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1.
Chenoa S. Woods Mariana Preciado 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2016,21(2):90-103
Many college and SAT preparation programs are designed to improve the postsecondary success of traditionally marginalized students. In addition to academic preparation, students' social and emotional preparation is important for the transition from high school to college. Mentors can serve as role models and supports to aid students in this development. Using student survey data and hierarchical linear modeling, this study examines the influences of student–mentor relationships within an SAT program setting on students' college attitudes. Results indicate that these relationships can positively influence students' college attitudes, particularly for students who have lower baseline SAT scores. Recommendations for future research and practice are provided. 相似文献
2.
Benjamin Alcott 《Research in higher education》2017,58(7):773-804
Theory suggests that teacher encouragement can aid students’ educational progress, but there are not yet quantitative inferential studies that assess its longer-term impact. With data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE), I use propensity-score matching to investigate whether encouragement influences the likelihood of students enrolling in (1) advanced high school (A-level) courses and (2) a university degree course. Model estimates suggest that encouragement does have a significant positive impact on both outcomes. In addition, I investigate whether encouragement effects vary according to parental education and the given student’s prior academic achievement; it appears that the impact is greatest for those students in the middle third of academic achievement as well as those with lower levels of parental education. These findings have important policy implications, especially as it seems that teacher encouragement has the greatest influence on those students most likely to be on the margin for university attendance. 相似文献
3.
To reflect academic challenges and enrollment patterns of today’s freshmen, this study measures the impact of high school
preparation, first-year academic performance, multi-institution enrollment, and financial aid support on second-year persistence.
Using multi-year cohorts at a public research university, results confirm the importance of including first-year math experience,
math intensity of the declared major, simultaneous enrollment at another college/university, and second-year financial aid
offers when measuring freshmen retention. The positive impact of a large-scale, state-funded scholarship program in widening
access to college must be balanced against findings that show academic performance and readiness to take on and pass first-year
math to be more important than aid in explaining freshmen dropout and transfer-out during both first and second semesters.
Middle-income students with greater levels of unmet need face an elevated departure risk, while academically well-prepared
freshmen with unmet need are more likely to transfer to other institutions. 相似文献
4.
Lynn Walker 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(4):342-356
This paper investigates the academic performance of adults who entered the University of Glasgow via the Scottish Wider Access Programme (SWAP) between 1988–1993. Approximately half of the total number who entered with such qualifications also attended the Pre-University Summer School. This is a course, run by the university, which provides preparation and access for non-traditional students most of whom have backgrounds of socio-economic disadvantage. Initially the groups of students were separated into those who attended summer school and those who did not to determine what effects, if any, attendance at the summer school had had on academic performance. There were found to be few differences between the two groups (summer school and non-summer school). The students who attended the summer school dropped-out at largely the same rate as those who did not. A closer review of the number of passes in degree examinations gained in first year by students who eventually dropped-out was then undertaken. At this point the review of the passes gained indicated that considerably fewer of those who had had the benefit of the summer school preparation left having gained no passes in degree examinations. From the initial review it appeared to be possible to predict the probable future performance of those involved in the analysis that had yet to complete their degrees at that stage. Therefore, in 1999 the academic performance of those students who had not completed previously were examined together with the early prediction model. The results indicated that a pattern of prediction could be formulated on the basis of first year performance which, if tested on a larger scale, might provide the basis for a programme of intervention with academic support for those students whose progress after first year degree examinations is in doubt. 相似文献
5.
Bruce Fuller 《Research in higher education》1976,5(1):27-38
Federal and state student financial aid programs have increased substantially in past years. Such programs have clearly provided greater access to postsecondary education for low income and minority students.However, data recently collected in Los Angeles indicate that additional financial aid may have a diminishing impact on increasing access. The Los Angeles study, commissioned by the California Legislature, revealed that low levels of academic achievement, inadequate information, and inflexible admission policies are greater barriers to college for the poor than financial need.Educational opportunity programs, which provide counseling, tutoring, and information services, should become increasingly important in addressing nonfinancial barriers. Yet such programs are often politically unattractive to legislators and administrators who view student grant programs as simpler and less costly. 相似文献
6.
Anne-Marie Nuñez 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2013,18(3):226-237
Migrant students are among the most disadvantaged of any groups in the United States, yet little is understood about factors that facilitate their college access. College access outreach programs rarely collect data on whether and where their students go to college. This longitudinal study tracked the college-going behaviors of migrant students who participated in the Migrant Student Leadership Institute (MSLI), a program whose goals include increasing migrant students' 4-year college access. The program emphasizes developing students' capacity for critical thinking about sociopolitical conditions, as well as their academic preparation for, and knowledge about, college. Results from analyses using an equivalent comparison group suggest that the program positively affected participants' application rates to, and enrollment rates in, more selective California public higher education institutions, including campuses of the University of California (UC) system. This article addresses factors that potentially accounted for these outcomes. 相似文献
7.
