A factor analysis suggested four skills factors - bodily movement, interactive skills, mechanical skills and aiming. All of these except the mechanical skills showed a significant relationship to style. The Sports Performance sub-sample of 99 (46 males and 53 females) were rated on a five-point scale by their teachers on performance in rugby, soccer and cricket for the boys, and hockey, netball and tennis for the girls. Here, there was a significant effect of style for tennis but not for the team games. The findings were discussed in terms of their practical implications. 相似文献
2.
吴昌权 《遵义师范学院学报》2007,9(5):88-90
采用文献资料法、数理统计法等方法,对第14、15届世锦赛上中国男篮所参加比赛的若干技术指标进行了横向和纵向的对比分析。结果表明:横向上,两届世锦赛上,中国队与对手在中投次数、抢断和失误方面存在显著性差异。纵向上,在助攻上存在显著性差异。其它方面无显著性差异。中国队的比赛效率下降,而进攻质量却有了提高。应加强中国队员身体和技术的高强度对抗训练;提高个人防守的攻击性、整体的协同性;注重外线队员的培养;提高攻守转换速度;加强欧美强队的交流,借鉴他们的先进经验办好国内的联赛,提高CBA联赛的对抗程度和比赛质量。 相似文献
3.
通过文献资料与录像分析等方法,对近3届世界杯足球赛参赛队海外球员选用与国家队构建情况进行分析研究.发现:选用的海外球员数量呈现逐届上升的趋势;选用的海外球员主要来自于欧洲顶级联赛俱乐部;海外球员成为国家队人员构成的主体;海外球员与国家队逐步实现了融合;高水平海外球员提升了国家队的整体实力;海外球员对国家队建设管理既有积极作用也带来负面影响. 相似文献
4.
Kristy L. Smith 《High Ability Studies》2013,24(2):171-184
The relative age effect (RAE) suggests that athletes may be provided with greater opportunities for success depending on the position of their birthdate in a sport’s selection year. While the effect has been well established in men’s sports, less is known about women’s sports. This study examined the RAE in developmental girls’ hockey in Ontario. Relative age, player position, age division, and level of play were provided by the Ontario Women’s Hockey Association for 36,555 registrants. Older players were over-represented, and younger players under-represented across all age divisions and levels of play. This suggests that the RAE is present in developmental girls’ hockey, the magnitude of which varies with level of play and player position. 相似文献
5.
Jacques H. A. van Rossum 《High Ability Studies》1996,7(1):15-23
Coaches of Dutch top level athletes (N = 115) ranked psychological characteristics relevant for athletic performance. Various sports were involved: judo, speed skating, swimming, table tennis, field hockey, golf, and track and field. While low inter rater agreement among coaches within a sport suggested that coaches do not rank the various psychological characteristics in an identical way, they appeared to agree on the importance of the following five psychological characteristics: self‐confidence, will to win, concentration, persistence, and competitiveness. The findings reported here were obtained from coaches. They appear to fit well with the empirical findings in the field of sport psychology, where successful and non‐successful athletes have been observed to differ significantly on several instruments measuring psychological characteristics, for example self‐confidence and competitiveness. 相似文献
6.
胡红 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2002,1(1):84-88
This study focuses on the evaluation of the differences of physical fitness among soccer players, handball players, and basketball players, and the investigation of the physical fitness structures of those players. The participants consisted of 160 elite players selected from university teams. Fourteen tests related to health and motor fitness were conducted. The results were subjected to a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test the mean vector differences among the three groups of different sport. Nine out of the fourteen tests were of significantly discriminating results regarding to different group, which include side step, abdominal strength, shuttle running, 100m running, pull-up, 1,500m running, trunk flexion, grip strength and broad jump, as determined by a stepwise regression approach. MANOVA showed that there was a significant difference (p< 0.001) of the mean vectors of the 9 tests among the three events. Discriminant function analysis showed that three discriminant functions were s 相似文献
7.
采用综述法,根据心理素质和心理训练的特点,针对高校大学生业余排球运动员心理素质快速发展但不完善、排球比赛经验缺乏和具有极强可塑性的个性心理特征,论证了对高校大学生业余排球运动员进行心理训练能提高对技战术的理解和提高对心理状态的调控能力,对更好的完成训练和比赛任务,培养良好的意志品质和完善的人格具有重要的意义,并针对高校大学生业余排球运动员的特点提出建议,为高校业余排球运动队制定心理训练计划提供参考。 相似文献
8.
