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1.
目的：研究微毛诃子树皮醇提取液对小鼠的半数致死量（LD50）以及在体肠肌的影响,并且观察其对豚鼠离体肠肌的影响。方法：按Bliss法设计实验,对小鼠灌胃给药,观察5 d内小鼠的毒性反应和死亡情况,以小鼠急性死亡率为指标,测定微毛诃子提取液对小鼠的LD50;采用炭末推进实验观察药物对在体肠肌的影响;以豚鼠离体肠肌收缩幅度、张力为指标,采用离体标本运动实验法观察微毛诃子树皮醇提液对豚鼠离体肠肌的影响及其作用机制。结果：微毛诃子树皮提取液小鼠灌胃给药的LD50为5.69 g/kg,LD50的95%的可信限为4.60~7.05 g/kg;微毛诃子树皮的醇提液对小鼠在体肠肌和豚鼠离体肠肌都具有明显的舒张作用,且组胺对微毛诃子树皮的醇提液的抑制作用具有拮抗作用。结论：微毛诃子树皮的醇提取液具有一定的毒性,同时微毛诃子树皮醇提液能在一定程度上抑制肠肌的收缩,且作用机制可能与阻断组织胺受体有关。 相似文献
2.
黄国文 《湖南科技学院学报》2012,(12):44-46
"叶绿体的分离和荧光观察"实验是为生物学相关专业学生开设的一个综合性实验。本文根据教学实际情况,针对用差速离心法制备离体叶绿体及其荧光观察这一步骤存在的问题进行了研究,建立了用质壁分离法制备离体叶绿体来观察叶绿体荧光的新方法,在学生分组实验教学中运用这一方法取得了较好的实验结果。 相似文献
3.
目的：研究微毛诃子树皮醇提物和水提物对大鼠离体子宫平滑肌活动的影响。方法：观察微毛诃子树皮醇提液和水提液对大鼠离体子宫平滑肌自发性收缩活动和催产素或组胺作用后子宫的影响。结果：微毛诃子树皮醇提液和水提液均可使大鼠自发及催产素作用后子宫平滑肌收缩频率减慢,张力减小,活动力下降;水提液还显著减弱子宫收缩幅度并使组胺作用后的子宫平滑肌张力增大,收缩频率加快,收缩幅度升高,活动力增强。结论：微毛诃子树皮的醇提物和水提物均能抑制大鼠子宫的自发性以及催产素作用后的子宫的收缩活动,其水提液可以拮抗组胺对大鼠子宫收缩活动的抑制作用。 相似文献
4.
目的:探讨肝纤维化患者内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)含量与肝脏血流动力学改变的关系。方法:运用彩色多普勒超声对60例经临床、实验室、病理组织学检查确诊为肝纤维化患者进行检查,测量肝脏血流动力学指标,同时检测ET-1和NO浓度,分析血管活性物质与肝脏血流动力学指标变化间的关系。结果:肝纤维化初期门静脉、脾静脉及肠系膜上静脉内径、血流速度、血流量与对照组无显著差异,但在S3、S4期门静脉、脾静脉及肠系膜上静脉内径增宽,血流速度下降,血流量增加,尤其以脾静脉血流量增加显著,与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01);血清NO、ET-1的含量均高于正常对照组(P<0.05),且以ET-1/NO比值增加更为明显。结论:彩色多普勒超声可无创检测肝脏血流动力学变化,血清NO、ET-1含量与肝纤维化的程度有良好的相关性,对肝纤维化的诊断及疗效观察有一定临床应用价值。 相似文献
5.
海枫藤花粉块壁剥离与花粉形态探究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同方法对海枫藤花粉块的分离效果．在20％KOH溶液10min处理后解剖的分离效果令人满意，海枫藤花粉粒多为不规则形状． 相似文献
6.
目的评价学生对于＂离体牙开髓术＂这一次实验课的学习效果。方法组织本校07级口腔治疗（2）班学生对各类离体牙开髓进行讨论,并完成实验报告一份。结果学生很容易掌握各种牙齿的开髓方法和根管的探查要点,并在此基础上分析恒牙根管的解剖特点,教学轻松愉快。 相似文献
7.
关于讲授“血吸虫”内容的必要性和可行性,笔者已撰文陈述（见《生物学教学》1994年12期）。在具体教学实施中,笔者认为应把握好以下几方面。一、形态结构血吸虫有三种,在我国流行的是日本血吸虫。教材中有插图,可结合插图告诉学生：（1）成虫雌雄异体,常互相合抱。（2）雄虫短粗,乳白色,有抱雌沟,雌虫较雄虫细长,暗黑色。二、生活史血吸虫成虫寄生于人体或哺乳动物（如耕牛）体内（门静脉及肠系膜静脉内）。在人体内产卵后,有些虫卵经过一定途径落入肠腔,随粪便排出人体外。虫卵与水接触后,即从卵内孵化出毛拗,毛拗的抵抗力较… 相似文献
8.