Price response in enrollment decisions: An analysis of the High School and Beyond Sophomore cohort 总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1
Edward P. St. John 《Research in higher education》1990,31(2):161-176
Most research on student price response was conducted on students who entered college before the Pell Grant program was implemented in fall 1973. This study uses the High School and Beyond Sophomore cohort, the High School Class of 1982, to analyze the effects of the amount of tuition charged and aid offered on student enrollment decisions. The findings include (1) all forms of financial aid—grants, work, and loans—were effective in promoting enrollment; (2) one hundred dollars of aid (any type) had a stronger influence on enrollment than a one-hundred-dollar reduction in tuition; (3) low-income students were more responsive to increases in grant aid than to increases in loans or work study; and (4) high-income students were not responsive to changes in aid amounts. 相似文献
8.
Vivian B. Lord Beth Bjerregaard Jennifer L. Hartman 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2013,24(2):153-174
Over the past several decades, there has been a wealth of research identifying factors and conditions of persistence toward graduation for first-year students and more recently transfer students. While previous research recognizes these critical periods, some recent literature suggests that students may face a similar transitional period later in their academic careers as they advance into their major areas of study. To date, there has been a dearth of information exploring upper-level students' success and commitment to graduation. Exploring this later transition might provide a critical link to understanding the graduation gap between those students who persist to graduation and those who drop out. The purpose of this research was to review the intervention programs proscribed by the literature, design an intervention program, and examine the impact of the program on criminal justice students during this advanced transitional phase of their college careers. It examined the direct and indirect effects of the intervention program on both retention and the antecedents of successful retention while controlling for other relevant influences identified in the literature. The results indicated that the intervention had small, but significant positive direct and indirect effects on academic integration, commitment to the university, and graduating in a timely fashion. Policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
9.
By applying a regression discontinuity design to national data of students at four-year colleges, this study identifies the average substitution effects of exogenously received increases of grant aid on hours of paid labor, earnings, and borrowing while in college. Results confirm students substitute grant aid for both paid labor and borrowing. An average increase of $1100 in grant aid reduces weekly job hours by 1.5–2 h per week for women, corresponding to a decline in annual earnings of $850, and reduces borrowing by an average of $300–$400 dollars among all students. We find limited evidence of grant aid's impact on academic outcomes. 相似文献
10.
《Critical Studies in Education》2013,54(3):332-350
In 2012 Spain inaugurated a reform of its higher education financial aid system inspired by three principles: cost-sharing, increasing academic performance and school efficiency. This reform has shifted the aim of the system from equality of access to a type of meritocracy that can be defined as class-biased, as it is only applied to low-income students who require scholarships to fund their university education. After contextualizing this changing Spanish financial aid system, the life-experiences of grant-holders are discussed, based on in-depth interviews with scholarship recipients. Our analysis shows how the hardships and constraints that these low-income students endure during their university education have been toughened after the reform. The paper concludes that the reform increases and naturalizes the social inequalities that traditionally exist between youths of different social classes when planning, accessing and staying in university, as the critical sociology of education has shown recurrently. 相似文献
11.
Amla Salleh Syed Mohamad Syed Abdullah Zuria Mahmud Simin Ghavifekr Noriah Ishak 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2013,14(2):209-219
A study was carried out to test the effects of a 2-week structured intervention program on academically challenged students’ career development. A quasi-experimental study was designed using pre-tests, post-tests, and a control group approach to examine the effects of the intervention program. Data were collected from both the experimental and control groups. The test was carried out on eight schools in the state of Kedah in Malaysia. Eight school counselors were trained to facilitate the assignment to the experimental groups and to collect data. A total number of 335 students with low academic achievement participated in this study. This number included male (43.6 %) and female (56.4 %) students who were aged 15–16 and a half. Modes of measurement used consisted of a career planning inventory (measuring career planning skills), an academic learning motivation scale (measuring attitude toward academic learning), and an academic study skills test (measuring academic study competencies). Analysis was performed using t-tests and the multivariate analysis of variance to examine the differences in the mean scores. The results show that the sample’s career academic score improved significantly from the pre-test to the post-test. A simple regression analysis was also performed to see the effect of the intervention program on the three dependent variables, which revealed that the career intervention program has positive and significant effects on the three variables. However, further studies on the career program for academically challenged students are highly recommended to support the present study. 相似文献
12.
EDWARD W. CHRISTENSEN JOSEPH L. NORTON MARC SALISCH SANDRA GULL 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1977,16(3):185-193
Most counseling students and counselor educators lack adequate preparation for working with clients who have sexual problems. The authors developed a program to facilitate increased awareness of one's own sexuality as a basis for aiding others in that area. The program emphasizes small group participation in order to provide security to explore sexuality and its effects on interpersonal relationships. The program uses brief videotape vignettes of affective-sexual behaviors of individuals and pairs (heterosexual and same-sexed pairs), followed by group discussion. Interpersonal interaction exercises are used to aid participants in relating to their own sexuality. Overall response to the six presentations reported here has been favorable. 相似文献
13.
14.
