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1.
Some laboratory diffusion tests were conducted with diffusion device to determine the diffusion coefficient of Cr(Ⅵ) ion passing through Dalian red clay samples. The concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) at different places of the samples were then measured spectrophotometrically after a standing time of 1 000 d. A one-dimensional solute transport equation was used to simulate the transport of Cr(Ⅵ) through clay samples. Back-calculation of diffusion coefficient of Cr(Ⅵ) was made with finite difference method. Parametric analysis was conducted to simulate variations in soil dry density, temperature, pH and standing time. The results show that the method used in this paper is simple and effective. The diffusion coefficient of Cr(Ⅵ) in Dalian red clay varies from 1.50×10-7 cm2/s to 2.08×10-7 cm2/s. After 1 000 d diffusion, the concentration of the source solution drops down to 1.27 mg/L from 62.5 mg/L, and the diffusion distance is only 3.5 cm. Under the assumption that diffusion coefficient is constant, the diffusion effect becomes more obvious with lower density, lower temperature, higher pH value, and much more time. 相似文献
2.
DEHGHANI Mohammad Hadi MAHVI Amir Hossein NAJAFPOOR Ali Asghar AZAM Kamal 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1462-1468
The effectiveness of using acoustical (sonochemical) reactor for degradation of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate (LAS) from aqueous solution was investigated. LASs are anionic surfactants,found in relatively high amounts in domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study,experiments on LAS solution were performed using methylene blue active substances (MBAS) method. The effectiveness of acoustical processor reactor for LAS degradation is evaluated with emphasis on the effect of treatment time and initial LAS concentration. Experiments were performed at initial concentrations of 0.2,0.5,0.8 and 1.0 mg/L,acoustic fre-quency of 130 kHz,applied power of 500 W and temperature of 18 °C～20 °C. At the conditions involved,LAS degradation was found to increase with increasing sonochemical time. In addition,as the concentration increased,the LAS degradation rate de-creased in the acoustical processor reactor. 相似文献
3.
In this paper, the Toda equation and the discrete nonlinear Schrdinger equation with a saturable nonlinearity via the discrete ＂ （G′/G＂）-expansion method are researched. As a result, with the aid of the symbolic computation, new hyperbolic function solution and trigonometric function solution with parameters of the Toda equation are obtained. At the same time, new envelop hyperbolic function solution and envelop trigonometric function solution with parameters of the discrete nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation with a saturable nonlinearity are obtained. This method can be applied to other nonlinear differential-difference equations in mathematical physics. 相似文献
4.
In order to research the bond properties between corroded reinforcement bars and concrete, reinforcement bars with different diameters and different types and concrete with different strength levels were treated specially with all soaking and impressed current method, and the bond properties were measured with the pull-out test. The comparative analysis of the bond properties of corroded reinforcement bars was carried out. The results showed that the types of reinforcement bars and concrete had great influence on the bond strength. The corrosion and volume expansion of reinforcement bars made concrete in tensile condition, which tended to produce cracks in parallel reinforced direction. The typical bond failure of plain reinforcement bars was pull-out, while the typical bond failure of ribbed reinforcement bars was split. The bond strength between corroded reinforcement bars and concrete increased with the increase of concrete strength. The bond strength of plain and ribbed reinforcement bars showed a decreasing trend after the first increase with the increase of the extent of corrosion. Through the test, the coefficients of the bond strength of plain and ribbed reinforcement bars were given, respectively. 相似文献
5.
Investigation on influencing factors of 5-HMF content in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Schisandra</Emphasis> 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In order to investigate the influencing factors of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde （5-HMF） content in Schisandra, confirm the theory of 5-HMF deriving mainly from Schisandra processing course, and give some suggestions about the Schisandra processing method, the 5-HMF contents in decoctions of Schisandra under different heating temperature, decocting time, soaking time, processing methods and treatment with different solvents before decocting the Schisandra were measured by RP-HPLC method. The results showed that there is great difference of 5-HMF level in decoctions from differently processed Schisandra and unprocessed Schisandra; decocting time of 60 rain has some effects on 5-HMF level in decoctions and there is certain quantity 5-HMF in processed Schisandra itself and very little 5-HMF in unprocessed Schisandra. Heating time, heating temperature and treating solvents all have effect on 5-HMF level in decoction of Schisandra. 5-HMF in Schisandra was mainly from processing course. Both long heating time and high heating temperature can increase 5-HMF level in Schisandra. The production of 5-HMF in Schisandra may have some relationships with some polar components, which can dissolve in water, ethanol and acetone, especially in ethanol. To control processing temperature, processing time and treatment with some solvent is very important for controlling 5-HMF level in Schisandra. 相似文献
6.
The nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete rectangular slabs undermonotonic transverse loads is performed by finite element method.The layered rectangu-lar element with 4 nodes and 20 degrees of freedom is developed,in whichbending-stretching coupling effect is taken into account.An orthotropic equivalentuniaxial stress-strain constitutive model of concrete is used.A program is worked out andused to calculate two reinforced concrete slabs.The results of calculation are in goodconformity with the corresponding test results.In addition,the influence of tension stif-fening effect of cracked concrete on the results of calculation is discussed. 相似文献
7.
It is important and difficult to control the temperature of mass concrete structure during high arch dam construction.A new method with decision support system is presented for temperature control and crack prevention.It is a database system with functions of data storage,information inquiry,data analysis,early warning and resource sharing.Monitoring information during construction can be digitized via this system,and the intelligent analysis and dynamic control of concrete temperature can be conducted.This method has been applied in the construction of the Dagangshan Arch Dam in China and has proven to be very convenient.Based on the decision support of this system and the dynamic adjustment of construction measures,the concrete temperature of this project is well-controlled. 相似文献
8.
OpenSees is a well-recognized open source platform with high compatibility, and it has a well-developed fiber ele- ment method to cope with nonlinear structural analysis. Fiber reinforced polymer （FRP） confined concrete can effectively improve the seismic performance of concrete structures. However, sophisticated constitutive models for FRP confined concrete are not available in the current version of OpenSees. In this paper, after reviewing several typical FRP confined concrete constitutive models, a modified constitutive model for FRP confined concrete in circular sections was proposed based on Lain and Teng （2003）＇s model with four main modifications including the determination of FRP rupture strain, ultimate condition, envelope shape, and hysteretic rules. To embed the proposed constitutive model into OpenSees is a practical solution for engineering simulation. Hence, the secondary development of OpenSees New UserMat was briefly demonstrated and a set of critical steps were depicted in a flow chart. Finally, with the numerical implementations of a series of FRP confined concrete members covering a wide range of load cases, FRP confinement types and geometric properties, the utility and accuracy of the proposed model compared with Lam and Teng （2003）＇s model and new material secondary development in OpenSees were well validated. 相似文献
9.
New numerical solution for self-acting gas journal bearings 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Taking a small pressure change in the gas film of self-acting gas-lubricated journal bearings into account, the corresponding nonlinear Reynolds equation is linearized through appropriate approximation and a modified Reynolds equation is derived and solved by means of the finite difference method （FDM）. The gas film pressure distribution of a self-acting gas-lubricated journal bearing is attained and the load capacity is calculated. The numerical solution has a better agreement with experimental data than a direct numerical solution for different values of the bearing number. It is of interest to note that the eccentricity ratio, at which the new numerical solution is in better agreement with experimental data, is different when the bearing number is changing. The new numerical solution is slightly larger when the eccentricity ratio is smaller, and becomes slightly smaller when the eccentricity ratio is larger. 相似文献
10.
In order to achieve highly accurate and efficient numerical calculations of structural dynamics, time collocation method is presented. For a given time interval, the numerical solution of the method is approximated by a polynomial. The polynomial coefficients are evaluated by solving alge-braic equation. Once the polynomial coefficients are evaluated, the numerical solutions at any time in the interval can be easily calculated. New formulae are derived for the polynomial coefficients, which are more practical and succinct than those previously given. Two structural dynamic equations are calculated by the proposed method. The numerical solutions are compared with the traditional fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results show that the method proposed is highly accurate and computationally efficient. In addition, an important advantage of the method is the simplicity in software programming. 相似文献
11.
基于空间模式计算不可压缩边界层,基本流选用平板层流Blasius解,采用高精度的紧致有限差分格式数值模拟三维边界层扰动方程。并应用具体的算例,研究了入口不同扰动幅值对转捩位置的影响,以及不同小幅值下扰动的演化特征。 相似文献
12.
张蜀红 《邢台职业技术学院学报》2010,27(1):69-71
本文根据聚合物流变学理论,以有限元软件Ansys、Polyflow和Flow2000为平台,采用数值模拟的方法对挤出模具材料一次性摩擦的影响后对模具的温度场、应力场进行数值模拟,从而给出了塑料异型材挤出模具高速稳定设计的数值模拟及优化方法。这样即可节约设计时间,又可节约成本,同时提高了产品的设计质量和精度。 相似文献
13.
