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In this study, we examined the reliability and construct validity of new soccer skills tests. Twenty soccer players (10 professional and 10 recreational) repeated trials of passing, shooting, and dribbling skills on different days. Passing and shooting skills required players to kick a moving ball, delivered at constant speed, towards one of four randomly determined targets. Dribbling required players to negotiate seven cones over 20?m. Each trial consisted of 28 passes, 8 shots, and 10 dribbles. Ball speed, precision, and success were determined for all tests using video analysis. Systematic bias was small (<9% in all measures) and all outcome measures were similar between trials. Test-retest reliability statistics were as follows: ball speed (passing, shooting, dribbling; coefficient of variation [CV]: 6.5%, 6.9%, 2.4%; ratio limits of agreement [RLOA]: 0.958?×/÷ 1.091, 0.990?×/÷ 1.107, 0.993?×/÷ 1.039), precision (passing, shooting, dribbling; CV: 10.0%, 23.5%, 4.6%; RLOA: 0.956?×/÷ 1.147, 1.030?×/÷ 1.356, 1.000?×/÷ 1.068), and success (passing, shooting, dribbling; CV: 11.7%, 14.4%, 2.2%; RLOA: 1.017?×/÷ 1.191, 0.913?×/÷ 1.265, 0.996?×/÷ 1.035). Professional players performed better than recreational players in at least one outcome measure for all skills. These findings demonstrate the reliability and validity of new soccer skill protocols.  相似文献   

3.
Abstract

In this study, we examined the reliability and construct validity of new soccer skills tests. Twenty soccer players (10 professional and 10 recreational) repeated trials of passing, shooting, and dribbling skills on different days. Passing and shooting skills required players to kick a moving ball, delivered at constant speed, towards one of four randomly determined targets. Dribbling required players to negotiate seven cones over 20 m. Each trial consisted of 28 passes, 8 shots, and 10 dribbles. Ball speed, precision, and success were determined for all tests using video analysis. Systematic bias was small (<9% in all measures) and all outcome measures were similar between trials. Test–retest reliability statistics were as follows: ball speed (passing, shooting, dribbling; coefficient of variation [CV]: 6.5%, 6.9%, 2.4%; ratio limits of agreement [RLOA]: 0.958 ×/÷ 1.091, 0.990 ×/÷ 1.107, 0.993 ×/÷ 1.039), precision (passing, shooting, dribbling; CV: 10.0%, 23.5%, 4.6%; RLOA: 0.956 ×/÷ 1.147, 1.030 ×/÷ 1.356, 1.000 ×/÷ 1.068), and success (passing, shooting, dribbling; CV: 11.7%, 14.4%, 2.2%; RLOA: 1.017 ×/÷ 1.191, 0.913 ×/÷ 1.265, 0.996 ×/÷ 1.035). Professional players performed better than recreational players in at least one outcome measure for all skills. These findings demonstrate the reliability and validity of new soccer skill protocols.  相似文献   

4.
The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of experience, body size and maturity status to variation in sport-specific skills of adolescent soccer players. The participants were 69 players aged 13.2-15.1 years from three clubs that competed in the highest division for their age group. Height and body mass were measured and stage of pubic hair development was assessed at clinical examination. Years of experience in football was obtained at interview. Six football skill tests were administered: ball control with the body, ball control with the head, dribbling with a pass, dribbling speed, shooting accuracy and passing accuracy. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relative contributions of age, stage of sexual maturity, height, body mass and years of formal training in soccer to the six skill tests. Age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed significantly but in different combinations to the variance in four of the six skill tests: dribbling with a pass (21%; age, stage of maturity), ball control with the head (14%; stage of maturity, height, body height x body mass interaction), ball control with the body (13%; stage of maturity, years of training) and shooting accuracy (8%; stage of maturity, height; borderline significance, P = 0.06). There were no significant predictors for the tests of dribbling speed and passing accuracy. In conclusion, age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed relatively little to variation in performance in four of the six soccer-specific skill tests in adolescent footballers aged 13-15 years.  相似文献   

