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1.
Andrew J. Pekarik 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2010,53(1):105-115
The ways that museums measure the success of their exhibitions reveal their attitudes and values. Are they striving to control visitors so that people will experience what the museum wants? Or are they working to support visitors, who seek to find their own path? The type of approach known as “outcome‐based evaluation” weighs in on the side of control. These outcomes are sometimes codified and limited to some half‐dozen or so “learning objectives” or “impact categories.” In essence, those who follow this approach are committed to creating exhibitions that will tell visitors what they must experience. Yet people come to museums to construct something new and personally meaningful (and perhaps unexpected or unpredictable) for themselves. They come for their own reasons, see the world through their own frameworks, and may resist (and even resent) attempts to shape their experience. How can museums design and evaluate exhibitions that seek to support visitors rather than control them? How can museum professionals cultivate “not knowing” as a motivation for improving what they do? 相似文献
2.
Blanca Rodríguez‐Bravo David Nicholas Eti Herman Chérifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Anthony Watkinson Jie Xu Abdullah Abrizah Marzena Świgoń 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(4):269-277
This paper presents selected findings from the first year of a 3‐year longitudinal study of early career researchers (ECRs), which sought to ascertain current and changing habits in scholarly communication. Specifically, the aims of the paper are to show: (1) how much experience and knowledge ECRs had of peer review – both as authors and as reviewers; (2) what they felt the benefits were and what suggestions they had for improvement; (3) what they thought of open peer review (OPR); and (4) who they felt should organize peer review. Data were obtained from 116 science and social science ECRs, most of whom had published and were subject to in‐depth interviews conducted face‐to‐face, via Skype, or over the telephone. An extensive literature review was also conducted to provide a context and supplementary data for the findings. The main findings were that: (1) most ECRS are well informed about peer review and generally like the experience, largely because of the learning experiences obtained; (2) they like blind double‐peer review, but would like some improvements, especially with regards to reviewer quality; (3) most are uncomfortable with the idea of OPR; and (4) most would like publishers to continue organizing peer review because of their perceived independence. 相似文献
3.
Eddie Woodward 《Public Library Quarterly》2016,35(2):85-89
All too often, applicants for low level paraprofessional positions in libraries are passed over or rejected, not because they are not qualified, but because they have professional experience or advanced degrees. The rationale behind these decisions is that the overqualified staff member in a low level position will continue to look for a better position more aligned with their skills, experience, and education; and when they find another job they will leave and their positions will have to be filled again. This essay argues that this reasoning is flawed and, regardless of the perceived inconvenience, library managers and administrators should want the best and the brightest working in all levels of their library. 相似文献
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Clare Horrocks 《Media History》2014,20(1):21-33
In a climate of fear about funding for libraries and the arts, the preservation of many periodicals and newspapers is under threat. Digitisation is therefore justifiable as a conservation directive however what of those volumes that are not chosen? Are we creating an alternative version of Victorian culture through so selective a gaze? Indeed, who is choosing these titles? There is a question of access, both of what material is available to digitise and also what it is perceived ‘the audience’ want. However, a further question is raised—who are ‘the audience’? What are these archives going to be used for? This article will examine the different forms of nineteenth-century periodical and newspaper archives that are available, how they are organised and who their perceived audience is, before going on to consider the pedagogical utility of such sites. How can we enhance students' understanding of nineteenth-century culture by using these archives in our lecture theatres? And if we do, what are the implications for research in the future? 相似文献
6.
��[Purpose/significance] Under ubiquitous information environment, the sharing of the cloud, personalized service process and ubiquitous access increase the privacy threat of users. Exploring the weaken factors on perceived threats of personal cloud storage users and their coping strategies will help to analyze users' complicated information protection action, and promote the further development and large-scale application of cloud storage services.[Method/process] Drawing upon the optimism bias and coping theories in psychology, based on the research logic "weaken factors→perceived threat→coping", we analyzed different influences on perceived threat of 3 factors (i.e., optimism bias, prior experience and the official certification), and verified the moderating effect of optimism bias between perceived threats and coping behavior. Through the online questionnaire survey, we tested the model with the partial least square method.[Result/conclusion] The results reveal that prior experience and optimistic bias negatively affect perceived threat of cloud storage users, while official certification does not play a significant role. Besides, optimistic bias will be negative to adjust the relationship between perceived threat and emotion-focused coping, but will not affect the relationship between perceived threat and emotion-focused coping. The results help reveal the law and internal mechanism of personal cloud storage users' perceived threats and coping strategy, and provide advices and references for risk control of the cloud service providers and regulatory policies of Industry and Information Technology Ministry. 相似文献
7.
