共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Yuan-Ho Huang 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2014,40(5):436-446
Knowledge management is vital in many work environments; however, it is difficult to measure the outcome of knowledge management and to distinguish the typology of knowledge activities. This study proposes a knowledge activity scale for assessing individual tacit knowledge and organizational knowledge. This study not only explores knowledge activities of knowledge workers from both individual and organizational dimensions but also investigates the empirical data from academic librarians with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of both individual and organizational levels. More than 550 sample data were collected and analyzed in several stages. To conduct a multilevel analysis, the final sample consisted of 286 persons from 40 universities and colleges, and the organizational sizes ranged from 3 to 22 persons. The results show 6 constructs for individual dimensions (knowledge acquisition, knowledge absorption, knowledge sharing, knowledge obstacles, knowledge transfers, and knowledge diffusion) and 3 constructs for organizational dimensions (knowledge growth, knowledge integration, and knowledge breadth). The scale from both individual and organizational dimensions shows robust psychometric properties with acceptable levels of reliability and validity. The proposed scale can reveal the value of librarians' intangible work and also indicate the level of creative organizational climate within academic libraries. 相似文献
2.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):463-486
This paper reports a series of studies that develop an empirically-derived instrument for assessing online communication attitude, a multidimensional set of individual cognitive-affective constructs that influence media choice. The first study inductively develops an initial item pool and tests dimensional structure via exploratory factor analysis. The second study further refines this structure and also tests the association between online communication attitude and media use in same-sex friendships. Finally, the third study deductively tests global model fit via confirmatory factor analysis, and establishes concurrent validity with theoretically related communication constructs. Beyond identifying motives underlying media choice, the instrument developed here possesses heuristic potential for clarifying media choice theory and elaborating the association between communication competence and media choice. 相似文献
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James Stein 《Communication methods and measures》2019,13(1):19-25
Both classical and contemporary interpersonal theories have identified the social networks surrounding a couple as integral players in relational development and maintenance. The current project extends this line of research by designing (Study 1) and implementing (Study 2) a measurement of social network interdependence. Scales of network interference and facilitation are developed and probed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results support distinct measures of network interference and facilitation. Invariance between differencing samples is tested for using multi-factor CFA. Results showed that measures of network interference and facilitation significantly vary between married and dating couples. Finally, convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity is tested for subscales using variables in relational turbulence theory. Results demonstrate that network interference and facilitation uniquely impact outcome variables above and beyond experiences of partner interference and facilitation. Results are discussed in terms of theory development. 相似文献
5.
Sun Kyong Lee 《亚洲交流杂志》2018,28(3):315-334
The current study explored a whole-network approach to measure the impact of institutional completeness at an individual-level with regards to [Kim, Y. (2001). Becoming intercultural: An integrative theory of communication and cross-cultural adaptation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.] a theoretical model of cross-cultural adaptation. A new construct of ‘ethnic entrainment’ was proposed as a way to bridge the different levels of theoretical constructs in the model. The analytical challenge of verifying the influence of institutional completeness (a group-level construct in the model) on individuals’ communication patterns was partially overcome in this study by measuring the degree of one's structural embeddedness in various ethnic community networks (i.e. information, emotional support, and tangible help exchange networks). A community member survey (N?=?172) was utilized to construct social networks of a Korean immigrant community. The research tested hypotheses generated from Kim's theorems on the relationships between ethnic group strength and host/ethnic interpersonal/mass communication. Three out of five hypotheses were supported through hierarchical regression analyses. 相似文献
6.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):256-279
Research in the United States has identified argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness as, respectively, constructive and counterproductive forms of communication predispositions. The present study tests the conceptual equivalence of the two constructs and the measurement equivalence of the Argumentativeness Scale (Infante & Rancer, 1982) and the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986) across cultures. College students from the United States (N = 755) and Japan (N = 716) responded to a questionnaire. The results indicated that: (a) the two—factor solution of the Argumentativeness Scale and the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale was a reasonable overall fit to both samples, with some culture‐specific unreliable items; (b) orthogonality of the two constructs held for both samples; (c) the factor structures (factor loading patterns and factor variance‐covariance structures) of the two scales were partially variant across the samples; and (d) the two scales had satisfactory construct validity for the Japanese sample. Implications for research on aggressive communication in connection with Hall's (1981) theory of cultural variation, cross‐cultural conflict management, and measurement in cross‐cultural communication research are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Rebecca Purtell Megan E. Cullinan Heather E. Canary 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(4):381-400
