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1.
Written texts produced by 10 Italian deaf native signers in four different writing tasks were analyzed. Data analysis focused on linguistic and orthographic nonstandard forms. The written production of deaf subjects with deaf parents (DD) was compared to the written production in two control groups: a group of 10 hearing subjects with deaf parents (HD) and a group of 10 subjects who have had no contact with deaf people or sign language (HH). The results duplicate findings from previous studies. Deaf subjects display a pattern of selective difficulty with Italian grammatical morphology, especially with free-standing function words. The four different writing tasks used in the present study yield results indicating that text type does influence our assessment of deaf writing abilities. A comparison of the texts written by deaf native signers with those of two hearing groups confirms the view that difficulties in the acquisition of written Italian are best explained by deafness itself, not by the influence of a previously acquired Sign Language, and that the specific difficulties with grammatical morphology displayed by our deaf subjects cannot be attributed solely to their limited experience with written Italian. 相似文献
2.
We studied the performance in three genres of Chinese written composition (narration, exposition, and argumentation) of 158 grade 4, 5, and 6 poor Chinese text comprehenders compared with 156 good Chinese text comprehenders. We examined text comprehension and written composition relationship. Verbal working memory (verbal span working memory and operation span working memory) and different levels of linguistic tasks—morphological sensitivity (morphological compounding and morphological chain), sentence processing (syntax construction and syntax integrity), and text comprehension (narrative and expository texts)—were used to predict separately narrative, expository, and argumentation written compositions in these students. Grade for grade, the good text comprehenders outperformed the poor text comprehenders in all tasks, except for morphological chain. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed differential contribution of the tasks to different genres of writing. In particular, text comprehension made unique contribution to argumentation writing in the poor text comprehenders. Future studies should ask students to read and write parallel passages in the same genre for better comparison and incorporate both instructional and motivational variables. 相似文献
3.
张玲 《河北广播电视大学学报》2012,17(2):91-93
高职高专学生在大学英语写作中存在着中式英语、语法错误等诸多问题。针对于此,在模因论的指导下,教师可以从词汇、句型、语篇三个方面对学生进行针对性的辅导与训练,纠正学生的错误,使之逐渐摆脱中文的影响,提高英语写作的能力。 相似文献
4.
Kenn Apel 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(5):440-463
Kindergarteners (M age = 6;2) were exposed to novel spoken nonwords and their written forms within a storybook reading context. Following each of 12 stories, the children were required to spell and identify 12 novel written nonwords and then verbally produce and comprehend the spoken version of those words. Results indicated the children acquired initial specific phonological and orthographic representations. Spoken and written word learning skills were strongly associated and both were influenced by the words' linguistic regularities. Spoken word learning ability explained 62% of the variance on a spelling measure, whereas written word learning ability predicted 42% of the variance on a reading measure. The results provide evidence that beginning readers employ simultaneously a mutually shared learning mechanism that is sensitive to statistical regularities of words when engaged in the process of learning new spoken words and their written forms. 相似文献
5.
Mirjam Trapman Amos van Gelderen Erik van Schooten Jan Hulstijn 《Reading and writing》2018,31(4):893-926
In a longitudinal design, 51 low-achieving adolescents’ development in writing proficiency from Grades 7 to 9 was measured. There were 25 native-Dutch and 26 language-minority students. In addition, the roles of (1) linguistic knowledge, (2) metacognitive knowledge, and (3) linguistic fluency in predicting both the level and development of writing proficiency were assessed. Low-achieving students improved in writing proficiency, the language-minority students more so than the native-Dutch students. Regarding the level of writing proficiency, individual differences between low achieving adolescents could be accounted for by receptive vocabulary, grammatical knowledge, and speed of sentence verification, suggesting that these are important components in low-achieving adolescents’ writing. Regarding development in writing proficiency, grammatical knowledge predicted variation between low-achieving students. Explanations and educational implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
6.
