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译员一方面作为源语听众,需要理解和记忆发言者的讲话,另一方面作为阐释者,通过语言转换,将讲话意思传递给目标语听众,因此在整个口译过程中,译员处于一个非常特殊和重要的位置上。在跨语言交际活动中,译员作为参与者之一,由于各种因素的影响,其角色也会发生相应变化。译员应了解一对一商务洽谈中角色变化时的口译应对策略以提高口译质量。 相似文献
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许勉君 《广东技术师范学院学报》2010,31(8):90-92
西方的社区口译是各类口译活动的重要组成部分,需求量大,供不应求,涉及语种繁多,耗费巨大;相关研究相对成熟,对口译活动的范围、性质、质量评估,译员培训等,均有较深入研究和详尽论述。相比之下,我国的社区口译活动规模和需求量较小,涉及语种较少,译员培训和理论研究几乎是一片空白。通过评介西方社区口译,本文旨在提出中国社区口译的发展方向,以引起社会各界尤其是口译界对社区口译的重视,从而促进社区口译的进一步发展。 相似文献
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传递讲话人的意图是口译的基本要求之一。意图这一抽象的概念可以用修辞结构理论的结构图进行直观的描述。文章以2010年温家宝总理记者招待会的汉英口译为案例,通过分析译语的修辞关系及其体现的意图性,探讨传递讲话人意图的有效方法,提高译语质量。研究发现,高水平译员汉英口译译语的意图性较源语更为明确,译员运用核心单元前置、核心性转移和核心单元重复等方法对讲话人的意图进行显性化表达。 相似文献
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商务口译中的译员主体性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
古琦慧 《广东技术师范学院学报》2009,30(4):92-94
借用相关研究成果,本文肯定了译员主体性的存在和作用,并从了解商务活动的内容及参与各方的关系、了解说话者真正的意图、采取合适的口译策略、恰当地参与商务交际并协调好交际中各方的关系、充当文化的使者五个方面探讨了商务口译中译员主体性的把握,以期对从事商务口译人员的口译工作有所帮助. 相似文献
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胡爱梅 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,30(7):64-67
作为翻译的一种形式,口译在本质上是交际活动,也是一种特殊的语言交际行为。基于释意理论,可以从交际的角度审视口译译员的主体性：在口译这一特殊的交际活动中,译员不仅仅是信息传达者,而且是促进交际活动顺利进行的积极的参与者和协调者。口译交际中译员的主体作用主要体现在三个方面：语言知识的再处理;文化语境的协调;现场气氛的调和。 相似文献
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古琦慧 《广东技术师范学院学报》2009,(8)
借用相关研究成果,本文肯定了译员主体性的存在和作用,并从了解商务活动的内容及参与各方的关系、了解说话者真正的意图、采取合适的口译策略、恰当地参与商务交际并协调好交际中各方的关系、充当文化的使者五个方面探讨了商务口译中译员主体性的把握,以期对从事商务口译人员的口译工作有所帮助。 相似文献
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《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(12)
口译是一种跨语言、跨文化的交际行为,要求译员关注实践中语言层面的交流,也要重视语言背后文化层面的交流。在商务口译中,口译实践具有更强的商业目的性,译员服务对象之间因各自利益考量更容易产生误解与矛盾,这就要求译员具备良好的跨文化敏感性,能够及时预防、沟通与化解障碍,扮演跨文化协调者的角色。 相似文献
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文化图式指的是人脑中关于文化的知识结构块,是人脑中关于文化的先前经验,可以用来感知和理解社会中的各种文化现象。在温家宝总理的记者招待会中,译员充分利用认知文化图式对其中援引的古诗词和文化负载词进行了较好地口译,出色地完成了口译任务。因此,在口译中,译员应该多积累文化图式并激活已有的图式。 相似文献
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Despite rapid growth in the field of educational interpreting little is known about the formal training of educational interpreters. This gap in the research is the focus of this study. A questionnaire was sent to the directors of 50 interpreter training programs nationwide asking for information about their course work in educational interpreting and related areas; instruction in signed English systems; and the directors' opinions on certain ethical and professional questions facing the educational interpreter. The results suggest that graduates of interpreter training programs who obtain employment as public school interpreters are not adequately prepared. Training programs provide few courses on the education of deaf children, on the language systems used, and on issues specific to classroom interpreting. The directors of these programs overwhelmingly support the development of guidelines on the educational interpreter's role. They show some support for the "interpreter as tutor" role but are equivocal about the development of a special certification for educational interpreters. 相似文献
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The translation work of sign language interpreters involves much more than language. The characteristics and goings-on in the physical environment, the dynamics and interactions between the people who are present, and even the "inner noise" of the interpreter contribute to the accuracy, or lack thereof, of the resulting translation. The competent interpreter must understand and respond appropriately to the language and nonlanguage aspects of each interpreting assignment. We use the framework of demand-control theory (Karasek, 1979) to examine the complex occupation of sign language interpreting. Demand-control theory is a job analysis method useful in studies of occupational stress and reduction of stress-related illness, injury, and burnout. We describe sources of demand in the interpreting profession, including demands that arise from factors other than those associated with languages (linguistic demands). These include environmental, interpersonal, and intrapersonal demands. Karasek's concept of control, or decision latitude, is also explored in relation to the interpreting profession. We discuss the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders (CTD), turnover, and burnout in the interpreting profession in light of demand-control theory and data from interpreter surveys, including a new survey study described herein. We conclude that nonlinguistic demand factors in particular and perceived restrictions in decision latitude likely contribute to stress, CTD, burnout, and the resulting shortage of sign language interpreters. We make suggestions for improvements in interpreter education and professional development, including the institution of an advanced, supervised professional training period, modeled after internships common in other high demand professional occupations. 相似文献
