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1.
Women constitute just over one fifth of full professors in UK higher education and whilst work has emerged in recent years on professors as leaders, there has been comparatively little research about how this under-represented cadre define and practise their role as intellectual leaders. This paper seeks to analyse how women see their role as full professors through autobiographical accounts of their intellectual and career histories via interviews with women professors, and a small comparison group of male professors. A range of freedoms and responsibilities connected with the professorial role are identified along with personal qualities considered central to success. Both female and male professors understand their role principally in terms of research leadership, but women are more likely to emphasise the importance of academic citizenship, especially mentoring, compared to their male counterparts, an obligation that weighs especially heavily on women working in science, technology, engineering and mathematics areas. While these findings are indicative of the continuing effect of so-called ‘academic housework’ in holding back the academic careers of women, they are also a positive indicator of a commitment to an all-round role as an intellectual leader. 相似文献
2.
Many previous time allocation studies treat work as a single activity and examine trade-offs between work and other activities. This paper investigates the at-work allocation of time among teaching, research, grant writing and service by science and engineering faculty at top US research universities. We focus on the relationship between tenure (and promotion) and time allocation, and we find that tenure and promotion do affect the allocation of time. The specific trade-offs are related to particular career paths. For example, full professors spend increasing time on service at the expense of teaching and research while longer-term associate professors who have not been promoted to full professor spend significantly more time teaching at the expense of research time. Finally, our results suggest that women, on average, allocate more hours to university service and less time to research than do men. 相似文献
3.
Petra Angervall 《Gender and education》2018,30(1):105-118
Changes in the higher education system have resulted in increased demands on effectiveness and marketisation. These demands have changed what it means to do academic work. In this study, 19 female academic lecturers have been interviewed in order to get them to reflect upon their opportunities and conditions in career. The aim is to analyse how this specific group manoeuvres; that is their 'becoming subjectivity' in academic career. This means an interest in analysing their locations, positions as well as their material and discursive conditions. The results show how many see teaching as important in career, but also as a trap that restrains them in their chances of research advancement. Several express that a lot of teaching drain the time and energy needed for other opportunities in career. There are also a few who experience teaching as a place where people actually collaborate more than compete and find alternative career strategies. Even so, these women appear caught in their careers, which can relate to gender, and to the experience of ‘incapacity’ to find directions in a more competitive structure. 相似文献
4.
中国高校女教师队伍发展的现状分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
赵叶珠 《大学.研究与评价》2007,(2)
本文从社会性别和国际比较的视角对我国高校女教师队伍的发展现状进行了分析。论文以1994至2004年为研究范围,首先对我国高校女教职工队伍的基本构成及变化趋势进行分析,在此基础上,从性别视角对高校专任教师队伍的职称结构、学位结构和年龄结构进行量化研究,并进一步从女教授占教授总数比例的角度将我国女教师队伍置于国际视野之下进行比较,从而较为全面地对我国女教师队伍的发展状况在国际坐标中作出清晰的定位,最后,论文分析了女性在高级职称中占比例低的机构制度原因,同时指出高校女教师发展的现实策略。 相似文献
5.
Women in the academic profession: Evolution or stagnation? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Marie Eliou 《Higher Education》1988,17(5):505-524
This article focuses on women in the academic profession and reports a study of the social origins of Greek university staff and their career pattern. Data show that women have made few gains as university professors over the past twenty years. The gains recorded in Greece are the result of democratization of the university. As women enter the academy, particularly on teaching staffs, they tend to be older and from more middle-class professional backgrounds than are their male peers. The author notes that the entry of women as academics occurs at a time when universities are experiencing a decline in real and symbolic power. 相似文献
6.
This paper analyses the outcome of a reform of the academic career structure in Norway. From 1993 on, associate professors
can apply for promotion to full professorships on the basis of individual research competence irrespective of vacant professorships.
This has now become a more important way of attaining a full professorship than through competition with other applicants.
Only 30% of new professors are appointed the traditional way. The reform has led to a substantial increase in the number of
full professors in the university sector, from 37% of the tenured academic staff in 1991 to 47% in 2001. 相似文献
7.
Research on work life and job satisfaction of university professors is becoming an important research issue in the field of
higher education. This study used questionnaires administered to 1 770 teachers from different levels, types, and academic
fields of Chinese universities to investigate job satisfaction among university professors and the relationship between job
satisfaction of university professors and the organizational characteristics of the university. The job satisfaction of Chinese
university professors includes six dimensions: career development and school management, teaching and research services, salary,
benefits and logistical services, professional reputation, teaching and research facilities, and the work itself. The overall
job satisfaction levels are close to average, with salary and benefits receiving the lowest level of satisfaction. The organizational
characteristics of universities, such as school type, school level, academic field, organizational climate, evaluation orientation,
and school management, all have significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of university professors. The organizational
climate and school level affect all six dimensions of job satisfaction among university professors. 相似文献
8.
