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1.
McGuire S Manke B Saudino KJ Reiss D Hetherington EM Plomin R 《Child development》1999,70(6):1283-1296
This investigation is the first longitudinal behavioral genetic study of self-concept during adolescence. It is a follow-up of a previous study examining genetic and environmental contributions to children's perceived self-competence and self-worth using a twin/sibling design. The study investigated adolescents' reports 3 years later and stability across two time points. Participants included 248 pairs of same-sex twins, full siblings, and stepsiblings between 10 and 18 years old. The results showed that six of the seven subscales were heritable at the second time point. None of the scales showed significant shared environmental effects. Longitudinal analyses revealed genetic contributions to stability for perceived scholastic competence, athletic competence, physical appearance, and general self-worth. Social competence, on the other hand, showed nonshared environmental mediation across time. These findings highlight the importance of genetically influenced characteristics and unique experiences as correlates of individual differences in self-concept during adolescence. 相似文献
2.
Perceived and actual academic competence in maltreated children 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Kinard EM 《Child abuse & neglect》2001,25(1):33-45
OBJECTIVE: The aims were twofold: 1) to determine whether maltreated and nonmaltreated children differed in the accuracy of their self-assessments of academic achievement; and 2) to determine whether discrepancies between perceived and actual academic competence were related to perceptions of social support from mothers, teachers, and peers. METHOD: A sample of 195 maltreated children known to a state protective service agency was compared to a control group of 179 nonmaltreated children. The groups were matched on child's gender, age, ethnicity, and birth order; socioeconomic ranking of neighborhood; and family structure. RESULTS: Although maltreated children had significantly lower achievement scores than did nonmal-treated children, the two groups did not differ on perceived academic competence. With regard to discrepancies between perceived and actual competence, maltreated children were more likely than nonmaltreated children to overestimate their level of competence, particularly for reading and arithmetic. Overall, children who reported low maternal support were more likely to overestimate reading competence than were those who reported average or high maternal support. When maltreatment status was considered, maltreated children with low support seemed likely to overestimate abilities, whereas nonmaltreated children with low support seemed likely to underestimate competence. CONCLUSIONS: Maltreated children may overestimate their academic abilities in order to compensate for self-perceptions of low self-worth. Efforts to improve academic performance in maltreated children should focus not only on increasing academic skills but also on enhancing self-esteem. 相似文献
3.
篮球规则是篮球运动的竞赛法则、技术标准和行为规范,是篮球竞赛唯一的理论依据。篮球规则与篮球比赛同时产生,并相互作用和相互促进。篮球规则经过不断的修改和完善,对篮球运动产生了巨大的影响,推动着篮球运动向前发展。 相似文献
4.
Although peer-rejected children appear to be at risk for later difficulties, the contribution of preadolescent friendship to adaptive adjustment lacks an empirical foundation. In this 12 year follow-up investigation, 30 young adults who had a stable, reciprocal best friend in fifth grade and 30 who had been chumless completed measures of adjustment in multiple domains. Friendship and peer rejection were found to have unique implications for adaptive development. Lower levels of preadolescent peer rejection uniquely predicted overall life status adjustment, whereas friended preadolescents had higher levels of general self-worth in adulthood even after controlling for perceived competence in preadolescence. In contrast, peer rejection and the absence of friendship were both associated with psychopathological symptoms in adulthood, although neither was uniquely predictive of symptomatology. 相似文献
5.
浅谈篮球运动的比赛节奏 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
刘六五 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2003,5(1):87-88
篮球运动的比赛节奏是一种包含强弱快慢、急缓、长短的有规律的运动现象,是一场篮球比赛的灵魂,直接影响赛场上战局的变化和发展。 相似文献
6.
A conceptual model was tested in which the effects of mentoring relationships on adolescents' academic outcomes were hypothesized to be mediated partially through improvements in parental relationships. The parameters of the model were compared with those of an alternative, in which improved parental relationships were treated as an outcome variable rather than a mediator. The study included 959 young adolescents (M age = 12.25 years), all of whom applied to Big Brothers Big Sisters programs. The adolescents were randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group and administered questions at baseline and 18 months later. The hypothesized model provided a significantly better explanation of the data than the alternative. In addition to improvements in parental relationships, mentoring led to reductions in unexcused absences and improvements in perceived scholastic competence. Direct effects of mentoring on global self-worth, school value, and grades were not detected but were instead mediated through improved parental relationships and scholastic competence. Implications of the findings for theory and research are discussed. 相似文献
7.
