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1.
魏爱云 《福建教育学院学报》2010,11(1):81-83
伴随硕士研究生的不断扩招,就业压力下的被动入学、培养模式大众化、教育经费投入遭遇瓶颈等问题引起了教育界的普遍关注。要避免扩招带来的负面影响,努力提高研究生培养质量,从研究生管理的角度,应该建立二级管理体制,加强导师队伍建设,尽量提升研究生教育经费的使用效益。 相似文献
2.
Martha Smith-Norris 《Journal of educational administration and history》2018,50(3):174-190
During the last decade, scholars and journalists in Canada raised alarm bells about the efficacy and viability of graduate humanities programmes across the country. The Department of History at the University of Saskatchewan decided to analyse the outcomes of its graduate programmes at the Doctoral and Master's levels, from 1990 to 2015. We learned that our students complete their programmes in a timely manner, their attrition rates are lower than expected, and most are finding employment in relevant fields, including academia, administration, and public history. However, we also discovered a trend of gender inequity that warrants attention. Although the proportion of male and female graduate students entering our programmes was about equal, our female students withdrew more often and took longer to complete their degrees. In addition, our female graduates were not hired in the top academic positions at the same rate as their male counterparts. 相似文献
3.
Margot Pearson 《高等教育研究与发展》1999,18(3):269-287
Although there has been considerable institutional attention to quality management and improvement in Australian higher education, concerns about the quality of doctoral education persist. This paper argues that addressing these concerns will require a shift in perspective. The conventional view of doctoral education which assumes an on‐campus, full‐time student experience, with socialisation arising formally and informally through interaction with the supervisor(s) and other academics in a university department, and which prepares the candidate for academic or other full‐time research work, is increasingly recognised as problematic. The rapid growth in candidate numbers is associated with a more diverse doctoral student population, and increasingly flexible patterns of research and study. These trends are likely to continue as they are in response to major changes in the higher education environment and changes in patterns of research activity. The argument presented is that addressing concerns for quality management, improvement and effective innovation demand the development of a research‐based wholistic conceptual framework for doctoral education which integrates all aspects of the doctoral education experience, and a focus on constructing and evaluating doctoral programmes in their particular organisational settings and physical locations. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACTThe teaching performance of higher education institutions is increasingly gauged by graduate employment outcomes. Measuring outcomes in full-time employment terms does not capture the complexities of underemployment, the rise of portfolio careers, the constraints of the labour market and graduate motivations for working arrangements that can allow greater flexibility and work-life balance. This study explores the career outcomes of Business and Creative Industries graduates using both traditional measures (full-time employment outcomes) and a suite of broader measures that examine career satisfaction, perceived employability, perceived career success, underemployment, and graduate motivations for seeking new roles. Findings confirm disciplinary differences in graduate experience, and raise some broad concerns about the quality of graduate employment, particularly given the lack of improvement in outcomes over time since course completion. Findings suggest graduates are optimistic about their career futures, despite unmet expectations – particularly on income. 相似文献
5.
英国大学科研评估创新与发展的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了加强政府科研拨款的选择性和透明度,提高其使用效率,英国大学科研评估应运而生。在其实施的20多年间,科研评估活动根据时代发展做出创新与调整,因此对英国大学、学系和研究人员都产生了巨大的影响。主要体现在:大学的研究质量普遍提高,出现了资源"集聚效应"和"管理文化",学系和研究人员等都对科研评估活动作出积极反应。而对科研评估活动的创新与发展进行回顾并总结其影响是全面解读该评估的关键。 相似文献
6.
Many institutions of higher education confront seemingly unrelated needs of graduate students, who need not only to complete their dissertations but also to learn how to become proficient mentors for undergraduates as they move on to faculty roles. The graduate students are increasingly searching out high-impact learning experiences such as involvement with undergraduate research. The program we describe in this article offers a solution to these issues by pairing undergraduates with graduate students to work on their dissertation research. Undergraduates undertake hands-on research while learning about graduate school, and the graduate students learn about the mentoring process while receiving assistance that allows them to keep their dissertations moving toward completion. 相似文献
7.
Formally the new public management model of governance was introduced into British higher education with the passage of the
1988 Education Reform Act, which abolished the existing University Grants Committee (UGC) and instigated the funding councils.
