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1.
Despite its essential role in educational reform, professional development typically does not receive adequate support in systemic reform efforts. This article presents an exception—a state that incorporated professional development as a central priority in its reform effort and four schools that used state resources to build their capacity for enacting the reform agenda. We describe central features of Kentucky's approach to professional development, characterize elements of professional development within the four schools, and discuss how these elements promoted three dimensions of school capacity: individual teachers’ knowledge, skills, and dispositions; professional community; and program coherence. Based on this “image of the possible,” we offer recommendations for professional development that supports systemic, standards-based educational reform. 相似文献
2.
Louise Starkey Anne YatesLuanna H. Meyer Cedric HallMike Taylor Susan StevensRawiri Toia 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2009
Teacher professional development variously supports ongoing skill development, new knowledge, and systems change. In New Zealand, the implementation of major assessment reforms in senior secondary schools provided opportunity to investigate teacher professional development as a function of the particular stage of an educational reform. Multi-method data sources including teacher surveys and school case studies were employed to evaluate professional development during the embedding stage of a standards-based assessment system, revealing a positive relationship between professional satisfaction and teacher involvement in setting priorities for the professional development. Other positive features were networking, personalized learning, and facilitator expertise. This research illustrates the importance of tailoring professional learning to implementation phase of an organizational change. 相似文献
3.
What teaching practices foster inquiry and promote students to learn challenging subject matter in urban schools? Inquiry‐based instruction and successful inquiry learning and teaching in project‐based science (PBS) were described in previous studies (Brown & Campione, 1990 ; Crawford, 1999 ; Krajcik, Blumenfeld, Marx, Bass, & Fredricks, 1998 ; Krajcik, Blumenfeld, Marx, & Solloway, 1994 ; Minstrell & van Zee, 2000 ). In this article, we describe the characteristics of inquiry teaching practices that promote student learning in urban schools. Teaching is a major factor that affects both achievement of and attitude of students toward science (Tamir, 1998 ). Our involvement in reform in a large urban district includes the development of suitable learning materials and providing continuous and practiced‐based professional development (Fishman & Davis, in press; van Es, Reiser, Matese, & Gomez, 2002 ). Urban schools face particular challenges when enacting inquiry‐based teaching practices like those espoused in PBS. In this article, we describe two case studies of urban teachers whose students achieved high gains on pre‐ and posttests and who demonstrated a great deal of preparedness and commitment to their students. Teachers' attempts to help their students to perform well are described and analyzed. The teachers we discuss work in a school district that strives to bring about reform in mathematics and science through systemic reform. The Center for Learning Technologies in Urban Schools (LeTUS) collaborates with the Detroit Public Schools to bring about reform in middle‐school science. Through this collaboration, diverse populations of urban‐school students learn science through inquiry‐oriented projects and the use of various educational learning technologies. For inquiry‐based science to succeed in urban schools, teachers must play an important role in enacting the curriculum while addressing the unique needs of students. The aim of this article is to describe patterns of good science teaching in urban school. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 43: 722–745, 2006 相似文献
4.
Stephanie L. Knight Dawn Parker Whitney Zimmerman Atman Ikhlief 《Learning Environments Research》2014,17(1):29-47
Recently, Qatar established educational reform in charter (independent) schools focusing on curriculum standards, student-centred teaching, standards-based assessment, English as the language of instruction, and extensive professional development. A primary area of emphasis was the creation of student-centred mathematics and science classrooms characterised by inquiry and active student participation. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the learning environments of Qatari mathematics and science classrooms at two levels: in higher- and lower-performing Qatari schools implementing the recent Education for a New Era reform elements; and in classes of teachers who experienced professional development focused on student-centred teaching strategies and those who did not. Participants included teachers and students in 47 grade 3 and 4 mathematics and science classrooms. Classroom observations were conducted and student learning environment surveys were administered at the beginning and end of the semester. Results indicated low levels of student-centred instruction, despite significant improvement over time. Few differences by level of school performance or professional development participation existed. However, Personalisation emerged as a key learning environment variable related to teachers’ implementation of student-centred instruction. 相似文献
5.
沈学文 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,(4):11-14
我国新一轮课程改革对教师的专业化发展提出了更高的要求。“如何促进教师的专业化发展”已成为人们关注的焦点。美术课程改革的成败取决于中小学美术教师的专业化发展。文章从教师专业化发展的内涵出发,针对中小学美术教师专业化发展的现状和问题,提出了促进中小学美术教师教师专业化发展的有效途径。 相似文献
6.