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运用格莱斯会话合作原则,探讨在口译中如何处理原话语所包含的习语,旨在说明口译员作为原话语的信息发送者（说话人）与接收者（听话人）之问的桥梁,在口译这一特殊口语交际活动中起着重要的纽带作用。在处理原话语中出现的习语时,口译员应考虑口译的特殊性,积极遵守合作四准则,这对于习语口译实践具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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关于口译过程的研究比较普遍的是把口译分成理解与表达两个阶段。这样的口译过程分段,不利于译员对口译的认识与把握。意义建构理论下的口译过程研究,从口译过程的本质出发,将口译过程分成意义建构与意义制造两个阶段。意义是口译的核心。传统的口译理解与表达同样离不开意义,理解是对意义的理解,表达是对意义的表达。口译新的分段认为口译首先是译员在原语语言的激发下,结合情境和个人阅历进行的意义建构,然后再从目的语听众的角度出发结合情境及听者的阅历使用语言进行意义激发与制造。 相似文献
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杨先明 《荆州师范学院学报》2006,29(6):108-110,115
口译笔记对译员的记忆有很强的提示作用，可通过再现帮助译员进行记忆的提取。口译笔记应遵循层次分明、简明扼要、凸显要点和多用符号等原则。在口译笔记教学中，教师应分析一些常见问题的原因，并有针对性地向学生解释其解决方法。 相似文献
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陈慧华 《乐山师范学院学报》2014,(2):69-72
通过追溯电话口译兴起至今40年(1973-2012)发展历程,对电话口译在世界各主要国家的研究与实践进行梳理,探析当前我国电话口译研究滞后的现状。从时间、资源、价格、心理需求等方面论述电话口译的优势,指出随着经济发展与科技进步,传统电话口译的制约因素将日渐减弱,电话口译行业发展潜力巨大。最后以电话口译工作特点为基础,提出电话口译教学培训的知识、技能、心理训练模式,以期为电话口译职业化做一些有益探索。 相似文献
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王珍 《南昌教育学院学报》2012,(1):165-166
口译,一项特殊的语言处理行为。坊间对口译员有"民间的外交家"之称。口译一度神秘。口译笔记,似乎一直都颇具争议。巴黎和会时期,欧洲译坛曾视译员借助笔记为实力不济。而如今中国的各大对外场合,小至商务谈判,大至记者招待会,现场口译总会依靠口译笔记辅助记忆。近几年,许多国内学者纷纷在不同的外语类核心期刊(尤其是《中国翻译》)发文,试图从不同角度来探讨口译笔记。2006年以来,市面上便出现了口译笔记教学的专业书籍,可见口译笔记正逐渐引起重视。本文试图从国内三大主流口译笔记入手,也谈谈口译笔记,望能抛砖引玉。 相似文献
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通过实验的方法来探讨图式与礼仪祝辞类口译成效之间的关系。结果表明：图式有助于提高礼仪祝辞口译的效果,其中结构图式能减轻译员的记忆负荷,背景知识图式方便于口译员预测下文内容和语言信息,语言图式则使译员的表达更为顺畅。要提高口译效果,学员要建立与激活尽可能多的结构图式、背景知识图式和语言图式。 相似文献
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Specialized psychotherapy for deaf people in the Dutch and Western European mental health systems is still a rather young specialism. A key policy principle in Dutch mental health care for the deaf is that they should receive treatment in the language most accessible to them, which is usually Dutch Sign Language (Nederlandse Gebarentaal or NGT). Although psychotherapists for the deaf are trained to use sign language, situations will always arise in which a sign language interpreter is needed. Most psychotherapists have the opinion that working with a sign language interpreter in therapy sessions can be a valuable alternative option but also see it as a second-best solution because of its impact on the therapeutic process. This paper describes our years of collaborationship as a therapist and a sign language interpreter. If this collaborationship is optimal, it can generate a certain "therapeutic power" in the therapy sessions. Achieving this depends largely on the interplay between the therapist and the interpreter, which in our case is the result of literature research and our experiences during the last 17 years. We analyze this special collaborative relationship, which has several dimensions and recurrent themes like, the role conception of the interpreter, situational interpreting, organizing the interpretation setting, or managing therapeutic phenomena during therapy sessions. 相似文献
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Napier J 《American annals of the deaf》2004,149(4):350-359
The article explores sign language interpreter training, testing, and accreditation in three major English-speaking countries, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, by providing an overview of the training and assessment of sign language interpreters in each country. The article highlights the reasons these countries can be considered leaders in the profession and compares similarities and differences among them. Key similarities include the provision of university interpreter training, approval for training courses, license "maintenance" systems, and educational interpreting guidelines. Differences are noted in relation to training prerequisites, types and levels of accreditation, administration of the testing system, and accreditation of deaf interpreters. The article concludes with predictions about future developments related to the establishment of the World Association of Sign Language Interpreters and the development of sign language interpreting research as a research discipline. 相似文献