王月华 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2012,12(4):45-48
文章以60×40×4大体积混凝土采用整体一次性浇筑方案为基础,以一维差分法计算了混凝土的温度场,并用建筑工程中常用的拉应力计算公式计算了最大拉应力,结果显示一次整体浇筑方案有产生贯穿性裂缝的风险,没有达到安全系数k=1.15的要求,需要采取措施控制温升产生的拉应力。因此,在降低混凝土水泥用量的基础上,采用了外径为1.25cm钢管、水平间距为1.70m、铅直间距为1.60m（两层）的方案,通过循环水降低大体积混凝土凝结过程中水化热产生的温升,并提出温度应力监控措施,以便及时采取温控措施,实现信息化施工。 相似文献
14.
为了对处于环境温、湿度中的混凝土的收缩变形进行有效数值模拟分析,提出了一种数值解析与有限元分析相结合的方法.根据多孔介质热质传输原理描述混凝土中湿热迁移过程的耦合偏微分方程组,借助Laplace变换及传递函数将其简化为拉氏域内的简单微分方程并求解,然后通过Laplace逆变换得到物理空间内的温度和含湿量.在此基础上利用有限元分析方法得到混凝土湿热耦合收缩变形.该方法克服了其他求解过程中特征值复杂、耦合困难及准确性差的问题,并有效解决了现有有限元软件难以处理湿度应力及变形的难题.以Hundt试验为算例的数值计算表明,模拟结果与试验数据具有良好的相关性. 相似文献
15.
针对辽宁省九五重点工程某水库碾压混凝土坝的整体规划与设计要求，有关设计与施工部门一起，提出了九个有关大坝施工和温度控制方案．本文针对各个方案的大坝升层填筑方式，坝址气温变化条件，混凝土各种时变特性（强度特性、蠕变特性、自生体积变形、添加剂氧化镁自身体积变形，弹性模量等），提出了较为复杂的计算模型，并采用有限单元法对大坝进行了非稳定温度场，温度应力，总应力的计算，研究了各种大坝温度控制方案优越点，提出最佳方案．经工程会议鉴定，计算成果正确，计算精度较高，为相关设计、施工单位采纳为施工招标，设计与施工的依据之一． 相似文献
16.
叶海青 《五邑大学学报(社会科学版)》1993,(3)
为了确保计算稳定性和提高计算精度,本文改进了砼梁单元在双向应力作用下的本构关系,自编了钢筋砼梁非线性平面有限元计算程序RCNFEA,对简支梁和两跨连续梁进行了非线性全过程分析,着重研究了连续梁的内力重分布规律,并详细分析了弯矩调幅对低配筋连续梁使用阶段裂缝宽度和挠度的影响,所得结果与试验分析结果基本一致。 相似文献
17.
Arc-length technique for nonlinear finite element analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTION Complete investigation of the nonlinear be-havior of structures must follow the equilibriumpath; identify and compute the singular points likelimit or bifurcation points, whose secondary bran-ches in the equilibrium path must be examined andfollowed. Several techniques to achieve the solu-tion pattern on the equilibrium path were presentedin literature. Load controlled Newton-Raphson me-thod was the earliest method in this regard; but itfails near the limit point. To overcom… 相似文献
18.
苏小卒 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2004,5(5):618-628
Nonlinear solution of reinforced concrete structures, particularly complete load-deflection response, requires tracing of the equilibrium path and proper treatment of the limit and bifurcation points. In this regard, ordinary solution techniques lead to instability near the limit points and also have problems in case of snap-through and snap-back. Thus they fail to predict the complete load-displacement response. The arc-length method serves the purpose well in principle, Received wide acceptance in finite element analysis, and has been used extensively. However modifications to the basic idea are vital to meet the particular needs of the analysis. This paper reviews some of the recent developments of the method in the last two decades, with particular emphasis on nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures. 相似文献
19.
对二维热传导方程进行紧交替方向有限差分,该方法在空间方向上具有四阶精度,在时间方向上具有二阶精度。证明了当rx,ry≥1／6时该有限差分解收敛于连续解。数值例子验证了该有限差分法具有高阶精度。 相似文献
20.
何双 《湖州师范学院学报》2008,30(1):18-20
对流扩散方程是描述粘性流体运动的非线性方程的线性化模型方程,常系数线性对流扩散方程也常用差分法、有限体积法或有限元法来求解,但在处理实际问题时,这些方法往往因为解的精度不高而使计算结果不合理,而采用经典R-K法可以明显提高解的精确度.通过对实际计算结果的比较,该方法解的精度几乎与解析解的精度相同. 相似文献