[目的/意义] 泛在信息环境下,云内的共享性、个性化服务过程及泛在接入使得用户的隐私威胁不断加大,探索用户感知威胁的削弱因素及应对策略,将有助于解析泛在信息环境下用户自身复杂的信息保护行为,促进云存储服务的进一步发展和规模化应用。[方法/过程] 结合心理学中的乐观偏差及应对理论,基于削弱因素--感知威胁--应对策略的研究逻辑,从乐观偏差、使用经验、官方认证3个维度分析对云存储用户感知威胁的不同影响,并验证乐观偏差对感知威胁到应对策略的调节作用。通过在线问卷调查,采用偏最小二乘法对结构模型进行估计。[结果/结论] 研究发现,使用经验、乐观偏差负向影响感知威胁,而官方认证的作用并不显著。此外,乐观偏差会负向调节感知威胁与问题应对之间的关系,但不会影响其与情绪应对的关系。研究结果可有助于揭示云储存用户感知威胁与应对策略的发生规律及内在机理,并为云服务提供商的风险管控以及国家工信部门的监管政策提供建议和参考。 相似文献
8.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(95-96):149-172
Abstract In spite of the explosion of interest in virtual reference and instruction, assessment of digital reference remains relatively uncharted territory in the library literature. What standards exist for online reference and instruction and how can they be used to assess the innovative new merged online reference environment at the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Library? Led by co-unit heads from the former San Jose Public Library Main Branch and the San Jose State University Clark Library, the merged reference unit is a unique testing ground for perceived differences between public and academic reference service. Evaluation of both the online and the live merged reference environment is crucial and will be necessary to determine what is working and what is not. This paper will discuss plans for current and future assessment of digital reference including e-mail, live online reference, and online instruction. 相似文献
9.
《Library Acquisitions: Practice & Theory #》1993,17(2):165-173
This paper focuses on the role of librarians in the technological environment of the future. The accessing and collecting of information generated by electronic means and distributed by new electronic media and the attendant challenges presented to acquisitions and collection management librarians are discussed here. Librarians will experience changes in expectations of products and services of vendors and publishers. Vendors and publishers will make changes in what they offer to libraries to stay competitive in an age of electronic information exchange and delivery. Acquisitions librarians will find themselves straddling two worlds, the traditional and the electronic, to meet the information needs of contemporary library users. 相似文献
10.
Jean‐Franois Lger 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2014,57(1):29-44
This article presents an interpretive planner's perspective on the relevance to his work of the Ideas/People/Objects (IPO) visitor experience typology formulated by Pekarik and Mogel ( 2010 ). The value of IPO in shaping the visitor experience for an exhibition on Haitian Vodou is illustrated in practice from the perspective of a number of interpretive and exhibition design tools, with a focus on how the theory was applied on the ground. The success of the model hinges on fusing what are traditionally perceived as distinct approaches to interpretation (intellectual, personal or aesthetic), thus enriching the visitor experience and increasing satisfaction. In conclusion, the success of the approach is evaluated in terms of visitor comments. 相似文献
11.
Pornography use is often associated with less-progressive sex-role attitudes, such as endorsement of a sexual double standard between heterosexual partners, but the process by which this relationship occurs is still largely unexamined. The present study was conducted to examine how perceptions about pornography may play a role in the relationship between pornography use and sex-role attitudes. Perceived general acceptance and perceived influence of pornography on most people partially mediated the relationship between pornography use and sex-role attitudes. The more participants reported using pornography, the more they believed pornography was generally accepted and had a positive influence; however, conversely to what was hypothesized, the more positive they perceived pornography’s influence, the less likely they were to report sex-role attitudes that endorse a sexual double standard. 相似文献
12.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(2):101803
Various types of algorithms are being increasingly used to support public decision-making, yet we do not know how these different algorithm types affect citizens' attitudes and behaviors in specific public affairs. Drawing on public value theory, this study uses a survey experiment to compare the effects of rule-driven versus data-driven algorithmic decision-making (ADM) on citizens' perceived fairness and acceptance. This study also examines the moderating role of familiarity with public affairs and the mediating role of perceived fairness on the relationship. The findings show that rule-driven ADM is generally perceived as fairer and more acceptable than data-driven ADM. Low familiarity with public affairs strengthens citizens' perceived fairness and acceptance of rule-driven ADM more than data-driven ADM, and citizens' perceived fairness plays a significant mediating role in the effect of rule-driven ADM on citizens' acceptance behaviors. These findings further imply that citizens' perceived fairness and acceptance of ADM is strongly shaped by how they perceive familiarity of the decision-making context. In high-familiarity AI application scenarios, the realization of public values may ultimately not be what matters for ADM acceptance among citizens. 相似文献
13.
This paper examines what readers value in printed and electronic journals based on the experience of the SuperJournal Project. Data were collected at the start of the project on how academic readers use printed journals and the library, their views on the advantages and disadvantages of print as a medium, and their expectations for electronic journals. At the end of the project, they were asked what they valued in the electronic journals delivered by SuperJournal and what they would most value in future services. Core requirements for electronic journal services are a wide range of journals, timeliness, fast access and ease of use. The key benefits from the user's point of view are convenience, saving time and efficiency. 相似文献
14.