Most T 《American annals of the deaf》2002,147(4):29-37
The impact of an intervention program on hearing aid functioning and maintenance was evaluated. The program targeted 29 teenagers who wore hearing aids, and 7 of their teachers. Using an A-B-A paradigm, the researcher monitored student and clinician reports on the hearing aids' functioning over a 12-week period that began before intervention and concluded 3 weeks after intervention ended. Pretest and posttest student and teacher questionnaires tapped these two groups' knowledge and attitudes concerning hearing aids. The 6-week intervention comprised theoretical and practical instruction in hearing aid maintenance. The number of functioning hearing aids increased significantly following intervention, and continued to increase even after intervention ended. The gap between student and clinician reports on the functional status of the hearing aids was widest in the study's first stage and narrowest--indeed, negligible--in the third. The questionnaire results indicated that both students and teachers acquired new knowledge. The study findings underscore the need for intervention programs in hearing aid maintenance and their benefits to adolescent students and their teachers. 相似文献
15.
University enabling programs, worldwide, generally target high school students who excel at school, or post-secondary students who have underperformed in their university entry examinations. Murdoch University provides an access program for Year/Grade 12 students who are not on a university pathway during their final year of high school. This intervention engages students at a transitional stage of cognitive development to: (a) determine their readiness to move to the next level of their cognitive thinking; (b) facilitate that process through collaborative learning; (c) support and nurture university aspirations and (d) provide a direct transition pathway from secondary to higher education. The influence of Vygotsky's zones of proximal development in the context of this program is discussed, and by comparing the performance of these students in their first year of university with other domestic-entry students, we argue that this enabling program prepares them for successful transition into higher education. 相似文献
16.
黄翌皓 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2014,(4):103-105
国家助学金是为帮助家庭经济困难的大学生顺利完成学业而实施的的资助政策。实施几年来,有无数贫困大学生得到帮助,顺利毕业并踏上工作岗位。但是,随着资助力度的加大和困难评定的标准笼统,在操作过程中也出现了一些问题,产生了许多负面影响。通过分析助学金评定过程中存在的一系列问题,探寻较为合理的解决对策,让这项惠及民生的政策能更有效、公正地落实。 相似文献
17.
Minority students continue to be underrepresented among those who seek graduate and professional degrees in the sciences.
Much previous research has focused on academic preparation. Equally important, however, are the psychological–social barriers
and lack of institutional support encountered by many minority students. We present a case study of a university-sponsored
intervention program for minority science majors that addresses not only academics, but also socialization into the academic
community, networking, and the ability to practice newfound skills and dispositions through undergraduate research. In examining
this case, we suggest that concerted, formal efforts toward expanding habitus and thereby augmenting cultural and social capital may have positive effects for underrepresented minority (URM) college
students’ academic and career prospects. Moreover, we argue that these differences complement the gains program participants make in academic preparedness, showing that attention to academics alone may be insufficient
for addressing longstanding inequities in science career attainment among URM students. 相似文献
18.
19.
Joydeep Dutta Chaudhuri 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(5):910-927
It is universally recognized that cadaveric dissection is an essential part of anatomy training. However, it has been reported to induce mental distress in some students and impair their intrinsic motivation (IM) to study. One of the postulated reasons for this behavior is the lack of adequate information and preparation of students for cadaveric dissection. Therefore, it is hypothesized that providing relevant information prior to cadaveric dissection will ameliorate the mental distress, enhance the IM of students, and improve their academic performance. A cohort of occupational therapy students enrolled in an anatomy course were psychologically prepared for cadaveric dissection. Students were provided with a curated list of YouTube videos and peer-reviewed journal articles related to cadaveric dissection prior to the commencement of the anatomy course. All students were also required to attend an oral presentation immediately before commencing dissection. The control group included students who had not been provided with any resources in preparation for cadaveric dissection. Compared to the control group, students who had been prepared demonstrated better quality of cadaveric dissection, improved academic performance, reported less mental distress and greater IM. Moreover, students reported the oral presentation to be most relevant and journal articles to be least useful in their preparation. Therefore, this is an effective approach in the amelioration of mental distress and improvement of performance in anatomy students. Consequently, this study represents a paradigm shift in the pedagogy of anatomy, and could represent a vital element in the evolution of a revitalized anatomy curriculum. 相似文献
20.
Using survey data on the third cohort of scholarship recipients in the Washington State Achievers (WSA) program, this study
first examined how the assignment of college mentor and student engagement in mentoring vary based on student and institutional
characteristics and then examined the relationship between mentor assignment and different mentoring aspects of the WSA program
and student persistence in college. The results from this project indicated that Asian American students were more likely
to have an assigned college mentor and that Hispanic students were more likely than White students to turn to their college
mentors for support and encouragement and had a higher level of perceived importance of their overall experiences with mentors.
Among all WSA recipients, having an assigned college mentor was positively related to the probability of persisting in college;
among those who had an assigned college mentor, the probability of persisting was positively associated with the extent to
which the recipients turn to mentors for support and encouragement and with their perceived importance of experiences with
mentors. 相似文献