This article explores the relationship between the state, the funding councils and the universities with respect to the contemporary
development of the English system of higher education. The analysis is based on an exploration of four key policy issues:
the quality assurance regime, the research assessment exercises, the widening participation agenda and the introduction of
student fees. The goal is to explore how the quasi-state organisations—in particular the Higher Education Funding Council
for England (HEFCE)—have mediated the relationship between the state and the universities. The evidence suggests that the
coupling of the state to the universities follows one of three tracks: compliance, resistance and seduction. The article explores
what factors determine why one relationship (or combination of relationships) prevails, and explains patterns of change over
time. The overall conclusion is that institutional interaction is very complex, and it is inaccurate—as is sometimes claimed—to
view the funding council as little more than a compliant channel of government policy. 相似文献
8.
Beyond rather general complaints about budgets not matching the necessary costs of ‘integration’, financial aspects have not obtained much attention in special education research. The importance that different fiscal frameworks may play in shaping equality policy programmes towards different organisational forms at the national, district or school levels, has to a large extent been overlooked. Most equality policy programmes imply a relatively high degree of autonomy being given to the school‐site level, but few studies have so far systematically analysed how such funding streams are mobilised and put into use by administrators and teachers at the local school level. As a means a highlighting some of these questions we report on a study that has (a) analysed the relations between income level and expenditure on special education in Norwegian municipalities, and (b) made attempts at examining possible connections between organisational quality and level of expenditure on special education in four strategically sampled schools. 相似文献
9.
研究生培养机制改革下导师制度的变化和缺失 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
周晓芳 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2010,32(2):53-55,74
研究生培养机制改革背景下导师制度发生了深刻的变化,表现在招生制度、科研资助制度、导师遴选制度等方面。导师制度中的这些重要内容在改变中固守或产生许多问题,加上目前的导师制度仍然缺失了很多重要内容,且配套制度改革也未跟进上,因此,以建立长效研究生质量保障机制和激励机制的为目标的研究生教育全面改革尚处于初级阶段,在这轮改革中,导师制度是关键。 相似文献
10.
H. Dean Nielsen 《Distance Education》1997,18(2):284-317
Governments around the world have increasingly used distance education (DE), both preservice and inservice, to overcome conventional, campus‐based programme constraints in funding, access and student places. DE programmes have shown that they can expand assess to teacher education, but still need to demonstrate that they can produce teachers of the quality needed for today's schools. Quality assessment systems have been developed, using either examinations or impact studies, to demonstrate programme effect on graduate outcomes related to good teaching. Quality assurance systems have been designed, based on the concept of the ‘learning organisation’, to assure continuous improvement in programme conditions related to the desired outcomes. Quality assessment and assurance systems are reviewed and some examples of quality DE programmes presented. 相似文献
11.
PAUL C. BURNETT 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1999,39(1):46-52
The Collaborative Cohort Model (CCM) for research supervision was developed and piloted as an alternative to the Apprentice Master Model (AMM), which is currently used with most doctoral dissertations. The CCM was developed in response to concerns about completion rates and the quality of research supervision. The feedback from the initial cohort of doctoral students who have experienced the model is presented. 相似文献
12.
本文在回顾我国研究生教育发展及资源配置历史变迁的基础上,分析了我国教育和科研财政投入的体制和机制,其特征表现为“国家财政拨款为主的多渠道教育经费筹措体制、综合定额加专项补助的高校经费拨款机制、直接拔款和科学基金组合的科研经费投入方式”;并对我国研究生教育财政拨款体制机制如何改革进行了探讨。 相似文献
13.
We examine how global pressures for competitiveness and gender equality have merged into a discourse of ‘inclusive excellence’ in the twenty-first century and shaped three recent German higher education programmes. After placing these programmes in the larger discourse about gender inequalities, we focus on how they adapt current global concerns about both being ‘the best’ and increasing ‘gender equality’ in locally specific ways, a process called vernacularisation. German equality advocates used ‘meeting international standards’ as leverage, drew on self-governance norms among universities, used formal gender plans as mechanisms to direct change, and set up competition to legitimate intervention. This specific incremental policy path for increasing women's status in German universities also mobilised the national funding agency and local gender equality officers as key actors, and placed particular emphasis on family friendliness as the expression of organisational commitment to gender equality. 相似文献
14.