李日成 《湖南城市学院学报》2002,19(3):73-76
回顾第 2 7届奥运会我国男篮的比赛情况 ,对照美国“梦之四队”的出色表演及NBA赛场火爆场面 ,分析了国际篮球竞技发展的变化特点 ,针对我国男篮的现状 ,就指导思想 ,教练员水平、技、战术攻防观念等问题引发的思考 ,提出了一些有益的看法和建议 ,旨在引以为鉴 ,取人之长为目的 .缩小CBA与NBA之间差距 ,加速我国篮球运动发展的进程 相似文献
8.
J.H.A. van Rossum A. Vermeer 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1990,37(1):71-81
IN THIS STUDY the relationship between perceived competence and performance was addressed, notably with respect to motor behaviour. In addition to Harter's (1985) perceived competence questionnaire, a motor skills test was administered to a group of 128 4th grade children of regular elementary schools. From this sample two samples were chosen. One group (N= 40) was involved in motoric remedial teaching classes, a group of classmates (N =38) was selected as a matched comparison group from the remainder of the sample. Both groups were compared on each of the measuring instruments. The motoric remedial teaching group scored significantly lower than the group of classmates on perceived athletic competence and on motor skills performance. Further, a significant difference was observed between both groups on the correlation coefficient between perceived athletic competence and motor skills performance. The results provide information which externally validates the notion of perceived competence; they also underline the relevance of the concept of perceived athletic competence in the field of motoric remedial teaching. 相似文献
9.
陈上越 《宁德师专学报(自然科学版)》2000,(3)
随着篮球运动的不断发展 ,篮球比赛争夺也越来越激烈 ,而激烈的争夺焦点就是投篮得分 .如何才能正确掌握投篮技术动作 ,这是关键所在 .就跳起单手肩上投篮的技术进行了分析 ,提出教学方法 ,并指出易犯错误动作的纠正方法 相似文献
10.
运用自我知觉理论检验学生协作学习组大学英语阅读绩效自我知觉力的效用.选取96名大学生作为被试,分成22个组.多元回归分析显示:协作学习组阅读绩效与6个变量模式--感知的创造力、阅读能力、自我价值水平、学业能力、幽默感和社会可接受力存在关联性.结果表明,协作学习组的大学英语阅读绩效自我知觉力的变化程度达到74.6% ,调整后的测定系数R2 = 68.3% ,这种变化显示出极大的效用度.因此,自我知觉力对学生协作学习组的成绩显现出极强的预测值. 相似文献
11.
School Belonging,Ethnic Identity,and Psychological Adjustment Among Ethnic Minority College Students
This study considers how the psychological adjustment of ethnic minority college students may be linked to a sense of school belonging and ethnic identity, two constructs related to individuals feeling like they belong to a larger group. Using self-reports from 311 undergraduates from ethnic minority backgrounds, school belonging was found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms, and positively associated with perceived self-worth, scholastic competence, and social acceptance, while ethnic identity was only found to be positively associated with self-worth. Furthermore, the interaction between ethnic identity and school belonging was significantly associated with self-worth, suggesting that in the absence of a sense of belonging at school, stronger ethnic identity was linked to higher self-worth. College students reported the lowest levels of self-worth when they were neither connected to their college nor connected to their ethnic group. 相似文献
12.
篮球运动作为非隅网的同场对抗的集体项目，提高学生在对抗中施展技、战术能力，是我们教学的最终目的．采用实验对比方法，对“4人制”篮球比赛在普通高校中的推广进行论证．结果显示，学生通过参加“4人制”篮球比赛，培养了学习的兴趣和自信心，“4人制”篮球比赛易于组织与开展，运动强度适中，更优于“3人制”与“5人制”比赛，更适合作为篮球专项课中的教学手段之一． 相似文献
13.
Early adolescents' self-esteem and perceived competence in the cognitive, social, and physical domains were examined across the transition from elementary school to junior high school. Self-esteem and perceived social and physical competence were either stable or increased for most children. Cognitive competence was unchanged. It was concluded that, in general, early adolescents' perceptions of self-esteem and competence are not adversely affected by the transition. 相似文献
14.
篮球组合技术和特长技术是篮球运动中的重要技术。二者都是在篮球基本技术的基础上升华和发展而来的篮球技术更高表现形态,既相互联系又有所区别。发展篮球运动员的篮球组合技术和特长技术,可从加强篮球基本技术训练、针对性专门训练、整体打球意识和抗干扰能力的培养和训练和加强实战练习等方面着手进行。* 相似文献
15.