Researchers have argued that Twitter has potential to support high-quality professional development (PD) that can respond to teachers’ questions and concerns just in time and “on the spot.” Yet, very little attention has been paid to instances where Twitter has made just-in-time learning possible. In this paper, we examine one instance of timely professional development on Twitter, in which 3,598 users used an educational hashtag—#educattentats—to create a temporary affinity space supporting French teachers preparing to discuss recent terrorist attacks with their students. We describe this just-in-time PD by focusing on participants and modes of participation, the spread of the hashtag in its first hours and the growth and eventual decline of the hashtag over the course of 28 days. The results of this study suggest that #educattentats served effectively as just-in-time professional development for teachers. Implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Patricia E. Bourke 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(8):817-827
During the past 10 years in Australia teacher aides have been employed in mainstream schools as support personnel in special education intervention programmes, and their numbers are increasing. At the same time workplace reform in relation to inclusive education is impacting on their employment and deployment in schools to support students with disabilities and learning difficulties. In Queensland, teacher aides have been offered formal career paths, with increased pay scales, based on the recognition and continuing attainment of qualifications or credentials. However, there is increasing recognition in the educational research community that professional development for any change, and especially the complex changes in culture needed for inclusive education, is about developing and managing a collaborative process of change through reflection on, learning about, and sharing meanings and understandings about effective support of all students, in ways that value the diversities and celebrate the differences of the perspectives of the whole school community. How can we move the process of professional development for teacher aides forward? The experiences and knowledge that teacher aides already can have further inform this process of change through professional development. 相似文献
8.
In this article, we describe the Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC), as well as its intellectual ground and reform efforts. We begin by examining the foundations that provide shape to the ISLLC standards. We review new visions of learning and teaching, changing conceptions of organizations, and reconfigured relationships between schools and their communities. We also analyze the evolving context of schooling, focusing on movements underway in the economic, social, and political domains of the education industry. The middle part of the article reviews the picture of educational leadership that informs the work of the consortium. In the final section, we describe the principles and core tenets that provide the architecture for the standards and outline the standards themselves. We also chronicle how the ISLLC standards are being used to strengthen educational leadership throughout the United States. 相似文献
9.
Professional Culture and Professional Development in Jewish Schools: Teachers' Perceptions and Experiences 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Susan S. Stodolsky Gail Zaiman Dorph Sharon Feiman Nemser 《Journal of Jewish Education》2013,79(2):91-108
In this article, we report a study of professional culture and professional development in Jewish schools based on surveys of teachers and other staff and interviews with principals. We first introduce three key constructs: professional culture, professional development, and professional learning communities. We then describe research that has identified features of each that support teacher learning. With this background in mind, we compare the current realities in Jewish schools as gleaned through the survey with typical public schools and with the features of schools identified in the literature as supportive of teacher learning and collegiality. Finally, we suggest the next steps that might be taken to improve Jewish schools as settings in which teacher growth and learning flourish. 相似文献
10.
Recent educational policy in India has repositioned elementary school teachers as active, reflective practitioners, not just ‘deliverers’ of syllabus material. This article examines innovations in teacher support in Rajasthan's government schools through the ‘Quality Education Program.’ Drawing on qualitative research of collaborative learning processes, the paper discusses two support strategies used by the program: professional dialogic interactions and modeling of pedagogic strategies, which paralleled introductory or developmental phases within a ‘collaborative apprenticeship model’ of teacher professional development. In doing so, the paper outlines the potential of situated, collaborative approaches for Indian in-service teacher education and education development reform, more broadly. 相似文献
11.
试论高等学校以能力为中心的考试改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考试是学校教学过程的重要环节,考试改革是高等学校教学改革的重要内容之一。传统的高校考试制度存在许多问题和弊端,必须从教育观念、试卷设计、考试内容和形式、考试模式等方面对高校考试方式进行改革。考试对于培养学生的学习能力、思维能力、专业技术能力和创新能力以及改变学生的学习方式,起着不可忽视的引导作用。 相似文献
12.
高效学习与理解性教学——对话《高效学习》作者Linda Darling-Hammond教授 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
琳达·达林一哈蒙德（Linda Darling—Hammond）,美国斯坦福大学教育学教授,教育学博士,美国当代教育改革分析家,美国教师专业化改革取向的领军人物,奥巴马政府现行教育政策改革团队领导人．斯坦福教育领导研究所和斯坦福教育机会政策中心联席主任。她和她的团队自20世纪90年代开始聚焦于教育教学改革及实践研究。2008年出版了《高效学习：我们所知道的理解性教学》一书,该书是琳达·达林一哈蒙德（Linda Darling—Hammond）与布里基·巴伦（Brigid Barron）等7位知名学者花了10多年进行学习研究的成果。作者基于人是如何学习的理论观点,聚焦于阅读与素养、数学、科学这三大主要学科领域,从理论和实践层面探索了“理解性教学”的教学形式：基于项目学习、设计的学习问题的学习,阐释了在新技术的强大支持下,革新课堂学习环境,促进高效学习的策略以及影响这些策略有效性的因素与条件。作者还提出了变革学校体系,为理解性教学重构学校的主张。2009年华东师范大学学习科学研究团队翻译了琳达·达林-哈蒙德的这部著作,并就该书中的高效学习与理解性教学的教育思想与作者进行了深度交流。琳达·达林-哈蒙德教授的思考给人们提供了认识21世纪学习的新视角,也会对21世纪学校体系变革带来启示。 相似文献
13.
