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1.
Rui Chen Shao-hong Lu Qun-bo Tong Di Lou Dong-yan Shi Bing-bing Jia Guo-ping Huang Jin-fu Wang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(7):512-521
The dense granule protein 4 (GRA4) is a granular protein from Toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-GRA4 (pGRA4), encoding for
the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine
(PC), 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP).
C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether
DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated
high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 in GRA4-stimulated
splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated
pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival
rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 103 tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly
longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against
infection of T. gondii.
Project supported by the Science Foundation of the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China (Nos. 2003QN003 and 2005A001)
and the Science Foundation of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2006C13022) 相似文献
2.
Burrows dug by house mice in laboratory burrow boxes were examined in two inbred strains (C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ) across five age groups and compared with burrows of wild trapped mice. Burrows of feral domestic mice were examined in an outdoor enclosure as well as in the laboratory. Results demonstrated that burrows differ between strains; highly active C57 mice tended to burrow more than did Balbs at all age ranges. Moreover, burrows became more complex with age in both strains. Differences among domestic, feral, and wild mice were minimal. Results are discussed in terms of possible genetic differences in activity and as evidence against the notions of degeneracy accompanying domestication. 相似文献
3.
4.
The performance of four groups of mice of two genotypes (DBA/2J and C57BL/6J) was observed in two avoidance situations. Two groups, one of each strain, were given a maximum of 30 conditioning trials in an active avoidance situation followed by a maximum of 30 trials in a passive avoidance situation. The other two groups, one of each strain, were given passive avoidance conditioning first, followed by active avoidance conditioning. Positive transfer of training was observed in both genotypes for mice that received active avoidance conditioning prior to passive avoidance conditioning. Little or no transfer was observed from passive to active avoidance in either strain. 相似文献
5.
Co-expression of sCD40LIg and CTLA4Ig mediated by adenovirus prolonged mouse skin allograft survival 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTION Costimulatory signals play a vital role in T cell activation. B7/CD28 and CD40/CD40L have been well-established as important costimulatory pathways, with the blockade of either resulting in suppression or anergy of T cells associated with prolongation of graft survival (Akalin et al., 1996; Bolling et al., 1996; Kita et al., 1999; Reddy et al., 2001; Laumonier et al., 2003; Thiel et al., 2005). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA4), a ligand for B7, de-… 相似文献
6.
Wayne Poley 《Learning & behavior》1974,2(4):241-244
Twenty-four female mice from two inbred strains, BALB and C57BL, were tested for emotional behavior. Half of the animals had successfully raised their first litter to weaning, while the other half had eaten their first litter. Cannibalistic females of both strains were found to be more prone to auditory stress than controls. However, the relationship between emotional defecation and cannibalism was found to interact with strain, suggesting an optimum level of arousal. 相似文献
7.
Sucrose aversions were induced by lithium chloride toxicosis in 9-week-old male and female mice of the C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains. Under conditions of ad-lib access to fluids which required a long interval between the sucrose and toxicosis, the conditioned aversions were relatively weak when compared with the sucrose consumption of saline-injected controls. The aversions extinguished rapidly within all groups. Contrary to earlier reports in rats, no sexual dimorphism in extinction rate was observed in this paradigm. When a fluid-deprivation schedule was implemented in the conditioning procedure to shorten the interval between taste experience and toxicosis, strong aversions were noted; yet relatively fast extinction under ad-lib conditions occurred in all groups except male DBA/2J mice. No sexual dimorphism was observed in mice of the C57BL/6J genotype, even when two pairings between sucrose and toxicosis were administered. 相似文献
8.
养阴清热方抑制小鼠Lewis瘤肺转移的实验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[目的]观察养阴清热中药对C57BL/6小鼠移植Lewis瘤肺转移的作用,并探讨机理.[方法]干扰素和养阴清热中药分别作用于动物模型,21 d后处死动物,统计肺转移计数,免疫组化法检测瘤体血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和微血管内皮标记物Factor-VⅢ.[结果]肺转移灶计数,中药组与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),与干扰素组无显著差异(P>0.05),中药组在VEGF表达上与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),与干扰素组无显著差异(P>0.05);中药组在肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)记数与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),与干扰素组无显著差异(P>0.05).[结论]养阴清热法对L.L.C的转移有明显的抑制作用,其主要机理是在降低VEGF表达的基础上,抑制肿瘤血管生成. 相似文献
9.
