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1.
《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2013,18(2):123-137
Despite considerable effort, progress in ‘closing the gap’ in literacy and in school retention in Indigenous communities is very slow. The reasons for continuing problems are many and various and are generally known at social and environmental levels. In this paper, I identify and emphasize the importance of proximal factors in understanding difficulties in learning to read competently. These are influences that are closer to the actual process of learning to read, since they reside within the child and family, and strongly influence the early pathways into success in reading. These factors are not specific, they apply to all beginning readers, but they have been neglected in the many attempts to improve academic success in Indigenous children. They include particularly a degree of competence in the English language and knowledge of the basic building blocks of successful reading skills. While no-one would deny that maintaining Indigenous cultural languages is important, the hard fact is that all children need to read the English language if they are to fulfill their educational promise in Australian society. Early failure in this task sets up risks of entrenched learning difficulties and a cascade of negative effects on school experiences and on social adaptation and mental health. Hence, prevention and early intervention to prepare children for school is critical to their futures. I argue that collaboration with families and communities in attending to the need for building school readiness in their children is essential for better outcomes in Indigenous education. In addition, better training in teaching methods based on the science of reading is a basic necessity if teachers are to meet the challenges they find in their classrooms. 相似文献
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The article draws on the elements of poststructural theory to explore the mismatches and alignments in language and literacy teaching discourses in urban Fijian primary schools. More specifically, it compares the liberal progressivism of whole language and literacy pedagogies with the culturalism that informs a key reading resource in the teaching of literacy and language. The constitution of urban Fijian childhoods emerging from these two major discourses is then compared with several cohorts of urban Fijian children’s own accounts of their lives. Major discursive mismatches and alignments between these discourses and the children’s own expressed life ways are noted. Where alignments exist between sets of discourses, children’s language and literacy development are more likely facilitated. However, where mismatches occur, there are implications not only for children’s effective language and literacy learning but also for more equitable access to language and literacy pedagogies for all Fijian children. 相似文献
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This paper responds to Michael Rosen’s blog entries, ‘How Genre Theory Saved the World’, arguing that genre theory in the tradition of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) has made an important contribution to language and literacy pedagogy. It emerged in the Australian context in about 1980 and was initially developed in response to educational theories that tended to focus on ‘processes of learning’ and the role of the teacher as ‘facilitator’ only of these processes. This was at the expense of more structured and goal-directed language curricula which provide guidance and support to language and literacy learners, especially in learning to write. Genre theory, supported by extensive research using the SF grammar, identifies certain elemental genres for teaching; they are canonical because each is part of an assemblage of related genres, which successful students learn to manipulate, playing with them and adapting them for their own purposes. Learning the genres of a culture is part of learning how that culture means. 相似文献
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John Ashbrook 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2010,26(3):219-238
Published research shows that English speakers gain literacy skills up to the 7‐year level more effectively when taught using a language experience approach rather than a word reading approach (reading common words plus phonic reading). It is suggested that this is because of the almost unique nature of English phonology, that is the strengthening of unstressed syllables when converted to stressed syllables, for example, uhn indipendn’t witnis becomes the systematically distorted form of English, with four changes of vowel, that is reflected in the written form. This means that to read English, speakers must learn a ‘new language’. The research evidence is considered and the implications for teaching are suggested. 相似文献
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Mark A. Pike 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2):133-146