5.
技术能力是决定足球胜负的关键。拉夫堡足球传球测试（LSPT）作为评价足球运动员传球、带球、控球和决策能力的综合技能测试方法,因其具有较高信效度而在实际应用中的优势得以凸显。基于筛选所得的40篇实验性研究,从研发历史、测试方法和研究现状对LSPT进行综述,并对其细节和机制进行解读,最后从信效度提升和应用2个方面对LSPT进行展望。LSPT的信效度检验以及其在训练/心理因素对足球运动员综合技能的干预效果评价中的应用是目前LSPT研究的重点。未来的研究方向可集中在：（1）改良方法以进一步提升LSPT的信效度;（2）探究LSPT的结果与长期比赛表现的相关性;（3）建立更大年龄和运动水平跨度的评价标准;（4）探究身体和心理因素对LSPT表现的影响;（5）探究LSPT用于诱导运动性心理疲劳或作为综合技能训练方法的可能性。研究认为我国现有的各层级足球选材和能力测试中的技能测试方法可借鉴LSPT。  相似文献   

6.
The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of experience, body size and maturity status to variation in sport-specific skills of adolescent soccer players. The participants were 69 players aged 13.2?–?15.1 years from three clubs that competed in the highest division for their age group. Height and body mass were measured and stage of pubic hair development was assessed at clinical examination. Years of experience in football was obtained at interview. Six football skill tests were administered: ball control with the body, ball control with the head, dribbling with a pass, dribbling speed, shooting accuracy and passing accuracy. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relative contributions of age, stage of sexual maturity, height, body mass and years of formal training in soccer to the six skill tests. Age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed significantly but in different combinations to the variance in four of the six skill tests: dribbling with a pass (21%; age, stage of maturity), ball control with the head (14%; stage of maturity, height, body height × body mass interaction), ball control with the body (13%; stage of maturity, years of training) and shooting accuracy (8%; stage of maturity, height; borderline significance, P?=?0.06). There were no significant predictors for the tests of dribbling speed and passing accuracy. In conclusion, age, experience, body size and stage of puberty contributed relatively little to variation in performance in four of the six soccer-specific skill tests in adolescent footballers aged 13?–?15 years.  相似文献   

7.
The development of a comprehensive protocol for quantifying soccer-specific skill could markedly improve both talent identification and development. Surprisingly, most protocols for talent identification in soccer still focus on the more generic athletic attributes of team sports, such as speed, strength, agility and endurance, rather than on a player’s technical skills. We used a multivariate methodology borrowed from evolutionary analyses of adaptation to develop our quantitative assessment of individual soccer-specific skill. We tested the performance of 40 individual academy-level players in eight different soccer-specific tasks across an age range of 13–18 years old. We first quantified the repeatability of each skill performance then explored the effects of age on soccer-specific skill, correlations between each of the pairs of skill tasks independent of age, and finally developed an individual metric of overall skill performance that could be easily used by coaches. All of our measured traits were highly repeatable when assessed over a short period and we found that an individual’s overall skill – as well as their performance in their best task – was strongly positively correlated with age. Most importantly, our study established a simple but comprehensive methodology for assessing skill performance in soccer players, thus allowing coaches to rapidly assess the relative abilities of their players, identify promising youths and work on eliminating skill deficits in players.  相似文献   

8.
足球游戏在现代足球教学中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
传统足球教学模式已不能适应现代教学形式发展的需要。长期以来,普通大中专学校足球传统教学一直朝竞技足球方向发展。其特点是:教学过程中将足球运动的方法、手段分解为多个相对独立的单元,形成技战术分类体系。而足球教学的实际情况是,学生入学时足球基础水平普遍较低,学习时间短;要使学生更快、更好地掌握足球基本知识、基本技术、基本技能,存在很大困难,枯燥单调的教学技术技能,很容易使学生感到厌烦,从而对足球失去了兴趣和信心。为使学生在不失去对足球兴趣的同时提高自己的技术技能,笔者查阅了大量资料,找到了适合普通中等专业学校教学实际情况的足球游戏教学法。  相似文献   