Shirley McGuire Jenae M. Neiderhiser David Reiss E. Mavis Hetherington Robert Plomin 《Child development》1994,65(3):785-799
Although it is generally assumed that the origins of adolescents' perceptions of self-competence lie in shared family environmental influences, the contributions of nonshared environmental or genetic influences have not been explored. We investigated sibling resemblance for perceived competence and self-worth in 720 adolescent pairs aged 10 to 18 years, using a twin, full sibling, and step-sibling design. Our goals were to assess the magnitude of shared and nonshared environmental influences and to disentangle resemblance due to shared genetic heritage from that due to shared environmental experiences. Shared environment was not significant for any of the scales. 4 of the subscales showed significant genetic influence: scholastic, social, physical, and athletic competence. We also explored possible sources of genetic influences on perceived competence. Bivariate models revealed common genetic variance between scholastic competence and vocabulary and social competence and sociability. These measures, however, did not account for all of the genetic variance in perceived social and scholastic competence. 相似文献
16.
沈阳市普通社区篮球运动开展状况研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用问卷调查法、观察法、数理统计法对沈阳市普通社区篮球运动开展的现状进行研究。研究表明,沈阳市社区基本没有篮球运动组织,运动人群主要为青年男性,居民参与篮球运动的意识相对淡薄,技术动作不够规范．社区内篮球场地设施也不健全。提出了发展社区篮球运动中年人口,提高居民参加篮球运动的意识．改善社区篮球场地设施,加大体育社会指导员的指导力度等发展社区篮球运动的具体建议。 相似文献
17.
Pupils’ self-perceptions: the role of teachers’ judgment controlling for big-fish-little-pond effect
This article aims to study the relationship between teachers’ judgment and pupils’ self-perceptions controlling for the big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE). Three studies were conducted among third-grade pupils. Study 1 (n?=?585) focused on pupils’ perceptions of their scholastic competence. Teachers’ judgment and BFLPE were found to have an independent relation with pupils’ self-perceived scholastic competence. Study 2 (n?=?660) replicated the same results of study 1. Study 3 (n?=?683) extended the analysis to other domains of self-perception identified by Harter (Child development, 53, 87–97, 1982). The results showed that the relation with the BFLPE was significant only for pupils’ self-perceived scholastic competence. They also showed that the teachers’ judgment was related to two other domains of self-perception (behavioral conduct and peer acceptance) but was not directly related to pupils’ global self-worth. 相似文献
18.
This study’s aim is the creation of a web-based multimedia course for Physical Education (PE) students’ familiarization with the teaching of basketball, and the evaluation of its use as a complementary tool to conventional instruction, in terms of learning effectiveness and student acceptance. The course includes multimedia learning material as well as interactive learning activities and quizzes on the cognitive components of basic basketball skills and on other basketball-related topics (history of the sport, referee’s signals, training aids, basketball court). The study involved 88 undergraduate students during one semester. They were randomly assigned to two groups: a group that used the web-based multimedia course and also attended a conventional face-to-face course on the teaching of basketball (N?=?45), and another group that only attended the conventional face-to-face course (N?=?43). A pretest/posttest research design was followed. For both groups basketball knowledge was measured at the beginning and at the end of the semester through written questionnaires. The responses of the students of the first group towards the web-based course were also assessed, at the end of the semester, through a written feedback questionnaire. Within both groups, significant increases in students’ basketball knowledge were found. However, the web-based multimedia course in combination with conventional face-to-face instruction was significantly more effective than conventional face-to-face instruction alone in increasing students’ cognitive learning regarding the sport of basketball, at the same time being well-accepted by the students. These findings support the effectiveness of blended learning for PE at higher education level as well as the acceptance of this mode of learning by PE students. 相似文献
19.
现代篮球的发展趋势是“快、高、准、变”，也就是速度、高度、力量、技术和战术的有机结合，随着竞技水平越高，比赛越紧张激烈，要求队员在比赛中的战术要千变万化，通过观摩和献综述阐明了夹击防守战术在现代篮球运动中的重要性，对夹击防守战术的意识、特点、阵型、时机与区域，以及训练方法等进行研究探讨。 相似文献
20.
徐华 《安阳师范学院学报》2012,(2):97-100
当代篮球运动水平已经发展到一个全新的阶段,在这项集体运动中比赛双方需要在激烈的对抗中取得胜利,因而比赛速度,攻守转换越来越快,高空与地面的争夺也变得愈加凶猛激烈。随着篮球运动水平的不断提高,对于一个篮球运动员来讲,不仅是体能和技能的比拼,更重要的是智力的对抗,而篮球意识则是智力的最好体现,个人技术的发挥、集体战术的配合都离不开篮球意识的作用。因此如何在训练中培养和提高学生的篮球意识,研究普通高校篮球运动员篮球意识,对于教学以及训练都有一定现实意义。 相似文献