Men and women who held a full-time appointment at lecturer level and above in Australian universities in 1988 were compared in terms of the career paths they had followed, geographic mobility, domestic responsibilities, work roles, and levels of performance as an academic. Women had more often spent a period outside the workforce or in part-time employment due to childcare responsibilities. They more frequently had followed their partners to another city or country, they more often had been a tutor (a non-tenurable position) before becoming a lecturer. The survey indicated that substantially more women than men pursuing a full-time career as an academic were combining substantial household labour and childcare with employment. However, even when number of children and ages of children were considered, there were no differences between men and women in self-rated performance in such academic roles as research, teaching, and administration. The results are discussed with reference to the question of why in numerical terms there have been so few women academics in Australian universities. 相似文献
9.
More than 80% of professors associated with the American Association of Community and Junior Colleges responded to a survey by the authors in 1980. The questionnaire was based on and the findings were compared with a 1972 study by Campbell and Newell. Trends in demographic data, career patterns, and professional orientations are documented and analyzed. University professors of community college education were 7.7 years older as a group in 1980 than they were in 1972; many other changes appear related to this trend. Fewer than 3% of faculty in this field remain at the level of assistant professor, while 61% have already achieved the rank of professor. As a whole, the group is more productive and somewhat more conservative. Some gains have been made in the representation of women (from 0 to 14%) and minorities (from 3 to 6%). With the maturing of this professional group has come related developments in professional orientations. Time invested in research and writing nearly doubled, and professors would like to do still more. Although they still wish to be remembered for having trained outstanding administrators, their desire to be remembered for writing a significant book has increased significantly. As the academic field of community education matures, its professorial members have turned increasingly to scholarly values. 相似文献
10.
Ga-eun Seo Amir Hedayati Mehdiabadi Wenhao Huang 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2017,41(6):741-759
This exploratory study aims to identify the core competencies necessary to successfully advance the careers of female associate professors in higher education. To ascertain these core career competencies, a critical incident interview technique was employed. One-to-one semi-structured interviews with six female full professors at a major research university in the Midwestern region of the United States were conducted. Based on participants’ career advancement experiences, the following competencies were identified: (1) making important connections, (2) fulfilling responsibilities in academia, (3) being politically savvy, (4) managing personal and professional obligations, (5) developing a sense of self-agency for one’s career, and (6) believing in one’s self in the work environment. The action-oriented findings of this research, rather than skill-based, can be easily adapted by faculty and institutions, both domestically and internationally, to improve current practices. These findings offer a unique contribution for improving the research and practice of career development among female faculty in higher education. 相似文献
11.
Eustella Bhalalusesa 《Gender and education》1998,10(1):21-33
ABSTRACT Little research has focused on women's career and professional development in developing countries. In this study, six overseas women doctorate students from a range of developing countries were interviewed in order to ascertain their experiences and the challenges they face as a result of undertaking higher academic studies. The study demonstrated that despite their cultural diversity, the women had many characteristics in common. They had the intrinsic motivation to succeed in their career and professional development as independent persons. However, due to the traditional values and cultural expectations of their societies, they felt that starting and maintaining a family was imperative. Success in both needed a combination of hard work, diligence, and determination. The study called for gender sensitisation, especially in developing countries where the analysis of gender issues is still in its infancy. Both men and women need to be aware that women as well as men have career aspirations and that it is possible to share family and other responsibilities. 相似文献
12.
INA WAGNER 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1986,11(3):321-329
In the context of an action-research project on young women in non-traditional occupations, a variety of barriers as well as chances to build up a career as skilled workers have been identified. Although the women are motivated and competent craft workers, their abilities and aptitudes are measured against what women in industry ‘normally’ do. As a consequence, they find themselves in an unstable in-between position between unskilled women workers and their skilled male colleagues. This unequal situation (which becomes visible in specific work assignments and on the pay slip) restricts opportunity for promotion and makes many women behave as if they were locked in low income, dead-end positions. Still, the women have developed pride in their skills. They identify strongly with craft work and use their technical competence successfully in their private struggle for recognition and independence. 相似文献
13.
布茂勇 《河北北方学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,26(2):89-92
职业生涯规划应分为生涯规划和职业规划两部分。大学生尚处于个性发展、成熟和生涯观念的形成过程中,职业生涯规划的重点应放在生涯规划方面。大学生尚不具备独立完成职业生涯规划的完全能力。处于职业生涯的探索和确立阶段的大学生,进行持续的职业生涯探索（自我探索、环境探索）和实践（环境认知实践、学业实践、社会性实践和尝试性职业实践）是大学生职业生涯规划的两个要点。 相似文献
14.
Jacques Perron Louise St-Onge 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1991,14(2):79-90
This study examined the problem of life-style and career patterns for women. College students (367 males, 332 females) expressed their preferences for one of three career patterns for women combining work and family involvement and also answered a work values questionnaire. Results showed that 70.5% of the subjects expected women to attend school and/or work outside the home first and to have their child(ren) only after they have established themselves in a career. Forecasting of career patterns for women was significantly related to subjects' work values. Results confirmed previous findings and also indicated new trends in work values that differentiate between male and female college students.Université de MontréalUniversité du Québec à Trois-Rivières 相似文献
15.