Competent communication practices among healthcare providers are a key factor in maintaining patient safety during transfers of patient care. Research shows that the majority of errors in patient care are related to communication problems, and a majority occur during patient hand-offs. This project is a qualitative study exploring the facilitators and barriers of structured hand-off at a pediatric hospital. Our data analysis indicates that while the hand-off process is facilitated by structure, clarity, and adequate time, it is hindered by lack of time, distractions, human factors, and a number of social and organizational factors that complicate physicians’ roles. Using structurating activity theory (SAT) to frame findings, analysis points to a structural tension between worker autonomy and organizational control as the primary cause of poor adherence to structured hand-off among pediatric residents. We draw on constructs of SAT to identify practical strategies for managing this contradiction at a system level. 相似文献
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This study explored whether organizational leaders recognize humor as part of their management style and how compatible the leaders ‘ humor strategy is with their overall communication style. Results reveal that leaders use more pro‐social humor than anti‐social humor in the workplace. Several relationships between the emotional aspects of humor production and the communicator style constructs indicate that leaders use humor as a socially acceptable communication technique to control groups and enhance their own communicator image. 相似文献
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Elizabeth A. Babin Kellie E. Palazzolo Kendra Dyanne Rivera 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(2):147-166
Intimate partner violence affects millions of lives annually. Domestic violence advocates work to alleviate this problem; yet the nature of the work leaves them vulnerable to negative outcomes such as burnout. This study examined the relationships between communication anxiety, communication competence, perceived social support, and feelings of burnout among domestic violence advocates. Results from a survey of 69 individuals recruited from a US domestic violence agency show the combination of communication anxiety, communication competence, perceived emotional support, and perceived informational support accounted for approximately 13% of the variance in advocates' emotional exhaustion and 21% of the variance in advocates' experiences of reduced personal accomplishment. Responses also differ with the advocate's position in the agency. The following recommendations are offered: develop scenario-based communication skills training programs to reduce communication anxiety and increase communication competence, hold regular debriefing meetings to help advocates process their experiences and to receive peer support, and develop formalized mentoring programs that can provide social support for new workers. 相似文献
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Communication network is a personal or professional set of relationships between individuals or organizations. In other words, it is a pattern of contacts which are created due to the flow of information among the participating actors. The flow of information establishes various types of relationships among the participating entities. These relationships eventually form an overall pattern that could form a gestalt of the total structure within organizational context. In this paper, we analyze the changing communications structure in order to investigate the patterns associated with the final stages of organizational crisis. Organizational crisis has been defined as organizational mortality, organizational death, organizational exit, bankruptcy, decline, retrenchment and failure to characterize various forms of organizational crisis. We draw on theoretical perspectives on organizational crisis proposed by social network analysts and other sociologists to test 5 key propositions on the changes in the network communication structure associated with organizational crisis: (1) a few actors, who are prominent or more active, will become central during the organizational crisis period; (2) reciprocity within the organizational communication network will increase during crisis period; (3) organizational communication network becomes less transitive as organizations experience crisis; (4) number of cliques increases in a communication network as organizations are going through crisis; and (5) communication network becomes increasingly centralized as organizations go through crisis. 相似文献
12.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(83-84):131-144
SUMMARY In these times of extraordinary development in information and communication technologies (ICT) many new tools and services, and traditional tools, such as the catalog, could be developed or enhanced by librarians to effectively support the academic community in teaching and learning. This paper will discuss how social interaction between technical and public service librarians could enhance library services to the academic faculty and students during these demanding times of technologies and information overload. The paper will also point out that the team approach to library services can improve social interaction between librarians when the perpetuation of the traditional academic organizational model is not efficient enough for the faculty and students' need-driven use of information. Rapid changes resulting from ICT demand constant social interaction that would be facilitated by establishing working teams for specific tasks. 相似文献
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Angela N. Gist 《Qualitative Research Reports in Communication》2016,17(1):15-26
Organizational communication scholars have grappled with assimilation processes and expanded the theoretical conceptualization of each phase. This article joins in conversation with organizational communication scholars by identifying and problematizing the assumption that reaching metamorphosis is always a positive experience. Through the ethnographic analysis of empirical data collected from an unemployment support organization, the author argues that being an established organizational member is sometimes counter to organizational objectives. While traditional organizations attempt to maintain and grow their membership, some alternative organizational formats aim to minimize membership. This premise challenges the assumption that achieving metamorphosis is always a desirable state of organizational membership. Furthermore, this study reveals how communication changes when it is undesirable for service recipients to reach metamorphosis. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):231-237