Two studies are reported in which coaches of Dutch top level athletes ranked 10 general factors recognized as predictors of athletic performance. In the first study, the coaching staff of the national teams in judo, speed skating, swimming, and table tennis were involved (n=50), and in the second coaches in field hockey, golf, and track and field (n=65); in track and field, two types of athlete were assessed: the “explosive” and the “endurance” types. Agreement among coaches within a sport appears to vary from rather high to quite low, indicating that they do not always rank the various factors in an identical way. In spite of these imperfect interjudge reliabilities, most of the groups of coaches made very similar group rankings, in which three factors were generally considered to be of primary importance: physical fitness, mental fitness and natural endowment These findings are discussed in the context of the emphasis which is often given to the effects of the immediate environment in the development of talented individuals. 相似文献
9.
Undergraduate university students (n = 132) completed a questionnaire containing measures of psychological variables, verbal ability, an evaluation of their course of study, and demographic characteristics. We also had access to their academic results. We examined the relationships among these variables, especially the psychological variables, and compared them with those posited by recent theoretical work that makes connections among motivation, self‐regulation, and self‐efficacy. We then looked at which variables predicted academic achievement. The sample contained two sub‐samples: mature‐age students who had entered university via an enabling program; and younger students who entered university on the basis of high school results. With universities under severe financial pressure, university‐run enabling programs must demonstrate their effectiveness in terms of students’ successful progress in undergraduate degrees if they are to continue. We compared these two groups of students on the measures noted above. 相似文献
10.
We examined the variables contributing to statistical anxiety, statistical resourcefulness and grades in an intermediate statistics course. Questionnaires assessing the aforementioned variables, as well as general resourcefulness, statistical self‐efficacy and attitudes, and grade goals were completed by 168 students in September and in January. Our findings revealed that students possessing a larger repertoire of general resourcefulness skills and higher statistical self‐efficacy were more likely to rely on statistical self‐control strategies, and, as a result, attain higher grades. Students having higher statistical test anxiety were not only less generally and statistically resourceful, but they were also more likely to be aiming for lower grades and attributing past performance disappointments to lack of ability and task difficulty. 相似文献
11.
The Effect of Executive Function on Biological Reasoning in Young Children: An Individual Differences Study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There is substantial variance in the age at which children construct and deploy their first explicit theory of biology. This study tests the hypothesis that this variance is due, at least in part, to individual differences in their executive function (EF) abilities. A group of 79 boys and girls aged 5–7 years (with a mean age of 6½ years) were presented with two test batteries: (a) a biology battery that probed their understanding of life, death, and body functions and (b) an EF battery that tested working memory, inhibition, and set‐shifting skills. Individuals' EF scores significantly predict their biology scores, even after controlling for age and verbal IQ. 相似文献
12.
运用文献资料法、数理统计法、专家访谈法,对影响中国男篮后卫培养与提高的因素进行了研究分析.结果表明,影响中国男篮后卫培养与提高的因素有: 金牌战略因素;选材理念因素;篮球运动员的文化水平因素;国家男篮与国际高水平球队交流的因素.提出了相应措施: 继续完善CBA赛制,增加CCBA联赛;改善篮球选材的"唯高"理念;建立各级各类篮球学校或学院,提高运动员文化水平;"走出去,请进来",加强与国际高水平球队的比赛交流. 相似文献
13.
Hilde Hofslundsengen Jan-Eric Gustafsson Bente Eriksen Hagtvet 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2019,63(5):653-669
This study aimed to enhance our knowledge of the constituent variables affecting invented writing skills in 5-year-olds by investigating the concurrent relationships among home literacy, underlying language skills, and invented writing. The study comprised 111 Norwegian-speaking children (mean age: 5.7 years; 58 girls) and their parents. The children’s language skills were tested individually. The results showed that, on average, children achieved low scores on tests of word writing; however, the within-group variations in the children’s invented writing performances were large. The statistical modeling showed that parental education was significantly related to the home literacy environment, which was, in turn, directly related to both vocabulary and phonological awareness and indirectly related to invented writing skills. Implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
14.