国际上越来越多的研究表明,专业学习社群能够促进教师专业发展及推动学校变革。本研究对专业学习社群进行概念化,并基于中国的学校背景,探索出一套教师专业学习社群的表现指标,对上海市7所中小学进行抽样调查。运用主成分分析法对数据进行分析,得到适用于中国大陆的指标体系,并进一步分析教师专业学习社群的内涵与发展状况。研究发现,所调查的学校在教师合作学习、专业能力、校长领导、结构支持方面均具有良好的表现,且组织变革障碍不大。可通过改善校长领导和结构支持,控制学校内部的组织变革障碍等途径促进教师合作学习和专业能力的发展,以进一步促进教师专业学习社群的发展。 相似文献
14.
Kay Bishop 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2013,40(2):257-270
From 2001 to 2004 Education Queensland undertook significant literacy reform in schools through the Literate Futures Project. Research into the impact of this reform has revealed that significant demands were placed on women at all levels, from those producing resources to those leading change within schools. Although the reform was a government response to globalisation, many women were driven by a commitment to a collaborative approach to professional learning that addressed equity and improving educational outcomes for all students. But what was the cost of this commitment to the project? Failure to acknowledge the emotion work demanded by educational reform effectively silences women and the significant contribution they make. This paper examining a 21st century literacy reform draws on the work of Fraser and Boler to argue for gender justice and acknowledgement of emotion work. 相似文献
15.
教师专业化视野下的教师教育改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
教师专业化既是教育发展的客观要求,也是教师个体发展的内在需要。当前要真正促进教师专业化发展,就必须进行教师教育改革：一是要建构专业化理念,提升教师专业化发展的意识和能力;二是要以专业化为导向,优化教师教育课程结构;三是要明确专业化标准,提升教师的学历层次;四是要进行整体设计,实现职前职后教育一体化;五是要建立教师专业发展学校,加强理论和实践的结合。 相似文献
16.
随着基础教育课程改革的不断深入,对中小学教师的专业发展提出了新的更高的要求。教师专业的发展对提升教学质量具有重要的作用。促进中小学教师专业发展的方式为：自主学习式、教学反思式、同伴互助式、定向研究式等。 相似文献
17.
Yin Cheong Cheng 《Prospects》2009,39(1):69-89
In the past 15 years, numerous reforms and initiatives in many countries in the Asia-Pacific region have aimed to change education
and promote new learning to prepare the new generation for the future. Unfortunately, despite good intentions and huge investments
of resources, many of these reforms have been found to be ineffective and unsustainable—if they succeed at all. Reflecting
on the trends and waves of educational reform in the Asia-Pacific region, this paper introduces an international lesson on
the emerging syndrome of educational reform across the region and illustrates its negative impacts on teacher ecology and
teacher management. Then, the paper outlines the implications of this lesson and of a study of the world’s best-performing
educational systems, using them to develop a holistic approach to managing teachers and planning for their sustainable professional
development. Finally, it highlights the paradigm shifts in teacher management, reviewing the three waves of educational reform
in the last two decades, and draws further implications for formulating teacher management policies in ongoing and future
educational reforms to support students’ new learning and sustainable development. 相似文献
18.
常学勤 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2010,3(2):1-4
本文论述了教师专业发展的三种方式：教师个体的自我学习、反思和研究,教师同伴的互助提高,专业人士的指点引领。三种发展方式的责任主体不同,显示的意义也不尽相同。教师个体的学习、反思、研究是教师专业发展的基础,显示了教师个体专业发展的自觉。教师同伴互助需要学校建设起良性的团队文化和教研文化,显示着教师职业的专业组织特点。专业人士的指点引领则更多依靠教师任职学校和教师培养培训机构、教育行政主管部门有计划、有组织的介入,它显示着社会为教师专业发展承担起了应有的责任。 相似文献
19.
面对来势汹涌的大数据时代,如何有效度量、发现、评估与操纵信息化学习管理系统中积累的海量数据,已成为未来高职院校教育改革过程中不可回避的棘手问题。学习分析是大数据时代高职院校教育改革的助推器,是解决这一现实问题的有效途径之一。从高职院校教育改革在大数据时代所遭遇的挑战出发,阐述学习分析技术对高职院校教育改革的推动作用,并从高职院校教育管理、教师教学与学生学习三个方面分析学习分析技术对高职院校教育改革的影响。 相似文献
20.
Amanda Keddie 《教育政策杂志》2019,34(1):6-21
There is little conclusive evidence linking academies reform in England with school improvement. While this reform has been effective in improving educational outcomes in some contexts, it has been resoundingly unsuccessful in others. Nevertheless, political faith in autonomous schooling as key to a world-class education remains strong. This paper considers how matters of context impact on approaches to and enactments of this policy. Drawing on case study data from two groups of primary schools from (1) a local authority and (2) an academy chain, the paper examines the particular situated, professional, material and external factors that impact on these schools’ capacities to cope with and respond to academies reform. In light of the continued tendency within policy for schools to be dematerialised, the paper argues the ongoing significance of greater attention to matters of context in understanding how schools are navigating the complex terrain of this reform. 相似文献