Dao-fa TIAN Ying-chun HE Fang-guo LU Fa-qing TANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(3)
Objective: To investigate the enhancive effect ofN, N'-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) on induced carcinogenesis in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia among TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice to examine the underlying mechanism for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: TgN(p53mt-LMPI)/HT transgenic mice and the same strain of C57BL/6J wild-type mice both at the age of 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups in parallel, respectively, I.e., TgN(p53mt-LMPI)/I-IT cancerous lesion-inducing group (TI), TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT control group (TC), C57BL/6J cancerous lesion-inducing group (CI), and C57BL/6J control group (CC). TI and CI mice were treated only with DNP for 16 weeks, twice each week, while TC and CC mice were given the same volume of saline as controls.At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed to collect epithelial tissue samples from nasal cavity and nasopharynx for pathohistological evaluation by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and for determination on the expression ofTRAF2, c-Jun, and pl 6 by immunohistochemistry. Results: Atypical hyperplasia was more significant in the samples of TI than in those of TC, CI, and CC, with the rates of lesions being 90%, 10%, 0, and 0 (P<0.01) respectively, though DNP was used alone in a much shortened inducing period at less dosage and without the use of carcinogenic promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as usual. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recep-tor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and c-Jun in these samples were significantly up-regulated in TI (P<0.01), while the expression of p16 was significantly lower in TI than in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice hold inherited con-stitutional defect in immune surveillance function, which can be aggravated by environmental carcinogens, such as DNP used even though in a much less strength. The enhanced carcinogenesis-inducing effect of DNP on TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice should be closely associated with abnormal signaling of activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway, especially up-regulated expressions of TRAF2 and c-Jun, and down-regulated expression of p 16. 相似文献
10.
Objective: To investigate the effect of interleukin-18 (IL-18) on immune response induced by plasmid encoding hepatitis B virus middle protein antigen and to explore new strategies for prophylactic and therapeutic HBV DNA vaccines. Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized with pCMV-M alone or co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M and then their sera were collected for analysing anti-HBsAg antibody by ELISA; splenocytes were isolated for detecting specific CTL response and cytokine assay in vitro. Results: The anti-HBs antibody level of mice co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was slightly higher than that of mice immunized with pCMV-M alone, but there was not significantly different (P>0.05). Compared with mice injected with pCMV-M, the specific CTL cytotoxity activity of mice immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was significantly enhanced (P<0.05) and the level of IFN-γ in supernatant of splenocytes cultured with HBsAg in vitro was significantly elevated (P<0.05) while the level of IL-4 had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: The plasmid encoding IL-18 together with HBV M gene DNA vaccines may enhance specific TH1 cells and CTL cellular immune response induced in mice, so that IL-18 is a promising immune adjuvant. 相似文献
11.
Enhancing cellular immune response to HBV M DNA vaccine in mice by codelivery of interleukin-18 recombinant 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTIONChronicinfectionwithHBVaffectsmorethan250millionpeopleworldwide.Therearemorethan120millionchronicHBVcarriersinChina;appro-ximately10percentofthemremaininstateofchronichepatitisandhaveahighriskofdevelop-mentofcirrhosisandhepatocellularcarcinoma.ButthereisnoeffectivemethodtocontrolchronicHBVinfectionatpresent.Recentdataindicatedthatim-munotherapeuticstrategiesstimulatingbothcellularandhumoralimmuneresponsestoHBVantigensareessentialforcuringchronicHBVinfection(ChisariandFe… 相似文献
12.
将纯化IBDV组织毒免疫的BALB/C鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,用ELISA、病毒中和试验检测分泌抗体,获得了六株稳定分泌抗IBDV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,命名为NIB—1,NIB—2,NIB—3,NIB—4,NIB—5,NIB—6;六株单抗均具ELISA特性和免疫沉淀特性,亚类鉴定表明,前四株属于IgG_(2a),后二株属于IgG_1。杂交瘤细胞冻存六个月后复苏,均能稳定分泌特异性单克隆抗体。 相似文献
13.