In this article I synthesise and apply elements of political and reading theory to demonstrate how central themes in learners’ lives (such as freedom, faith, autonomy, equality, rationality and rights) can be read and interpreted differently. I suggest that policy and pedagogy for citizenship and democratic education informed by research into reader response can shift the locus of control not simply from state to citizen but towards an understanding of the transaction between the two. To promote ethical participation I propose changes to the ‘text’ of the curriculum and the ‘reading’ stance of learners so that learners are liberated to bring legitimate moral and religious conviction to their readings of state‐sponsored values. I conclude that young citizens are respected and freedom is protected when educational readings become more nuanced and move beyond the polarities of freedom and restraint, autonomy and heteronomy, public and private, aesthetic and efferent, faith and reason, secular and religious or even democratic and faith‐based. 相似文献
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陈新雄 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,(1):1-6
不集中识字是两岸三地现行小学语文教材的特色,这种教学方法跟教学目标背道而驰,教材与语言脱节,不符合儿童的学习心理。因此,在小学语文教育中应施行＂集中识字＂、＂识字教育与书法教育分途＂、＂语文教学与诗歌教学紧密配合＂等改革创新。同时,语文教育应吸收传统蒙学的优点。最终,希望中国的语文教育,使学生们经过小学与中学的十二年教育,无论是阅读或写作,都能纯熟地运用文言与白话两种文体,充分了解前人的智慧与经验,并表达自己的情感与意见。这样,＂弘扬中华民族的文化＂的语文教学总目标才不致流于口头,才能落实生根。 相似文献
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Charles Sarland 《Cambridge Journal of Education》1995,25(2):201-212
There tends to be a division in the approaches taken by research into the process of learning to read. Psychometric approaches associated with functional literacy tend to be opposed to more broadly ethnomethodological approaches associated with ‘real books’ and with claims to more emancipatory status. In this article it is argued that this opposition is counterproductive and that we may need both to re‐evaluate the notion of functional literacy itself and to explore with more care the emancipatory claims made for ‘real books’ approaches. It is suggested, further, that a more multivalent approach to reading research is needed that accounts for the variety of literacy practices at home and in school and explores the cultural and ideological contexts of those practices and the values inherent in them 相似文献
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Jacqueline Lynch 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2017,38(2):164-181
An intervention study was conducted with preschool teachers to address their beliefs and practice in the area of language and literacy. A total of 27 preschool teachers, each from different early childcare centers, participated in three 1-day professional learning sessions over the course of 9 months. Learning sessions focused on three different language and literacy topics. Study participants completed a pre- and post-session questionnaire and were observed in the classroom before and after each session. Significant differences were observed in both their beliefs and practice after the intervention. Specifically, preschool teachers’ beliefs were related to their practice in two areas: oral language and vocabulary; and book reading. Based on the data, a focus on beliefs and practice in future short-term PL or workshop models may support successful outcomes in teaching practice. 相似文献
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Girls’ schools in the early modern era were largely run by nuns and can therefore be distinguished as Catholic institutions of learning. These schools flourished in the Catholic parts of Europe since the turn of the seventeenth century. Despite their focus on religious education, elementary skills such as reading, writing and sometimes arithmetic were taught as well. Based on curricula, didactical methods and the texts used in class, the article analyses the practices of literacy in Catholic girls’ schools in seventeenth and eighteenth century Germany. As the intentions of school founders and teachers reveal, the acquisition of literacy by the female population was not an end in itself. It rather served the denominational, gender- and class-specific socialisation of the girls. Nevertheless, learning to read and write enabled the girls to participate in the literate culture of their times. The impact of schooling on female literacy can be measured by correlating literacy rates and data on school attendance. Compared to coeducational schools where girls often only learned to read, whereas the boys were also taught writing, girls’ schools proved to be the better alternative. 相似文献
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Robert Fisher 《Literacy》2001,35(2):67-73
We read for many reasons and this paper focuses on one of those – reading for thinking. It reports on the Philosophy in Primary Schools project and argues that one of the best ways teachers can add value to their work in literacy is by incorporating philosophical discussion with children through an approach called Stories for Thinking. It outlines what ‘philosophy for children’ is and how it can be used for developing the thinking skills that underpin literacy and higher order reading skills. It argues that a Stories for Thinking approach can enrich thinking and learning in the literacy hour, and uses evidence from teachers and children to illustrate the effects of the programme on classroom practice and on raising levels of pupil achievement 相似文献
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初中阶段的语文教学与小学语文相比大有不同,学生阅读能力和人文素养的培养在初中语文教学中占据了更大的比重,教师在教学课堂上也对学生也提高了要求。语文教学与名著阅读之间是密不可分的,因此教师要带领学生进行名著阅读和赏析,让学生了解一本书的文采和信息,了解名著的内涵和文字的魅力,提高学生学习初中语文课程的能力,帮助学生改善学习方法。 相似文献
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王燕英 《苏州教育学院学报》2012,29(3):107-108
语文阅读教学是小学语文教学的重要组成部分,是小学生语文素养形成和发展的重要基础课程。教师应以《语文课程标准》为依据,以语文阅读课程教学为主,以课外阅读为辅,结合学生的特点,用灵活多样的教学方法,以提高学生阅读能力、提升语文素养为目标,开展有针对性、实效性的语文阅读教学。 相似文献
14.