教授治学是建立和完善中国特色现代大学制度的重要内容,由于文化、历史等多种原因,当前教授治学面临着诸多的现实困境。作为高校“宪章”,大学章程是破解困境的有力“武器”,是教授治学得以实现的重要保障。大学章程要厘清大学与政府关系,推进政校分开、管办分离,充分尊重高校的办学自主权,为教授治学创造前提条件;要厘清高校内部治理各权力的边界,去行政化,实现学术权力与行政权力的和谐共舞;要回归学术本位,切实发挥学术委员会等学术组织的学术权力,确保教授治学及学术权力的实施有切实的平台和抓手。 相似文献
16.
Thi Lan Huong Nguyen 《Higher Education》2013,66(1):123-138
Although the slow progress of female academics compared to their male colleagues and the challenges that female academic leaders have to face in taking leadership roles have been well-documented, very little is known about female academic leaders and managers’ career advancement in developing countries like Vietnam. This paper reports on an exploratory study of a research project funded by the Cambridge—Viet Nam Women Leadership Programme, which aims to advance an understanding of the status of, and identify strategies to empower, female academic managers in Vietnamese higher education. The focus of this paper is on university leaders and female Deans’ perceptions of the barriers to female academic Deanship and female Deans’ reflections on the facilitators for their career advancement. The study found that the main barriers are strong family obligations, negative gender stereotypes regarding females as leaders, and female academics’ unwillingness to take management positions. The major facilitators of female Deans’ career advancement are self-effort, strong family support, and, what is perceived to be, a favourable or ‘lucky’ selection context. The paper provides empirical evidence to support the view that family support is a crucial factor for female academic career advancement in Vietnam. Women are both an agent and an object of change in empowering female academic leadership. 相似文献
17.
Yezhu Zhao 《Frontiers of Education in China》2007,2(3):415-429
This paper examines the changing status of women faculty through an analysis of statistics on China’s universities from 1994
to 2004. This paper first presents the trend of a drastic increase in women faculty members in recent years. Further details
on the academic ranks of women faculty, their age and highest degrees obtained are also presented. A comparison of female
representation in faculty ranks is made between China and a few selected countries. Lastly, this paper attempts to account
for the low percentage of female professors in higher education. Recommendations for the professional development for women
faculty are made in the end.
相似文献
18.
现代女性越来越多投身于个人职业发展中,其职业生涯规划意义重大。国内外有关女性职业发展的研究已有丰富的理论基础,但理论分析较多,实证研究成果相对匮乏。高星级酒店的女性管理者职业生涯规划的影响因素分析具有较为重要的理论意义和实践价值。首先,通过文献研究和问卷调查确定女性职业生涯规划的影响因素,并选取某高星级酒店作为案例,通过深度访谈具体分析各影响因子的具体表现。结果显示：影响酒店女性管理者职业生涯规划的因素主要有社会因素、个人因素、家庭因素和组织因素。社会因素是一种宏观背景;个人因素贯穿女性管理者职业生涯规划的始终,是职业生涯规划的基础;家庭因素对酒店女性管理者婚后和生育后的职业生涯规划产生重要影响,其中家庭责任的影响具有两面性,而来自长辈和丈夫的家庭支持能促进其职业生涯规划的可持续发展;组织因素属于外部客观的影响因素,酒店和谐的工作环境和完善的福利制度,对其职业生涯规划起到积极的推动作用。 相似文献
19.
Christine Bieri Buschor Christa Kappler Andrea Keck Frei Simone Berweger 《Gender and education》2014,26(7):743-758
The study examines the career decision-making of Swiss academic high school students opting for a career in a non-traditional, gender-typed area of work during the transition to higher education. Based on a longitudinal study, a qualitative study with 11 female students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and 13 male student teachers was conducted in order to analyse their perceptions of the career decision-making process. They felt supported by their parents and teachers. Women showed a strong sense of identity as future scientists without mentioning specific career goals. Men, by contrast, referred to job security-related considerations and emphasised the importance of role models for their choice. Female students emphasised their status of being ‘unique in a men's world' whereas male student teachers highlighted the role of ‘masculinity in the classroom'. 相似文献
20.
This study intends to gain an understanding of the sources of stress among women academics in research universities of China.
Studies have shown that, compared with their male counterparts, women report higher level of stress in work/family conflicts,
gender barriers and career development. Based on the results of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn about their
particular stress experiences. Firstly, women academics perceived the demands for career development as highly stressful.
The main career challenges for them include the need for renewing knowledge, lack of research productivity, and slow career
progress. Secondly, gender related barriers increased pressure on women academics. These barriers are difficulties in getting
into male-dominated networks, social stereotypes of women, and gender discrimination in promotion. Finally, women academics
experienced more difficulties in fulfilling both academic work and family roles. The main conflict situations pertained to
“performing both work and family roles very well,” “children’s education and future” and “lack of time to satisfy personal
interests and hobbies.” 相似文献