Urochondra setulosa （Trin.） C.E. Hubbard is a coastal halophytic grass thriving on the coastal dunes along the Pakistani seashore. This grass could be useful in coastal sand dune stabilization using seawater irrigation. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that Ca^2＋ （0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 50.0 mmol/L） alleviates the adverse effects of KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mmol/L on the germination of Urochondra setulosa. Seed germination was inhibited with increase in salt concentration with few seeds germinated at and above 400 mmol/L concentration. No seed germinated in any of the KC1 treatments. Inclusion of CaC12 substantially alleviated the inhibitory effects of all salts. Germination was higher under photoperiod in comparison to those seeds germinated under complete darkness. Among the CaC12 concentrations used, 10 mmol/L was most effective in alleviating salinity effects and allowing few seeds to germinate at 1000 mmol/L KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 solution. 相似文献
14.
Sandra Mollenauer Rebecca Bryson Molly Robison Christine Phillips 《Learning & behavior》1992,20(1):25-32
Noise was evaluated as an aversive stimulus in the C57BL/6J mouse, using a simple escape/avoidance procedure in which mice could terminate noise by entering and remaining in a designatedsafe area (corner or side) of a square apparatus. Exposed to pulsed noise of 87.5–90 dB, mice spent 45%–50% of total corner time in the safe corner or approximately 80% of total time in the safe side. Acquisition was significantly faster with moderate intensities of pulsed noise (87.5–90 dB) than it was with high-intensity pulsed noise (100 dB). In comparisons of continuous as opposed to pulsed noise, acquisition was significantly faster with continuous (87.5-dB) noise than it was with pulsed noise, and continuous noise was shown in a choice procedure to be more aversive. Continuous noise caused significant, though not severe, suppression of activity, but pulsed noise caused virtually none. Thus, pulsed noise is a mildly aversive stimuhis for C57BL/6J mice and may have promise for the study of stress-induced behaviors in freely moving animals, but continuous noise is clearly more effective for rapid short-term conditioning. 相似文献
15.
Acquisition, extinction, and transfer of facilitation were explored in a series of experiments with C57BL/6J mice. With a
procedure in which an auditory target was followed by food only in the presence of a visual facilitator, Experiments 1—4 showed
that the facilitator promoted magazine entries to the auditory target. This enhancement effect was eliminated by training
the facilitator as a conditioned inhibitor (Experiments 1 and 3B). Enhancement was also reduced by nonreinforced presentations
of the facilitator in a discrimination procedure (Experiment 1) and by simple nonreinforcement of the facilitator (Experiments
2, 3A, and 4). In contrast to the results obtained with a facilitator, simple nonreinforcement of an inhibitor, a visual cue
that had signaled when an auditory target would not be reinforced, did not reduce its ability to modulate responding to that
target (Experiment 4). However, both the facilitator and the inhibitor were found to transfer their modulatory effects to
other targets (Experiment 4). Finally, mice demonstrated no evidence of differential responding on a biconditional discrimination
procedure in which one auditory target (A1) was reinforced in the presence of one visual stimulus (L1) but not in the presence
of another (L2), and a different auditory target (A2) was reinforced in L2 but not in L1 (Experiment 5). The implications
of these results for analysis of the function of a facilitator are discussed. 相似文献
16.
曾韬 《荆门职业技术学院学报》2010,25(2):16-19
目的：研究川芎嗪对脓毒症小鼠肺内炎症损伤的影响。方法：小鼠经腹腔注射川芎嗪后,行盲肠结扎穿孔术以诱导小鼠脓毒症。18h后处死小鼠,收集肺泡灌洗液检测蛋白浓度并计数细胞总数;肺组织匀浆检测丙二醛含量及髓过氧化物酶活性;取肺组织块称重计算湿／干重比并行HE染色、观察组织病理学改变;离心收集血浆,ELISA法检测血浆中IL-6浓度。结果：川芎嗪明显减轻脓毒症小鼠肺组织病理学损伤,降低肺组织湿／干重比、丙二醛含量及髓过氧化物酶活性,降低肺泡灌洗液中蛋白浓度及细胞总数,下调脓毒症小鼠血浆中IL-6水平。结论：川芎嗪可有效抑制脓毒症小鼠肺内和全身炎症反应,减轻肺组织损伤。 相似文献
17.