9.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the development of skill competence and tactical sophistication during a games unit conducted following the features of sport education provided by Siedentop (1994). One team of six players was followed through a 30-lesson season of “Ultimate.” Using Gréhaigne, Godbout, and Bouthier's (1997) formula for an efficiency index, together with a number of other measures of skill and tactical competence, it was determined that these students made significant improvements in selection and execution dimensions of the game. Furthermore, lower skilled students did not feel marginalized within their teams and believed they had equal opportunities for improvement. The key reasons for developing competence in this setting were the sufficient length of the season to allow for significant practice opportunities and the consistent team membership throughout season, which allowed all players to develop a sense of usefulness. This curriculum model provides one way students can develop skills through a system of game playing, provided sport education units are structured to prevent the more skillful players from dominating the games.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine organizational treatment discrimination (i.e., when members of a group receive fewer rewards, opportunities, or resources than they legitimately deserve based on job-related criteria) in the context of women's athletics. Data were collected from 170 assistant coaches of women's teams (i.e., women's basketball, softball, track, volleyball, soccer, and tennis). Results indicate that women's perceived work experiences and outcomes were comparable, and sometimes better, than those of men. We present competing explanations for this finding. First, it is possible that these women were not subjected to treatment discrimination. Alternatively, it is possible that this demonstrates the existence of the “paradox of the contented working woman.” Additional analyses indicate that work experiences explained a large portion of the variance in organizational commitment and turnover intentions, thereby demonstrating their importance in the workplace.  相似文献   

11.
The popularity of women's soccer has increased in Germany since the inauguration of the sport in 1970 by the German Football Association. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current image of women's soccer in general and the pre-event image of the World Cup 2011 in particular, as well as the key drivers and indicators that trigger interest in attending women's soccer matches. The study sample consists of sport-interested individuals who were questioned concerning their attitudes and actions related to the attendance at women's soccer matches at different leisure facilities and sport events in Germany in 2009 (n = 1284). Additive image indexes were created in order to evaluate the respective images of women's soccer and the Women's World Cup. Regression analyses were applied to test the key drivers for interest in attending matches. The results suggest that age is important in determining the perceived image of women's soccer and the Women's World Cup and gender influences the perception of the pre-event image of the Women's World Cup. Moreover, various image indicators influence future behavior which applies as well to age. No differences were found regarding an effect of gender on future behavior. Regarding women's soccer it can be said that the more interesting, exciting and cheerful it is perceived to be, the higher the interest in attending matches. These attributes can be used in marketing communications to foster game attendance.  相似文献   

12.
This study investigated how learning a passing skill with futsal or soccer task constraints influenced transfer to a new task. Futsal (n?=?24, 13.6?±?1.2 years old, 7.0?±?1.6 years of experience) and soccer (n?=?24, 13.6?±?1.2 years old, 6.8?±?1.2 years of experience) players performed two 5v5?+?goalkeeper modified games – a futsal-like task (small playing area with the futsal ball) and soccer-like task (large playing area with the soccer ball). Participants’ passing accuracy and their orientation of attention were assessed during the two tasks. The futsal group improved their passing accuracy (ES?=?0.75?±?0.61) from the futsal-like to the soccer-like task, and they were more accurate than soccer players (ES?=?2.98?±?2.96). Conversely, the soccer group’s passing accuracy remained stable across the two tasks (ES?=?0.10?±?0.52) and it was similar to the futsal group in the futsal-like task (ES?=?0.58?±?1.93). This indicates a higher magnitude of transfer (and adaptability) from performing passes in a small playing area with short time to act – futsal task constraints – to a larger playing area with longer time – soccer task constraints – than vice-versa. Furthermore, the futsal group showed a higher adaptation of attention orientation to the affordances that emerged with the soccer task constraints, which is suggested to be one of the main mechanisms promoting skill transfer. These results encourage soccer practitioners to introduce futsal task constraints to fast-track players’ ability to functionally adapt perception–action coupling.  相似文献   

