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1.
Fertilization in flowering plants appears simple when compared to that in higher animals. In reality all pre-fertilization events involved in screening and selection of the partners, so familiar in animals, take place in a subtle way in flowering plants also. As plants lack mobility, they cannot perform, on their own, the most important and primary requirement of bringing the male (pollen grain) and the female (pistil) partners together. This process, termed pollination, is effectively outsourced largely to animal agents. Both plants and animals have evolved fascinating adaptations to do this, which is vital not only for their sustenance but also for crop productivity.  相似文献   

2.
航天诱变向日葵花部形态特征及传粉生态学研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对航天诱变向日葵sP6代植株花部形态和传粉生物学进行了研究,结果表明:(1)对照和两个突变系向日葵的种群花期为30-40天,单花盘花期为7-15天;(2)三系植株均为两性花,五聚药雄蕊,花柱一条伸于花药管中,雌蕊柱头多为2裂,突变系有少数3裂和5裂;(3)小花蕾开放初期雄蕊先于雌蕊成熟,花粉活力和柱头可授性持续时间较长,从而保证了生殖成功.(4)三者P/O分别为4358.36、4025.14、195.57,结合套袋试验初步判断向日葵为专性异交繁育系统,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者.  相似文献   

3.
在扫描电镜下观察了平欧榛子花序和花的形态发生过程.平欧榛子雌花序由多个小聚伞花序螺旋状排列组成;每个小花序原基分化出1枚初级苞片和一团小花序原基分生组织,由小花序原基分生组织分化形成2个花原基;每个花原基分化出2个心皮原基,形成二心皮雌蕊;雌蕊基部有2层花被原基,内层花被原基环状,发生于心皮原基,外层花被发生于花原基近轴面和远轴面,且不均等分化,外层花被发生早于内层花被.雄花序为柔荑状,由多个小聚伞花序螺旋状排列组成.每个小花序原基分化出1枚初级苞片和一团小花序原基分生组织,由小花序原基分生组织分化出2枚次级苞片和4个花原基,由花原基直接发育为4个雄蕊原基,形成4枚雄蕊,花丝纵裂至基部.研究认为平欧榛子结果率低,空粒率高的主要原因是花粉粒萌发率低,另外,寒冷地区的倒春寒气候会造成花柱受到冻害,影响传粉受精.  相似文献   

4.
立足于新世纪视野,从现代粮食储备库选址、仓型选择、总平面设计、设计关键点等方面,初步探讨现代粮食储备库设计。认为:现代粮食储备库要科学选址定点,合理选定仓型,因地制宜科学系统进行总平面设计,力求功能分区明确、工艺流程简洁流畅、总体布局紧凑合理,既满足机械化进出仓作业需要,又满足科学保粮技术要求。  相似文献   

5.
追氮时期对不同类型小麦籽粒产量和品质影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
追氮时期对不同类型小麦籽粒的产量和品质有明显的影响.拔节(雌雄蕊原基形成)期和挑旗(四分体)期追施氮肥能显著增加穗粒数,极显著地提高粒重,收获指数和籽粒产量均显著提高;追氮时期过早(起身期)或过迟(开花期)均对小麦的籽粒产量产生不利影响.追氮时期对不同类型小麦品种的籽粒产量的调控效应不同,鲁麦22拔节期追氮显著优于挑旗期,而烟农15拔节期与挑旗期调控效果差异不显著.从对籽粒品质的影响看,品种是决定籽粒面粉品质的基础;挑旗期和拔节期追施氮肥,能提高籽粒容重、出粉率和面粉的湿面筋含量、沉淀值;显著延长面团形成时间、稳定时间和断裂时间,降低公差指数,提高粉质指标评价值.  相似文献   

6.
高校发展战略研究的基本问题是路径选择问题,实现跨越式发展是大多数高校的内在追求。本文试图从理论上解释高校跨越式发展路径选择的动因和实现条件,以期对新兴发展中高校的追赶战略选择和实施提供有益借鉴。  相似文献   

7.
介绍了植物脱氢酶的组织化定位观察、硝酸还原酶活性的测定、糖与硼对花粉管生长的影响测定、钾离子对气孔开度影响材料的选择、低温对植物的伤害、叶绿体色素的提取及分离等实验的材料选择与培养.  相似文献   

8.
"翻译适应选择论"为中国译学理论带来新的活力,该理论认为翻译是一个适应与选择的过程,即译者对翻译生态环境的适应以及对翻译策略的选择。以翻译适应选择论为理论基础,从语言维、文化维、交际维等多维度对国内著名景点名称的误译进行了分析,并以"三维"为原则,提出选择适应性对策。  相似文献   

9.
对我校准备建设的校园网从网络的设计、网络技术的选择、网络的拓扑结构、网络的建设与管理等几个方面提出了较为可行的设想,拟为校园网选择合适的方案.  相似文献   

10.
沙田柚花粉活力探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
沙田柚花粉具有很高的活力,在25%蔗糖浓度范围内,花粉萌发率随蔗糖浓度的增大而升高,柱头液能促进花粉的萌发和花粉管的伸长,在17℃~31℃之间,温度越高花粉萌发率也越高,花粉管伸长也越快,在8℃~10℃的条件下,12天内花粉活力不变,酸柚花粉活力比沙田柚花粉活力高。  相似文献   

11.
在现代石油化工生产企业中,爆炸和火灾危险环境的危险区域划分、选择合适的防爆电气设备对安全生产和保护工作人员安全变得尤为重要。本文旨在通过对相关国家标准的解读,为生产企业爆炸和火灾危险环境的危险区域划分及防爆电气设备选型的提供参考。  相似文献   