Magnetic compass orientation in C57BL/6J mice 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We report evidence for a robust magnetic compass response in C57BL/6J mice. Mice were trained to build their nests in one
of four magnetic directions by creating a light gradient along the long axis of a rectangular cage and positioning a nest
box at the opposite (dark) end. The mice were then tested overnight in a circular, visually symmetrical arena in one of four
magnetic field alignments. The positions of the nests built in the test arena showed strong unimodal orientation in the magnetic
direction coinciding with the dark end of the training cage. 相似文献
18.
目的探讨Rock抑制剂Fasudil对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）发病起始环节的外周免疫调节机制。方法将雌性C57BL/6小鼠分为CFA组、EAE组和Fasudil组。Fasudil组动物免疫后第7 d腹腔给予Fasudi（l50mg/kg.d）,连续给药14 d。免疫后隔天观察各组小鼠临床评分和体质量变化。在免疫后28 d处死动物,取脊髓进行HE染色和髓鞘染色,制备脾脏单个核淋巴细胞（MNC）,测定细胞增殖和细胞因子IL-4,IL-10,IL-1β,IFN-γ的含量,流式细胞术观察CD4,CD25调节性T细胞的比例,部分脾脏组织和MNC涂片行免疫组化荧光染色观察Rock的表达。结果Fasudil在EAE外周免疫组织和细胞通过下调Rock的表达,抑制Rock的激活,明显改善EAE的临床症状评分（P〈0.05）;减轻EAE外周炎性细胞向中枢的浸润,缓解神经髓鞘的脱失;经Fasudil干预可以下调EAE外周特异性MOG35-55反应性T淋巴细胞增殖能力,下调炎性细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-1β水平,升高保护性细胞因子IL-10水平,促进CD4,CD25调节性T细胞比例增加。结论 Rho/Rock信号通路的激活在EAE的发病中起着重要作用,应用Rock抑制剂--Fasudil抑制EAE免疫病理过程中外周免疫细胞激活这一起始重要环节,减少炎性细胞的中枢浸润,缓解EAE的临床症状。 相似文献
19.
Yong Wang Xing Yu Qun-zi Zhao Shu Zheng Wen-jie Qing Chun-di Miao Jaiswal Sanjay 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(7):515-525
We have investigated comprehensively the effects of thyroid function on gallstone formation in a mouse model. Gonadectomized gallstone-susceptible male C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into three groups each of which received an intervention to induce hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or euthyroidism. After 5 weeks of feeding a lithogenic diet of 15% (w/w) butter fat, 1% (w/w) cholesterol, and 0.5% (w/w) cholic acid, mice were killed for further experiments. The incidence of cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation was 100% in mice with hyperthyroidism, 83% in hypothyroidism, and 33% in euthyroidism, the differences being statistically significant. Among the hepatic lithogenic genes, Trβ was found to be up-regulated and Rxr down-regulated in the mice with hypothyroidism. In contrast, Lxrα, Rxr, and Cyp7α1 were up-regulated and Fxr down-regulated in the mice with hyperthyroidism. In conclusion, thyroid dysfunction, either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, promotes the formation of cholesterol gallstones in C57BL/6 mice. Gene expression differences suggest that thyroid hormone disturbance leads to gallstone formation in different ways. Hyperthyroidism induces cholesterol gallstone formation by regulating expression of the hepatic nuclear receptor genes such as Lxrα and Rxr, which are significant in cholesterol metabolism pathways. However, hypothyroidism induces cholesterol gallstone formation by promoting cholesterol biosynthesis. 相似文献
20.
以CdTe量子点为荧光探针,基于荧光猝灭法对Ag（Ⅰ）和Ca（Ⅱ）进行了定量检测.考察了缓冲液的浓度、缓冲液pH值、反应时间等多种因素的影响.结果表明：（1）在浓度为10～20 mmol/L、pH值为7～8的磷酸二氢钠-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液中,Ag＋与量子点反应时间为20 min时,量子点荧光衰减程度（ΔF）与Ag＋浓度呈... 相似文献