13.
岳艳丽 《体育科研》2008,29(5):73-76
通过对第五届女足世界杯32场比赛111个进球的统计，表明下半场比赛的前15min是比赛进球的高峰期，总进球数的72．08％是在跑动进攻中完成的；超过3／5的进球都是在1～3人在1～15S中3次以下传球配合完成的，另外35．66％的进球通过定位球完成。完成全部进球的进攻战术结构模型有5种：后场抢断发动快攻个人突破射门得分是最基本的进攻模型、前场定位球快速发动射门得分是核心的进攻模型、中后场逐步推进发动阵地进攻射门得分是重要的进攻模型，边路进攻、边路传中和利用界外球进攻射门得分战术模型是有益的进攻战术补充，中场发动进攻中路传切配合进攻射门得分战术模型是最常用的战术方法。  相似文献   

14.
目的：通过分析第二届青运会排球专项身体素质成绩、项目设置及与比赛名次的关系,为青年排球专项身体素质测试及训练提供有借鉴意义的参考。方法：收集第二届青年运动会男排U18组和女排U17组24支球队的专项身体素质成绩和比赛名次进行统计并分析二者相关性。结果：男排U18组和女排U17组助跑摸高的成绩分别为(3.24±0.11) m、(2.91±0.11) m,占总分比为20.1%、21.9%;半“米”字移动成绩分别为(15.66±0.74) s、(16.95±0.84) s,占总分比为20.8%、18.1%;30 m跑成绩分别为(4.35±0.18) s、(4.98±0.23) s,占总分比为23.2%、18.2%;抛掷实心球成绩分别为(12.32±1.82) m、(9.22±1.45) m,占总分比为23.0%、22.1%;男子1 500 m项目平均成绩为(337.14±28.79) s,占总分比为12.8%,女子800 m成绩为(183.10±22.28) s,占总分比为19.6%。男排U18组和女排U17组身体素质总分与比赛名次呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),即身体素质总分越高,比赛名次越靠前。结论与建议：男排U18组和女排U17组各队助跑摸高成绩差距最小,半“米”字移动、抛掷实心球和1 500 m(800 m)跑成绩差距较大;女排U17组身体素质项目各项得分较为均衡,成绩设置合理,男排U18组1 500 m项目设置的必要性及得分设定需进一步分析研讨;青年排球专项身体素质成绩越高,比赛名次越好,目前采用的专项身体素质测试方法较为合理,对竞赛成绩有较好预测性。  相似文献   

15.
梳理了目前国际上球类比赛数据可视化和可视分析的现状,通过对足球、篮球、冰球、橄榄球、网球、乒乓球和棒球等案例研究发现:同场对抗项目可视分析主要关注球员位置移动和球运行轨迹的时空变化 ;隔网对抗项目可视分析主要关注运动员每次击球行为属性(技术、落点、位置、弧线、得失分等)以及击球行为序列变化的时空与关联特征。研究还发现,体能主导类项目和技能主导类表现项目比赛数据的可视化和可视分析是今后需重点关注的方向。  相似文献   

16.
本文通过对第１２届亚运会男子足球决赛阶段中国足球队比赛的统计分析，了解到男足队员在攻入对方罚球区附近３０ｍ区域内进攻失误中传球失误是造成进攻失败的主要原因，接停球失误的主要原因是接停球过大和第二动作缓慢．今后应加强这些薄弱环节的针对性训练，以促进男足水平的迅速提高。  相似文献   