Arie Rip 《Higher Education》1994,28(1):3-23
Summary Research councils began as channels for state patronage of science (a widespread phenomenon after World War II) and were captured by the scientists: peer review of proposals, panels, board membership. In this way, they became an important organ of the Republic of Science (Michael Polanyi's concept). Being awarded a grant is now as important for the reputation or status of a scientist as the money value per se: research councils have become part of the reward system of science. Credibility-cycle analysis (Latour and Woolgar) is used to show this; and then applied to the research council itself, between the State and the national scientific community. Current concerns about proposal success rates and conservatism are analysed in terms of dynamics of this research world. This sociological approach to research councils allows analysis of changes in the reward system of science (where relevance is becoming an accepted criterion world-wide) and of the complex environment of research councils, where many actors now compete for the intermediary role. Research councils must also become entrepreneurial-or become obsolete. 相似文献
15.
Within the School of Computer Science and Software Engineering of Monash University concerns have been raised about the prevalence of cheating amongst the IT students. Many isolated reports from staff of different cheating incidents collectively present a view of a problem that is widespread and multifaceted. Although indications are that these practices exist across all year levels in both undergraduate and graduate programmes, the actual extent of the problem, and whether any particular groups of students are more inclined to cheating behaviours, is difficult to gauge. Many studies have investigated undergraduate cheating; however, there have been very few studies of graduate students. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of studies of the cheating behaviour of information technology students. In some reporting of student cheating there is a tendency to take a general view of the problem, and preventative or educative measures to address this problem do not differentiate between undergraduate and graduate students. It is of concern that strategies that do not focus on attitudes or behaviours that are exhibited by a particular group are not as effective as they could be. The results of the study reported here show that there are differences between the undergraduate and graduate IT students in regard to their attitudes towards cheating and practice of cheating. The study hypothesises a relationship between maturity and motivation, and cheating behaviour. The possible reasons for this are explored and implications for the design of future education programmes are presented. 相似文献
16.
高校研究生事务管理作为研究生教育管理的特殊领域和重要有机组成部分,是影响研究生教育质量的重要因素。运用Cite Space可视化软件和SPSS统计软件,采用文献计量的方法,对2000～2010年CNKI数据库中检索到的研究生教育管理的相关学术文献进行统计分析与评估。期待通过评估,引起学界对中国研究生管理研究的深入探讨与反思,以更好地服务于研究生教育与研究生人才培养。 相似文献
17.
Martin Ince The Engineer 《Higher Education Quarterly》1987,42(1):4-19
About £8 billion a year is spent on research and development in the UK, and the money is found by bodies ranging from the UGC - whose interest is in supporting good long-term science and technology - to research councils with strategic research and development objectives and firms and government departments wanting solutions to their own scientific and technological problems. And the structure for funding research and development in British academe is changing rapidly, in a highly political manner. What are the threats and opportunities for British academics in the new world of British research and development funding? 相似文献
18.
Carlton J. Fong Joanna Gilmore Tershia Pinder-Grover Molly Hatcher 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2019,43(3):363-380
As current graduate instructors of labs and class discussions, teaching assistants (TAs) play a critical role in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) undergraduate education, especially as some graduate students may choose a faculty career in the future. Because of the importance of TAs and their development as scholars and instructors, we sought to determine the most effective methods of preparing engineering TAs at two research universities. We compare the impact of a teaching orientation with one of four teaching development programmes (Pedagogy Course, Advanced Practice Teaching, Workshop Attendance with Written Reflection, or Mid-Semester Student Feedback with Written Reflection) on engineering TAs’ teaching efficacy and definitions of active learning. Results indicated that the Pedagogy Course consistently increased TAs’ teaching efficacy and attitudes toward teaching compared with the other programmes. We also found that stand-alone Mid-Semester Student Feedback with Written Reflection enhanced TAs’ efficacy for reflection and beliefs about teaching. We discuss implications for providing teaching development for graduate students and directions for future research. 相似文献
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20.
Young Imm Kang Song Jo Ann Gammel 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2011,30(2):266-278
Murals are particularly visually captivating forms of public art due to their size and accessibility. Mural images also capture public attention and provoke viewers to explore layers of meaning and find hidden stories. They are often in places that people come to visit, study, play, congregate and discuss matters that may relate to the content of the mural. To this end, murals can be effective tools for helping communities think about their environmental issues. This article discusses the Mystic River mural project in Somerville, Massachusetts, USA. It addresses how the local art councils, mural artists, local students, community members and non‐profit organisations collaborated to carry out this ongoing mural project. The purpose of this research is to examine how Mystic River eco‐murals were created, what challenges and benefits the eco‐murals provided, how local social concerns were represented through the eco‐murals, how eco‐murals can continue to promote environmental awareness and inspire youth about their community and the local environment, and how the mural can continue to reflect or affect the meaning of the place. This process can serve as an example for other communities that seek to address their environmental concerns through public art. 相似文献