12.
在现有的有限网络资源的基础上,如何更好的为流媒体业务提供良好的服务质量(QoS),是多约束QoS路由算法要解决的一个重要问题。在网络中寻找满足多个约束条件的路径(MCP)的问题是一个NP完全问题。本文介绍了MCP问题的主要解决方法,利用BFS(breath first search)算法计算复杂度低的特点,提出了一种对可行节点到达目的节点进行估计,并以此来决定搜索方向的启发式算法。通过实例的演示和实验对比、分析,验证了该算法的正确性,可行性以及优越性。  相似文献   

13.
和平与发展是当代社会的主流。人们试图有更快的社会发展速度,但又不可避免陷入“高速——障碍——停滞——变革——高速……”的怪圈,“欲速则不达”时刻都在困绕着人类。选择什么样的发展模式和发展速度是解决问题的关键。因此,对于社会历史的选择是当代社会的最高问题。也是人类走向成功的必由之路。  相似文献   

14.
Misunderstanding of the idea of evolution (natural selection) was assumed to occur because students were basing their explanations on the following mistaken assumptions: (1) variations in a population have little importance in its change process; (2) when nature changes, it is not at random. From these assumptions, hypotheses were developed and tested by analyzing the responses of 322 university sophomores (education majors) on an evolution problem “How could the bat have evolved wings?”. A classification system that was developed required judgments on whether a population or typological focus was used, whether the change process was open or closed to environmental information and how the selection process functioned. The contention that misunderstanding is logical was supported by acceptance of the following hypotheses: (1) students adopting a population focus also used a closed-change process; (2) students seeing change as more directed used less functional selection processes, with one exception; (3) students using acquired traits did not use a functional idea of selection.  相似文献   

15.
Organizations which use quality improvement teams (QITs) in total quality management (TQM) can benefit from training the team personnel in how to select projects with a low risk of stalling. Projects with a high risk of stalling have typical shortcomings, including: failure to focus on a finite or observable process, failure to select a project within the team's authority and resources, and failure to establish importance related to key customers' needs. Training sessions on how to select viable projects may be warranted because stalled teams set a negative example and discourage potential TQM participants. If the organization institutes training on project selection, however, the cost should be justified through systematic evaluation of the training's impact. Designed for those who conduct evaluations of training sessions, this paper demonstrates an efficient written assessment test of project selection ability. The test requires judgments on the suitability of various projects derived from field interviews about projects which were selected by teams which stalled. Testing with a sample of novice and expert quality team leaders shows that the test is sensitive to differences in skills and could thus be used to document the effect of training on students' ability to select projects.  相似文献   

16.
从材料的选择与应用的角度,将材料与实现日用品安全性的关系做出较系统的归纳,并结合实例说明正确选择材料和巧妙利用材料的特性对于实现日用品安全设计的重要性。  相似文献   

17.
为突破传统高考模式下文理区隔造成的负面影响,促进学生完善知识结构,为学生的个性化学习和多元化发展提供可能,新高考改革尝试引入灵活的科目选考制。研究使用改革试点地区的调查数据,系统分析学生的考试科目选择现状,探寻科目选择行为背后的动机,探究科目选择与高考成绩间的关联性。研究发现,科目选考制一方面有效促进了学生开展文理交融的跨学科学习,但另一方面也导致物理科目的选择比例低且逐年缩减。学生考试科目选择行为背后具有多元化的动机,以学科能力和自我发展规划为选科导向的学生,其高考成绩具有相对优势。与之相异,分数策略导向的科目选择反而会造成学生高考成绩下滑。鉴于此,新高考改革在赋予学生选择权的同时,还应建立完善的生涯规划与升学咨询指导体系,提升学生的选择能力与自主意识。  相似文献   

18.
改革开放以后的30年来,城市化一直是我国经济社会发展的热点,城市化道路选择问题也成为学术界讨论的焦点。围绕城市化道路选择问题的激烈争论迄今没有停止,并演化出几种主流的观点。在分别对这几种主要观点进行简要述评的基础上,指出中等城市在城市化中的战略地位,积极合理地发展中等城市和城市带,将会迅速推进我国城市化进程。  相似文献   

19.
综述了植物自花授粉的方式和类型,分析了自花授粉的生态适应性、可能的进化趋势及其影响因素.自花授粉是指两性花中雌雄蕊之间的授粉,通常也包括同株异花间的授粉.植物按授粉方式可分为自花授粉植物、异花授粉植物和常异花授粉植物3类.在自然界很少有绝对自花授粉的植物,都存在一定频率的异交,根据其自交发生的时间,可将自交分为3种方式:优先自交、竞争自交和滞后自交.自交进化的假说主要集中在两个方面,即繁殖保障和自动选择优势,并已得到广泛的数据支持.分子生物学和生态学相结合的研究方法将进一步揭示植物自花授粉的形成与进化机制.  相似文献   

20.
《教育实用测度》2013,26(4):369-377
Probability selection models for Scholastic Achievement Test (SAT) test takers using truncated normal distributions have been independently discussed by Taube and Linden (1989) and Edwards and Beckworth (1989). Holland and Wainer (1990) provided one formalization of the truncated normal selection model, and rejected it based on patterns in state test-taker variances and test score histograms. Their model, however, is fundamentally different from that considered by Edwards and Beckworth; the former hypothesizes that the probability of taking the test is a function of test score, the latter that it is a function of true score. Here, an evolved form of the Edwards and Beckworth model is outlined, and its relationship with earlier models is discussed. It is shown that the arguments of Holland and Wainer are not sufficient to reject this model.  相似文献   

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