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1.
《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,(1)
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of sampling rate on closed system which has been discretized from continuous system and in which the ZOH is not inserted, As an example, in has been discribed for the second order system that the impoper choice of sampling rate may cause the unstability of a discretized system, though its original continuous system is stable. The change of locations of poles due to the variations of sampling rate are shown in plots. Proper sampling rate is suggested. Different methods of discretization are compared, and the bilinear transform is recommended. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(4):103388
Information science, high-performance computing and artificial intelligence have boosted interdisciplinary topics in a wide range of domains, which calls for novel theories and methods specialized for the interdisciplinary research driven by information processing and management (IP&M)-centric methodology, frameworks and methods. In this article, we present a taxonomy of the IP&M_driven interdiscipline describing different levels of cross-disciplinary research paradigms centered around data, information and computing, and discuss opportunities and challenges confronted with the IP&M-driven interdiscipline development. We highlight the role of IP&M (and related disciplines, fields, or areas) in facilitating the interdisciplinary research and development. 相似文献
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Lazaro Alessandro Soares Nunes Sayeeda Mussavira Omana Sukumaran Bindhu 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(2):177-192
This systematic review presents the latest trends in salivary research and its applications in health and disease. Among the large number of analytes present in saliva, many are affected by diverse physiological and pathological conditions. Further, the non-invasive, easy and cost-effective collection methods prompt an interest in evaluating its diagnostic or prognostic utility. Accumulating data over the past two decades indicates towards the possible utility of saliva to monitor overall health, diagnose and treat various oral or systemic disorders and drug monitoring. Advances in saliva based systems biology has also contributed towards identification of several biomarkers, development of diverse salivary diagnostic kits and other sensitive analytical techniques. However, its utilization should be carefully evaluated in relation to standardization of pre-analytical and analytical variables, such as collection and storage methods, analyte circadian variation, sample recovery, prevention of sample contamination and analytical procedures. In spite of all these challenges, there is an escalating evolution of knowledge with the use of this biological matrix.Key words: saliva, non-invasive, biological markers, drug monitoring, oral health 相似文献
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Ta-Mu Chien 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1974,298(3):181-199
The classical theory of matching an arbitrary load to a resistive generator to achieve a desired power gain is extended to matching an arbitrary load to a generator with arbitrary internal impedance. Given the load and generator impedances and the desired power gain, the necessary and sufficient conditions on the power gain is established such that there exists a lumped lossless 2-port which, when operated between two given impedances, realized the desired power gain. The constraints on the gain function are formulated in coefficient and integral form. Design procedures are outlined and illustrated by several nontrivial examples. A design chart is prepared to facilitate the engineer to carry out the details involved.The first part of the paper develops the matching theory. Part II gives design procedure and examples. 相似文献
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Rajat Khanna 《Research Policy》2021,50(2):104159
Following the death of a star scientist, do coauthors experience a uniform decline in productivity? Prior work informs us that the death of a star negatively influences coauthors’ productivity. In this study, I extend this idea and argue that the characteristics of coauthors’ collaboration networks moderate the negative association between a star's death and coauthors’ productivity. The analyses of data on academic publications in pharmacology and pharmacy between 1980 and 2000 reveal that the death of stars has heterogeneously affected the subsequent productivity of coauthors. In particular, I find that the effective size of the coauthors' collaboration network mitigated the negative effect of a star's death. In contrast, the stability of the coauthors' collaboration network intensified the negative aftermath of the loss of a star scientist. The findings uncover the role of collaborative ties of the coauthors of a deceased star in pursuit of scientific research. 相似文献
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Jih-Jeng Huang 《知识管理研究与实践》2013,11(3):230-240
Organizational knowledge, learning and memory have been popular topics for both academic research and practical applications over the past 20 years. But until now, these issues have been discussed independently and in a fragmented way. It is asserted that these concepts are interrelated and should be considered as a part of a system. Here, the perspective of the immune system is employed to integrate the issues of organizational knowledge, learning and memory into a framework and to explain their interrelationships. The perspective developed in this paper pioneers a micro-view to integrate and explain organizational phenomena. 相似文献
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Contemporary ICTs such as speaking machines and computer games tend to create illusions. Is this ethically problematic? Is it deception? And what kind of “reality” do we presuppose when we talk about illusion in this context? Inspired by work on similarities between ICT design and the art of magic and illusion, responding to literature on deception in robot ethics and related fields, and briefly considering the issue in the context of the history of machines, this paper discusses these questions through the lens of stage magic and illusionism, with the aim of reframing the very question of deception. It investigates if we can take a more positive or at least morally neutral view of magic, illusion, and performance, while still being able to understand and criticize the relevant phenomena, and if we can describe and evaluate these phenomena without recourse to the term “deception” at all. This leads the paper into a discussion about metaphysics and into taking a relational and narrative turn. Replying to Tognazzini, the paper identifies and analyses two metaphysical positions: a narrative and performative non-dualist position is articulated in response to what is taken to be a dualist, in particular Platonic, approach to “deception” phenomena. The latter is critically discussed and replaced by a performative and relational approach which avoids a distant “view from nowhere” metaphysics and brings us back to the phenomena and experience in the performance relation. The paper also reflects on the ethical and political implications of the two positions: for the responsibility of ICT designers and users, which are seen as co-responsible magicians or co-performers, and for the responsibility of those who influence the social structures that shape who has (more) power to deceive or to let others perform. 相似文献
8.
《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(18):9298-9320
In this paper, an innovative piezo-hydraulic actuator (PHA) is considered that is intended to realize a fully variable valve control in camless combustion engines. A nonlinear model of the hydraulic system part is presented along with linear models of the remaining system parts. Accurate tracking of desired valve trajectories as well as soft landing despite disturbance forces and measurement noise is achieved using a combined control strategy. It consists of an input–output linearization of the nonlinear part as well as feedforward and linear quadratic integral (LQI) feedback control of the linear system part. Given measurements of the valve spool and engine valve positions, a Cascaded Extended Kalman Filter (CEKF) structure provides estimates for the immeasurable states. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. 相似文献
9.