17.
第16届世界足球锦标赛进球*进攻战术运用结构模式的研究   总被引：28，自引：2，他引：26  
通过对第１６ 届世界足球锦标赛决赛阶段的６４ 场比赛射进１７１ 个球的统计,结果表明进球的高峰时区是上、下半场的开始和结束前的１５ｍｉｎ;总进球数中的６３－７％ 是以跑动传接球配合射入的,另外的３６－３％ 是通过定位球配合射入的等等。完成全部进球的主要进攻战术运用结构模式有三种：后场抢断发动快攻个人突破射门得分是最基本的战术模式;前场定位球快速发动进攻边路传中直接射门得分是最核心的战术模式;中场发动进攻中路传切配合,点球或２、３ 区停球射门得分是常用的战术模式  相似文献   

18.
The ability to recognize patterns of play is fundamental to performance in team sports. While typically assumed to be domain-specific, pattern recognition skills may transfer from one sport to another if similarities exist in the perceptual features and their relations and/or the strategies used to encode and retrieve relevant information. A transfer paradigm was employed to compare skilled and less skilled soccer, field hockey and volleyball players' pattern recognition skills. Participants viewed structured and unstructured action sequences from each sport, half of which were randomly represented with clips not previously seen. The task was to identify previously viewed action sequences quickly and accurately. Transfer of pattern recognition skill was dependent on the participant's skill, sport practised, nature of the task and degree of structure. The skilled soccer and hockey players were quicker than the skilled volleyball players at recognizing structured soccer and hockey action sequences. Performance differences were not observed on the structured volleyball trials between the skilled soccer, field hockey and volleyball players. The skilled field hockey and soccer players were able to transfer perceptual information or strategies between their respective sports. The less skilled participants' results were less clear. Implications for domain-specific expertise, transfer and diversity across domains are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Purpose: The powerful activity profile of elite soccer match play has not been documented appropriately to inform specific maximal power assessment and development criteria. The aims of the current study were to develop a reliable soccer-specific powerful action (SSPA) notational analysis coding system that could be used to compare frequency and durations of powerful actions during elite youth soccer match play. Methods: Sixteen elite male English Premier League (EPL) Academy players (19 ± 1 yrs) were recorded by an individual camera during 16 competitive EPL U18 and U21 games. Video footage was analyzed using performance analysis software and SSPAs were coded according to the following categories: initial acceleration, leading acceleration, sprint, unilateral jump and bilateral jump. Results: The SSPA coding system demonstrated very good inter- and intra-rater reliability (kappa coefficients ≥ 0.827). Elite youth EPL soccer players undertook significantly more initial (31 ± 9) and leading (37 ± 12) accelerations than sprints (8 ± 3; p = .014, d = 1.7, and p < .001, d = 1.7, respectively) and jumps (6 ± 5; p = .002, d = 1.7 and p < .001, d = 1.7, respectively). Players performed a significantly greater number of initial and leading accelerations with action durations below 1.5 s compared to above 1.5 s (p = .001, d = 1.6, and p = .002, d = 1.4), respectively. Conclusions: Our SSPA coding system provides a reliable observational instrument for quantifying the frequency and duration of powerful actions performed during elite soccer match play. In our sample of elite youth soccer players, horizontal accelerations of short duration (< 1.5 s) from different starting speeds appear the most dominant powerful action in elite youth soccer match play.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate why futsal players decide to dribble. For this purpose, we analysed 396 trials comprising the dribbles (n = 132), passes (n = 131) or shots (n = 133), performed by 70 male futsal players. Passing and shooting angles, and interpersonal distance, including their rates of change (velocity and variability), were regarded as measures of interpersonal coordination tendency and a comparison was made among dribbling, passing and shooting situations. In addition, the variables identified as constraints on deciding to dribble were analysed in relation to age categories, dribbling outcomes and futsal court zone. Results revealed that passing and shooting angles, and interpersonal distance showed higher variability in dribbling than in passing and shooting situations. The findings allowed us to conclude that decision-making on dribbling was influenced by the variabilities of passing angles as well as shooting and interpersonal distance, and that success in dribbling was affected by the variability of interpersonal distance. Such variabilities were interpreted concerning their meaning of risk and/or uncertainty in the execution of motor skills.  相似文献   

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