Zane L. Berge 《科学教学研究杂志》1990,27(8):747-759
What are the effects of group size (individuals, pairs, and quads of students), gender, and ability grouping of 245 seventh- and eighth-grade students on achievement within an environment that uses microcomputers as tools in learning science process skills? A split-plot, multivariate factorial design was used to analyze the above factors and interactions among the factors. Analyses indicated that the only statistically significant result was a main effect on ability for the two response variables measured in the study. Major conclusions included: (1) teams of two and four members working together solved problems as effectively as individuals, (2) the lessons and procedures implemented in the manner described generated a gender-neutral achievement outcome in science, and (3) microcomputer, using a file-management program and structured activities, can be used as a tool to promote student learning of science process skills. 相似文献
15.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to test a model predicting the contribution of abuse-related characteristics and mediating variables such as coping and attributional style in the development of psychological sequelae in adults reporting a history of child sexual abuse (CSA). METHODOLOGY: Two hundred and eighty-five males and females from three settings (a nonpatient, psychiatric outpatient, and psychiatric inpatient) completed a battery of questionnaires that included a (1) Sexual History Questionnaire, (2) Ways of Coping Questionnaire, (3) Attributional Style Questionnaire, and (4) the SCL-90-R. RESULTS: Of the 285 participants, 33% reported unwanted or forced sexual contact before the age of 18 years. Participants who reported a history of CSA also reported higher levels of psychological distress when compared to those who did not report a history of abuse. In testing the model concerning the relationship between victim-offender characteristics, mediating variables and psychological distress in adulthood; two abuse-related characteristics (number of offenders and duration of abuse) were found to be directly associated with psychological distress in adulthood. Other abuse-related variables (i.e., relation with offender, force, resistance, age of onset, participation, and frequency of abuse) were found to be related to psychological distress in adulthood through the mediation of various coping strategies (i.e., Accepting Responsibility, Confrontive Coping) and attributions (i.e., internalization of the abuse). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study further our understanding regarding the relationship between abuse-related characteristics, mediating factors such as coping and attributional style and psychological distress in adults with a history of CSA. Future research should focus on the development of interventions that focus on variables amenable to psychotherapy to ameliorate the psychological sequelae of CSA. 相似文献
16.
Children with hyperlexia who learn to readspontaneously before the age of five are impaired inreading and listening comprehension but have wordrecognition skills well above their measured cognitiveand linguistic abilities. In a previous study, theauthor administered a battery of cognitive, academicachievement, and phonemic awareness tests to threechildren classified as hyperlexic. The findingsshowed that the levels of phonemic awareness of thesechildren were low and not commensurate with their wordreading skill. In the present study, the authorreevaluated the three children approximately 7–8 yearslater with the same battery of cognitive, academicachievement, and phonemic awareness tests as well asseveral additional measures of phonemic awareness. The results showed that all three childrens' levels ofphonemic awareness were still low and not commensuratewith their word reading skill. Other findings showedthat two of the children, both of whom had remained inspecial education classes since the previous study,continued to be voracious readers. The other child,who had always been in regular education classes, hadnot read very much for several years. Findings alsoshowed that the word recognition skills of two of thechildren, including the child who had always attendedregular education, had decreased by one to twostandard deviations. 相似文献
17.
J H Snow 《Journal of learning disabilities》1992,25(4):265-270
Mental flexibility (skill with shifting response set) and visual planning skills were examined with a group of 60 children and adolescents with learning disabilities. The sample consisted of 44 boys and 16 girls with an age range of 9 to 15. Scores from the Trail Making Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were cluster-analyzed and subgroups were formulated. The results of the cluster analysis indicated a two-group solution to be most appropriate. One subtype was clearly dysfunctional on the classifying variables, while the other subgroup approached average levels. The two subtypes were compared on measures of intellectual functions, academic skills, auditory memory, visual memory, visual-motor integration, motor speed, and tactile integration. Significance was found on several different tests. The results are discussed in terms of potential cortical dysfunction evidenced by the subgroups. 相似文献
18.
《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2013,18(2):157-166
AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the York Assessment of Reading for Comprehension (YARC) with the Neale Analysis of Reading Ability (NARA) and other measures of reading and related skills with a sample of older low-progress readers and to provide additional information regarding the validity of the YARC in Australia. The data from an opportunity sample of 78 older low-progress readers from two literacy tutorial centres, assessed on a battery of tests of reading and related skills, prior to intervention, were analysed. Correlations of the YARC with other measures were generally high and the YARC also appeared to yield similar mean reading age estimates as the NARA and other measures. 相似文献
19.
篮球运动是一项体力与智力相结合的运动,在快速的攻防转换过程中考验的不仅仅是体能储配、动作技能以及技战术的运用,同时还有球员对赛场形势的观察、分析以及对比赛要有统一思想与行动,这样才能在关键时刻起到决定性的作用.本文通过对篮球意识的概念、规律、功能以及培养方法进行探讨与研究,旨在阐述篮球意识在篮球教学中的必要性,因此只有掌握了正确的篮球意识,才能更好地运用和掌握篮球的技战术,从而在赛场上争取主动、掌握战机. 相似文献
20.
Leena Holopainen Kristiina Lappalainen Niina Junttila Hannu Savolainen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(2):199-212
This study examines the relationship between social competence and psychological well-being of adolescents. The role of academic learning disabilities with social competence and psychological well-being was also studied. The sample (n?=?412; 207 girls and 205 boys), one complete age group (mean age 15.5 years), was followed from last year of comprehensive school to their first, second and third year of secondary education in a Finnish city. Psychological well-being is related to increased cooperation skills and decreased levels of impulsivity and disruptiveness. Furthermore, cooperation skills predict the third year psychological well-being, when the strong influence of psychological well-being in the first year was controlled for. Academic learning disabilities (reading and mathematical difficulties) were related neither with psychological well-being nor social competence. 相似文献