Relations between early reading and writing skills among Spanish-speaking language minority children
Although there is a growing body of literature on the development of reading skills of Spanish-speaking language minority children, little research has focused on the development of writing skills in this population. This study evaluated whether children’s Spanish early reading skills (i.e., print knowledge, phonological awareness, oral language) were related to their Spanish and English early writing skills using a sample of 554 children whose home language was Spanish. Multivariate regression analyses with simultaneous outcomes (Spanish and English invented spelling skills) were conducted to evaluate whether children’s early reading and writing skills were related across languages. Results indicated that children’s print knowledge and phonological awareness skills, but not oral language skills, were significantly related to their Spanish and English invented spelling skills. Spanish early literacy skills were not differentially related to Spanish and English reading and writing skills. The magnitude of the relations between print knowledge and oral language skills and children’s invented spelling skills varied as a function of child age; however, the magnitude of the relation between phonological awareness and invented spelling skills did not differ as a function of child age. Furthermore, results suggested that language minority children’s early reading and writing skills are related but distinct constructs and that children may be able to apply information gained from learning to read and write in their first language when learning to write in their second language. 相似文献
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教学暗示具有独特的价值与功能,它普遍存在于小学课堂教学中。小学语文教学由识字写字、阅读、写作、口语交际等几大部分构成,各部分都能运用多种暗示方法有效实施教学。小学语文教师巧妙而灵活地运用教学暗示有助于：在识字写字教学中激发学生的学习热情,在阅读教学中调动学生思维的主动性,在写作教学中培养学生的写作兴趣,在口语交际教学中增强学生表达的勇气。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTToday, reading aloud is considered ‘a significant component of instruction across grade levels’; particularly as a tool for teaching reading in elementary classrooms. It is basically an essential literacy practice for all student teachers to understand how to implement. In this study, authors understand the importance of modelling effective read-aloud practices and they demonstrate how they support engagement in reading and writing instruction with undergraduate students. Student teachers responded to the read alouds using reflective essays, and tables. Themes emerged that indicated that the use of read alouds in the undergraduate classrooms enhanced their understanding of identity, pedagogy, and empathy. 相似文献
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龙慧 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(7):19-20,4
听说读写译是英语学习的基本技能,培养学生的听说读写译能力是大学英语教学的主要目标。在英语作为外语教学的大学英语教学中,强化学生读写技能的培养,从读写技能训练入手,有助于学生英语综合应用能力的全面提升。 相似文献
18.
This study focused on an intelligent robot which was viewed as a language teaching/learning tool to improve children’s reading ability, reading interest, and learning behavior. The iRobiQ, with its multimedia contents, was employed to encourage children to read, speak, and answer questions. Fifty-seven pre-kindergarteners participated in this study, and they were divided into an experimental group (30 children using iRobiQ) and a control group (27 children using a tablet-PC). After 2 months of experiments, the reading ability of the experimental group was better than that of the control group. It was found that using iRobiQ as a learning tool had many advantages, for example, the enhancement of learners’ reading literacy, in comparison with the use of tablet-PC. In this study, there were three interesting findings: (1) iRobiQ is a more effective learning companion as compared to tablet-PC; (2) iRobiQ is a bidirectional interactive toy; and (3) iRobiQ can foster and promote the peer collaboration and competition because it has intriguing characteristics, particularly its communicative and interactive functions. The bidirectional interactive robots allow pre-kindergarten teachers to create more active and interactive learning environment for children and provide the children with more various learning contents. 相似文献
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The term scientific literacy is defined differently in different contexts. The term literacy simply refers to the ability for one to read and write, but recent studies in language literacy have extended this definition. New literacy research seeks a redefinition in terms of how skills are used rather than how they are learned. Contemporary perspectives on literacy as a transfer of learned skills into daily life practises capture the understanding of what it means to be scientifically literate. Scientific literacy requires students to be able to use their scientific knowledge independently in the everyday world. Some models for teaching towards scientific literacy have been suggested including inquiry‐based learning embedded in constructivist epistemologies. The inquiry‐based model is posited to be effective at bringing about in‐depth understanding of scientific concepts through engaging students’ preconceptions. In order to establish whether directly engaging students’ preconceptions can lead to in‐depth understanding of the science of HIV/AIDS, a case study was designed to elucidate students’ prior knowledge. From questionnaires and classroom observations, Ugandan Grade 11 students’ persistent preconceptions were explored in follow‐up focus group discussions. The inquiry process was used to engage students with their own perceptions of HIV/AIDS during the focus group discussions. Findings suggest that students need to dialogue with each other as they reflect on their beliefs about HIV/AIDS. Dialogue enabled students to challenge their beliefs while making connections between ‘school’ and ‘home’ knowledge. 相似文献
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Teachers are influential in motivating and improving attitudes towards reading. This article reports on an investigation of eight teachers of 10‐ to 12‐year‐old students from five New Zealand schools and the strategies they used to improve attitudes to reading. Each school had been identified as implementing effective reading programmes by a panel of literacy experts and supported by standardised tests demonstrating overall improvements in reading achievement. A reading culture developed by using sophisticated picture books and novels for discussion and debate along with ready access to age‐related, high‐interest appropriate books in the classroom and school library. Teachers worked with children on a whole class, group and individually and demonstrated explicit teaching using texts that engage the reader. The research suggests that children need support by their teachers to negotiate them away from potential points of discouragement in learning to read. Also, teachers need to be aware that reading may not be considered ‘cool’ at this time of early adolescence and initiate strategies to make reading fun. 相似文献