以泉州湾洛阳江红树林的毛颚小卷蛾为研究对象,探讨了不同生长期的桐花树毛颚小卷蛾抗氧化酶SOD和CAT活性的变化情况．结果显示：桐花树毛颚小卷蛾在幼虫期、蛹期、成虫期三个不同生长时期CAT含量间的差异达到极显著水平;总一SOD和CuZn-SOD在幼虫期和蛹期这两个生长期与成虫期之间存在极显著差异．桐花树毛颚小卷蛾CuZn—SOD占总-SOD比例较高,Mn-SOD所占比例较低．桐花树毛颚小卷蛾总-SOD、Cu,Zn—SOD和CAT活性随着幼虫期、蛹期、成虫期的生命发展过程而逐渐增强,但Mn-SOD活性表现出相反的发展趋势,在成虫期最低．综合地看,在幼虫期喷洒生物农药,可能达到最佳防治效果． 相似文献
9.
赵文 《楚雄师范学院学报》2011,26(8):51-55
弗雷泽《金枝》中铺陈了灵魂出身观念在世界各地巫术社会中的种种迹象,而这一观念又实为巫术实践操作之一理论基础:灵魂离体,必要有所安顿处,或要招之回身,否则视为不祥。然而,西南民族的人类学资料表明,灵魂离体时会因内部性质的不同而产生分离。笔者运用彝族文献、民俗资料中记载的灵魂离体分离,与先秦文献中的魂和魄分离进行比较,详细诠释灵魂离体的情形,并重新审视先秦社会中,对鬼神概念及祖先祭祀的理解。 相似文献
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Dr. Isaac B. Berkson 《Journal of Jewish Education》2013,79(1):24-33
Almost no literature in the academic field of Jewish education exists that studies congregational rabbis as teachers of adults. This article seeks to contribute to filling the gap in the extant literature base. Using portraiture, the study describes and analyzes the aims of rabbinic teaching of adults in a synagogue setting. The findings suggest that regularly facilitating learners' intellectual and religious development, democratically guiding their communities' evolution through an emphasis on learning, and collaboratively joining their congregants in shaping the construction of personal and communal Jewish narratives are central aims of congregational rabbinic teaching of adults. 相似文献
12.
石玉才 《新疆职业大学学报》1994,(2)
本文根据成人高校自身的实际特点,从管理科学的角度出发,比较系统地研究和探讨了成人高校学生管理的方式,既有问题的解剖,又有方法的建立,对市经济条件下成人高校的学生管理工作进一步科学化有重要的理论价值。 相似文献
13.
本研究探讨了成年男性和女性在情绪表达性（乐于表达情绪和抑制情绪）上的差异，共计102名成人参加了此次研究，填写了情绪表达性量表。研究结果表明：（1）成年女性和男性的情绪表达不存在显著差异，但女性在情绪表达的自我观念方面和男性存在显著差异；（2）成人在情绪表达上的年龄差异不显著；（3）教师和其他行业的人员（除艺术类）情绪表达不存在差异。 相似文献
14.
Elizabeth W. Holt Ariane L. Rung Kyla A. Leon Catherine Firestein Marie Krousel-Wood 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):198-211
To effectively address medication adherence and improve cardiovascular health among older adults, a deeper understanding is needed of the barriers that this age group faces and of approaches that would be most effective and feasible for improving adherence. We conducted a focus group study (n = 25) in a diverse population of older adults with hypertension recruited from the Cohort Study of Medication Adherence in Older Adults (CoSMO). A structured guide was used to collect feedback on barriers to adherence and acceptability and the feasibility of intervention strategies. The final coding framework outlines factors at the individual, relationship, health care system, and environmental or policy level that affect adherence in older adults. These include memory, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, side effects, social support, interaction with healthcare providers, and cost and convenience of medication filling. Patient responses highlighted the varied nature of barriers and the need for interventions that are both multifaceted and tailored. 相似文献
15.
Science teachers, school administrators, educators, and the scientific community are faced with ethical controversies over animal dissection in classrooms. Simulation has been proposed as a way of dealing with this issue. One intriguing previous finding was that use of an interactive videodisc dissection facilitated performance on a subsequent actual dissection. This study examined the prior use of simulation of frog dissection in improving students' actual dissection performance and learning of frog anatomy and morphology. There were three experimental conditions: simulation before dissection (SBD); dissection before simulation (DBS); or dissection-only (DO). Results of the study indicated that students receiving SBD performed significantly better than students receiving DBS or DO on both actual dissection and knowledge of the anatomy and morphology. Students' attitudes toward the use of animals for dissection did not change significantly from pretest to posttest and did not interact with treatment. The genders did not differ in achievement, but males were more favorable towards dissection and computers than were females. 相似文献
16.