This study investigated the variability of scales representing four factors of source credibility and the overall factor structure of subjects’ perceptions of and attributions to a message source. The results confirmed the hypotheses that (1) scales representing factors of source credibility will change over time, and (2) the factor structure (the number of significant factors and the amount of variance accounted for by the factors) would also change over time. The authors suggest that if the view is accepted that communication is an ongoing dynamic process, then an individual's experiences in the communication setting and the variables affecting perceptions of the process will be expected to change continually. 相似文献
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Andy J. King Jakob D. Jensen Nick Carcioppolo Melinda M. Krakow Ye Sun 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(6):753-775
Determining what factors predict media learning is an important avenue of research for the field of mass communication. The present study provides a comparative investigation of two models of media learning: the cognitive mediation model and the information utility model. Participants (N = 1,076) read a news article related to scientific discoveries relevant to cancer prevention and responded to all constructs of the two models. Recognition and comprehension were used to measure knowledge acquisition. Results generally support previous predictions of each model, though predicted variance remains small. In addition to testing the existing models, a modified cognitive mediation model using a key construct related to information utility—perceived relevance—was tested. The refined cognitive mediation model offered a more nuanced understanding of certain causal mechanisms but did not result in a meaningful change in predictive power of the model. Implications of the theoretical comparison and integration are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Although the issue of method bias is a well-known threat to the validity of self-reports, it has seldom been addressed in empirical media effects studies. This may be problematic because independent and dependent variables are often measured using similar methods. Thus, reported correlations may not only reflect common variance between the constructs of interest but also indicate common variance between the measurement methods. In this article, we present two cultivation studies investigating to what extent first-order cultivation relationships are influenced by common method variance. In both studies, controlling for a theoretically unrelated marker variable (Study 1: the estimated prevalence of bakers; Study 2: the estimated prevalence of bricklayers) diminished correlations between television-viewing frequency and prevalence estimates. This finding, referred to as the bricklayer effect, suggests a more thorough discussion on common method variance in cultivation research is needed. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):88-110
In organizational communication studies, empowerment has come to connote flatter structures, participation programs, and other techniques thought to enhance member competence and control through increased self-direction. We contend that this model-and, arguably, organizational communication studies more broadly-presumes a particular employment contract. We report a study of a different contract: staff-volunteer relations at a nonprofit organization. Our results indicate that, while volunteers prioritized the role of social support in accomplishing empowerment, staff members treated volunteers as pseudo-employees to be empowered through enhanced authority and participation. Ironically, the staff's model impeded volunteer empowerment. We use the case to mark the contingent character of empowerment, and specifically, (a) its contextual and intersubjective nature, (b) its relational and emotional aspects, and (c) the importance of members' temporal investment in the organization. We conclude that attention to diverse membership contracts and contexts can complicate and enrich empowerment theory. 相似文献
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分析高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为影响因素,有助于提高高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为活跃度,拓宽群体知识面,实现组织内部工作模式创新。文章首先借鉴卢因行为理论构建高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为影响因素模型,结合理性行为理论、顾客感知价值理论等提出八个假设,并采用问卷调查方法收集数据;然后对测量指标进行信度和效度检验,借助结构方程模型分析影响因素并验证假设;最后根据分析结论提出相应建议。通过分析得出行为意向、机会和激励对学术信息交流行为具有正向影响,并从学术社交平台建设、组织内部支持、加强个体学术信息交流意识等方面提出建议。 相似文献
19.
Lance Brendan Young 《Communication Teacher》2017,31(4):226-230
Courses: Qualitative research methods, health communication, organizational communication, or any course that could incorporate advocacy or social change into the content area
Objectives: On completion of this assignment, students will (1) understand why and how action research is undertaken; (2) develop skill in perceiving and representing the social world as a scholar, using both pictures and words; (3) collaborate with others to analyze qualitative data and theorize how a social problem emerges and is reproduced; and (4) give voice to those advocating change. 相似文献
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Wayne Woodward 《The Communication Review》2013,16(2):279-304
Contemporary “dyadic” perspectives on symbolic and material exchange emphasize reception or consumption in place of longstanding concentration on transmission or production. Analysis of the dyadic model reveals its limitations and suggests a triadic approach to specify how the resource environment—the integrative “field”—of exchange provides material‐symbolic support for creative action. The historical example of the Hawthorne Studies, in organizational communication, and the contemporary effort of hardware and software designers to derive user‐based approaches to computer‐mediated communication illustrate how (a) consumption‐production; (b) textual; and (c) ritual models can usefully inform (d) a participatory design approach that expands comprehension of the dynamics of triadic exchange. 相似文献