The commercialization of forensic scientific provision in the UK over the last two decades has had a major role in shaping a changing epistemic identity for forensic scientists working within this jurisdiction. Efforts to match the presumed epistemological standards of the 'pure' sciences have been brought together with concerns about value for money in a new approach to the interpretation of evidence, an activity that lies at the heart of criminal investigative practice. A study of the Case Assessment and Interpretation method developed by members of the UK Forensic Science Service is used to show how a technical innovation in the delivery of forensic science services to the police has instantiated these two recent social processes. 相似文献
10.
Qun Liu Daqing Jiang Tasawar Hayat Ahmed Alsaedi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(16):8177-8193
In this paper, we propose and study a stochastic predator–prey model with herd behavior. Firstly, by constructing a suitable stochastic Lyapunov function, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of an ergodic stationary distribution of the positive solutions to the model. Then we establish sufficient conditions for extinction of the predator population in two cases, that is, the first case is the prey population survival and the predator population extinction; the second case is all the prey and predator populations extinction. Finally, some examples together with numerical simulations are introduced to illustrate the theoretical results. 相似文献
11.
People use social media to help them solve problems and enhance performance. Users may engage in diverse social interactions online, increasing their knowledge base through both weak and strong ties. In this study we investigate the impact of social networks on job performance, focusing on knowledge quality and diversity based on social network theory and the knowledge-based view. The empirical analysis reveals that the strength of social network ties is strongly associated with knowledge quality in offline interactions, while social network diversity is associated with knowledge quality in online interactions. Knowledge quality acquired from social network has a significant impact on both creativity and productivity of job performance in the workplace. However, knowledge diversity acquired from diverse social network interactions is strongly associated with creativity, but not with productivity. The results of this study increase our understanding of the knowledge sourcing behaviors of workers. 相似文献
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《普罗米修斯》2012,30(1):67-71
Dr Peter Wilmshurst is a consultant cardiologist. He is a leader in his field, and also a whistleblower, drawing attention to that which he believes to be wrong. He was presented with the HealthWatch Award 2003. Peter Wilmshurst has clashed with universities, editors, the medical establishment, and – perhaps inevitably – with the pharmaceutical industry. It is this last encounter that has taken him to court and that has made explicit and very public the relevance of the UK's libel laws to scientific research. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2006,(2)
Despite its tiny size, the fruitfly (Drosophila) brain is fairly intricate.Recently a group of neuroscien- tists from the CAS Institute of Biophysics (IBP) have managed to catch the first glimpse of the circuitry within a fruitfly neural s ys tem for visu… 相似文献
16.
Information technology (IT) engagement is defined as a need to spend more time using IT. Practice-based examples show that IT engagement can have adverse effects in organizations. Although users can potentially get more work done through IT engagement, observations show that the users might jeopardize their well-being and hamper their work performance. We aimed to investigate this complexity in the research on IT engagement by examining its potential antecedents and outcomes in organizations. Considering the potentially mixed outcomes, we developed a model to examine the effects of IT engagement on personal productivity and strain. We also aimed to explain the antecedents of IT engagement by drawing on the collective expectations for IT use. In particular, we examined the extent to which normative pressure on IT use drives users’ information load and IT engagement. Finally, we sought to understand whether users’ attempts to avert dependency on IT use reduced their IT engagement. Several hypotheses were developed and tested with survey data of 1091 organizational IT users. The findings help explain the role of normative pressure as a key driver of IT engagement and validate the positive and negative outcomes of IT engagement in organizations. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(1):9-15
Good information and records management is assumed to promote organizational efficiency. Despite established management regimes and available technology, many organizations still consider information and records management challenging. The reason may be cultural factors. This study based on a literature review, aims to explore the academic discourse on information culture and to discuss its relevance for records management. The findings show that the concept information culture is used in various ways: as an explanatory framework; as an analytical and evaluative tool; or as normative standard. The research on information culture addresses several areas: business performance, systems implementation, the manifestation of information culture in different organizations, and a few concerns records management practices. The research settings and the objects of study varied, why general conclusions are difficult to draw, but often a positive correlation between culture and performance is assumed. The focus has been on how information is used, shared and disseminated, while the production and management, that is the vital object of records management, has with few exceptions been neglected. If information culture should fully function as an analytical framework concerning records management, a widened and more inclusive conceptualization is required, which also will enrich information culture as a theoretical concept. 相似文献
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Given the affective psychological and cognitive dynamics prevalent during human–robot-interlocution, the vulnerability to cultural-political influences of the design aesthetics of a social humanoid robot has far-reaching ramifications. Building upon this hypothesis, I explicate the relationship between the structures of the constitution social ontology and computational semiotics, and ventures a theoretical framework which I proposes as a thesis that impels a moral responsibility on engineers of social humanoids. In distilling this thesis, the implications of the intersection between the socio-aesthetics of racialised and genderised humanoids and the phenomenology of human–robot-interaction are illuminated by the figuration of the experience of a typical black rural African woman as the user, that is, an interlocutor with an industry-standard socially-situated humanlike robot. The representation of the gravity of the psycho-existential and socio-political ramifications of such woman’s life with humanoids is abstracted and posited as grounds that illustrate the imperative for roboticists to take socio-ethical considerations seriously in their designs of humanoids.
相似文献20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2007,(1)
Prof. Uli Schwarz (1934-2006), director of the CAS Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies, had devoted himself to S&T cooperation and exchanges between China and Germany. 相似文献