Tara J. Brigham 《Medical reference services quarterly》2013,32(4):443-450
Personas are researched-based user archetypes which can help uncover gaps, highlight new opportunities, and inform the functionality of a space, resource, or service. Personas are a useful tool for organizations, such as libraries, which are interested in improving the user experience, since they tap into users' expectations, behaviors, and attitudes. This column will explain what personas are, the advantages and disadvantages of using personas, and where personas are used. A list of resources for exploring and creating personas is also provided. 相似文献
15.
《Research Strategies》2001,18(3):191-201
In March 2000, all 188 University of Southern Colorado (USC) nonlibrary faculty members were surveyed to determine their needs and opinions regarding library research instruction. Forty-four (23.40%) of the faculty responded to questions concerning their past experiences with library research instruction, the frequency with which they use various library and Internet resources, the types of library research instruction they currently use with their students, and their level of support for proposed new programs. Results showed an overwhelming interest on the part of respondents for an online library research skills tutorial. The survey also revealed the need for professional development opportunities for faculty. A higher proportion of respondents with 10 years or less of teaching experience than those with more than 10 years of experience indicated they had received formal library instruction from a librarian. However, no direct correlation could be shown between years of teaching experience and respondents' perceived value of library research instruction. Nor did a correlation exist to show that respondents with fewer years of teaching experience were more likely to ask a librarian to provide formal library instruction to their students. In fact, respondents with more than 20 years of teaching experience provided most types of library instruction more often than less experienced respondents. Overall, USC faculty rated their students' abilities to conduct library research very low. However, they had slightly more confidence in their students' abilities to find, evaluate, and use information they found on the Internet over information from traditional print sources. 相似文献
16.
Debra J. Slone 《Library & information science research》2003,25(4):403-418
This study analyzed observations and interviews of 31 participants, who were divided into six age groups, to understand the influence of end-user goals and experience on Internet search approaches. Users who lacked experience approached the Internet similarly no matter what the age group. Children and older adults were more likely to lack online search experience than other users. In addition, children and older adults were more homogeneous than other users in that they had a narrow range of situational goals, whereas users in other groups had a wide range of situational goals. The study has implications for user services and research in end-user searching. An understanding of the influence of age, experience, and goals on Internet search patterns might guide how, how much, and in what format information should be presented in the future. Knowledge gained from this study can also form the basis of hypotheses for larger studies. 相似文献
17.
Effectiveness of an information program requires cooperation between those who make decisions and those who explain them to the various persons and groups affected. This study explores difficulties between public affairs officers and their commanders in the U. S. Air Force. A census survey, analyzing questionnaire responses of 118 com’ manding officers, compared preferred to perceived actual time allocations of their public affairs officers across sixteen job assignments. Results indicate low levels of agreement between what commanders perceive as happening and what they prefer. Discussion focuses on four specific problem areas and possible explanations. Directions for improved working relationships are identified. 相似文献
18.
Alison Circle 《Public Library Quarterly》2013,32(4):356-374
ABSTRACTPublic libraries today are gingerly stepping into the emerging philosophy among successful businesses around the world: customer experience. Libraries are hiring staff with “customer experience” in their title, others are curious and want to learn more. Most of the resources currently available to libraries hoping to get started take a corporate approach particularly as it impacts financial success. The bottom line is that all of us are in the customer experience business, whether we know it or not. It goes to the heart of everything we do – how staff interact with the public and each other, the value libraries provide to a community, even the cleanliness of the restrooms. Additionally, many of those companies that library users experience in their daily lives – health care, insurance, retail – have already jumped on the customer experience bandwagon, overall raising the public’s expectation of what they should experience in libraries. How and where to start? How does a library build a road map to develop a customer experience philosophy and culture, which staff will embrace and support? When building a new library how do you design that building using a customer experience lens? Columbus Metropolitan Library has spent the last 5 years mapping out a customer experience practice, which includes staff training, journey mapping, customer insights, customer engagement training, and library design. 相似文献
19.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(3-4):403-406
Abstract Planning for the next millennium focuses on the acquisition of electronic formats and resource sharing with local libraries to extend access to information and remote electronic resources. How will we decide what our users need and whether they will use electronic resources as well as they currently use paper resources? Using a variety of computer resources, surveys, and circulation statistics, we determine what journals are essential for faculty needs in teaching, research and continuing education, and how we can best utilize combinations of electronic and print resources to position the medical library to move into the future without sacrificing the past. What role will the medical publisher play in this scenario and what are some likely trends in the medical publishing industry as the millennium approaches?. 相似文献
20.
Educational psychologists have investigated which learning strategies are most effective at promoting long-term learning. The best strategies involve students generating knowledge through sustained engagement. Two of the most valuable strategies are distributing learning over time and testing oneself. Resource-based assignments should require students to submit drafts for formative feedback to promote successive relearning. Students generate understanding through selecting what to pay attention to, organizing what they learn, and integrating it with what they already know. Learning is not easy, students need to experience desirable difficulties to truly learn. 相似文献