Howard K. Motoike Robyn L. O'Kane Erez Lenchner Carol Haspel 《Anatomical sciences education》2009,2(1):19-23
The efficacy of clay modeling compared with cat dissection for human muscle identification was examined over two semesters at LaGuardia Community College in Queens, NY. The 181 students in 10 sections in this study were randomly distributed into control (cat dissection) and experimental (clay modeling) groups, and the results of the muscle practical examination were analyzed. The clay‐modeling group was significantly better at identifying human muscles on human models than the cat‐dissection group, and was as good at identifying muscles on their self‐made clay mannequins as the cat‐dissection group was at identifying cat muscle on their specimens. This study demonstrated that clay modeling is more effective than cat dissection for learning human muscles at the community college level. Anat Sci Ed 2:19–23, 2009. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
17.
Christian F. A. Koop Michael Marschollek Andreas Schmiedl Phileas J. Proskynitopoulos Marianne Behrends 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):615-628
The gross anatomy dissection course is considered to be one of the most important subjects in medical school. Advancing technology facilitates the production of e-learning material that can improve the learning of topographic anatomy during the course. The purpose of this study was to examine a locally produced audiovisual dissection manual's effects on performance in dissection, formal knowledge gained, motivation, emotions, learning behavior, and learning efficiency of the medical students. The results, combined with the total effort put into the production of the manual, should support decisions on further implementation of this kind of audiovisual e-learning resource into the university's curriculum. First-year medical students (n = 279) were randomly divided into three groups for two weeks within the regular dissection course hours during the dissection of the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck. Two groups received an audiovisual dissection manual (n = 96) or an improved written manual (n = 94) as an intervention, the control group (n = 89) received the standard dissection manual. After dissection, each student filled out tests and surveys and their dissections were evaluated. The audiovisual dissection manual did not have any significant positive effects on the examined parameters. The effects of the audiovisual dissection manual on the medical students' learning experience, as observed in this study, did not support further curriculum implementation of this kind of e-learning resource. This study can serve as an orientation for further evaluation and design of e-learning resources for the gross anatomy dissection course. 相似文献
18.
The role of human dissection in modern medical curricula has been a topic of intense debate. In part, this is because dissection can be time-consuming and curricular hours are being monitored more carefully. This has led some to question the efficacy and importance of dissection as a teaching method. While this topic has received considerable attention in the literature, the question of how dissection impacts learning has been difficult to evaluate in a real-world, high-stakes setting since participation in dissection is often one of many variables. In this study, this challenge was overcome due to a change in the curriculum of a Special Master Program (SMP) that permitted a comparison between two years of students that learned anatomy using prosection only and two years of students that participated in dissection laboratories. Since each class of SMP students took courses in the medical school, and the medical school anatomy curriculum was constant, medical student performance served as a control throughout the study period. Results demonstrate that SMP students who learned through prosection had lower performance on anatomy practical and written examinations compared to medical students. When the SMP program changed and students started participating in dissection, there were measurable improvements in both practical and written examinations. These findings provide evidence of dissection’s role in learning and applying anatomy knowledge both within and outside the gross anatomy laboratory. 相似文献
19.
Benefits of extracurricular participation in dissection in a prosection‐based medical anatomy program 
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下载免费PDF全文 Alexander Whelan John J. Leddy Christopher J. Ramnanan 《Anatomical sciences education》2018,11(3):294-302
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extracurricular cadaveric dissection program available to medical students at an institution with a modern (time‐compressed, student‐centered, and prosection‐based) approach to medical anatomy education. Quantitative (Likert‐style questions) and qualitative data (thematic analysis of open‐ended commentary) were collated from a survey of three medical student cohorts who had completed preclerkship. Perceived benefits of dissection included the hands‐on learning style and the development of anatomy expertise, while the main barrier that limited participation was the time‐intensive nature of dissection. Despite perceived benefits, students preferred that dissection remain optional. Analysis of assessments for the MD2016 cohort revealed that dissection participation was associated with enhanced performance on anatomy items in each systems‐based unit examination, with the largest benefits observed on discriminating items that assessed knowledge application. In conclusion, this study revealed that there are academic and perceived benefits of extracurricular participation in dissection. While millennial medical students recognized these benefits, these students also indicated strong preference for having flexibility and choice in their anatomy education, including the choice to participate in cadaveric dissection. Anat Sci Educ 11: 294–302. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
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Given the important role that anatomical dissection plays in the shaping of medical student attitudes to life and death, these attitudes have not been evaluated in the context of whole body donation for medical science. First year students of anatomy in an Irish university medical school were surveyed by questionnaire before and after the initial dissection and again after 9 weeks of anatomical dissection. Analysis of student responses to the idea of whole body donation by an unrelated stranger, a family member, or by the respondent showed that a priori attitudes to donation by a stranger did not change with exposure to dissection. However, student opposition to donation by a family member was evident immediately after the initial dissection and was sustained throughout the duration of this study. Support for the idea of donating their bodies to medical science decreased significantly among respondents after exposure to dissection (31.5% before dissection, 19.6% after dissecting for 9 weeks) but not to levels reported in the general population in other studies. This study demonstrates that where dissection forms a part of anatomy teaching, students expect to learn anatomy by dissecting donors whom they do not know. As a potential donor population, students are reluctant to become emotionally involved in the donation process and are unwilling to become donors themselves. Anat Sci Ed 1:212–216, 2008. © 2008 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献