熊荣敏 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2012,32(5):129-130
作为语言服务于人类不同目的的两个不同语式,口语和书面语在语言的各个层面上,既存在着结构上的差异,又是连续共生的关系;将说写结合一起进行写作教学,能够培养学生英语综合写作能力,是英语教学中应注意解决的实际问题。 相似文献
7.
李珊珊 《浙江教育学院学报》2011,(4):12-19
该研究探讨了以写促说模式下影响高职高专学生英语口语语篇能力跨文本迁移的各个因素。采用调查问卷方式收集数据,设计教学实验步骤,实验结束时使用多种测试工具收集数据,并用SPSS和LISREL等统计软件来描绘言语产生过程中各变量对英语口语语篇生成能力的影响路径。研究发现,各变量通过直接或间接方式作用着英语口语语篇能力,其中积极词汇和预制语块知识对其影响最为显著,英语写作、应用语法和自我修补能力居次,语篇表达能力影响不及上述变量,基础语法知识、英语消极词汇和语篇理解能力的影响不够显著。 相似文献
8.
Direct and indirect measures were used to compare the written language abilities of three groups of college students: two with learning disabilities and one without learning disabilities. Main effects were found for group, but not gender. Differences between nonlearning disabled students (NLD) and those with learning disabilities (LD) in writing were evident on both types of measures. Performance by LD students with disabilities in an area other than writing differed depending on the type of measure and often was no different from either of the other two groups. The combined use of direct and indirect measures appeared most effective for examining the complexities of writing produced by all groups. 相似文献
9.
王敏 《宜宾师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(4):91-95
基于小型音体美专业主题写作语料库,名词为中心语的搭配结构错误可分为名字中心语错误和修饰语错误两大类。中英语法层面和语义层面的差异是造成这一错误的深层认知原因。英语教师应针对以上错误进行重点讲解,启发学生利用英文的语义表达习惯和特殊语法结构进行名词词组修饰,以减少此类错误的发生。 相似文献
10.
Nonstandard grammatical forms are often present in the writing of deaf students that are rarely, if ever, seen in the writing of hearing students. With the implementation of Strategic and Interactive Writing Instruction (SIWI) in previous studies, students have demonstrated significant gains in high-level writing skills (e.g., text structure) but have also made gains with English grammar skills. This 1-year study expands on prior research by longitudinally examining the written language growth (i.e., writing length, sentence complexity, sentence awareness, and function words) of 29 deaf middle-school students. A repeated-measures analysis of variance with a between-subjects variable for literacy achievement level was used to examine gains over time and the intervention's efficacy when used with students of various literacy levels. Students, whether high or low achieving, demonstrated statistically significant gains with writing length, sentence complexity, and sentence awareness. Subordinate clauses were found to be an area of difficulty, and follow up strategies are suggested. An analysis of function word data, specifically prepositions and articles, revealed different patterns of written language growth by language group (e.g., American Sign Language users, oral students, users of English-based sign). 相似文献
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12.
胡丁予 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2011,(5):139-140
大学生在注重英语口语的同时却相对忽视了写作中的重要要素与技能。中国英语学习者的写作中常常出现各种各样的问题。在严格区分口语和书面语的特征的基础上,本文旨在通过收集语料来分析非英语专业大学生英语写作中的口语化特征及其产生的可能性原因来指导英语写作,增强英语学习者的语言实际应用能力。 相似文献
13.
本研究做了随班就读轻度智力残疾学生写作能力的调查,目的是了解这一特殊群体写作能力的发展,研究共收集530份3-5年级随班就读轻度智力残疾学生和普通学生的语文考试试卷,对试卷中写作部分的字、词、句、篇进行分析和比较.结果显示,随班就读轻度智力残疾学生的写作能力低于普通学生,且个体差异较大,但随着年级的增长,随班就读轻度智力残疾学生的写作能力在逐渐提高.建议在对随班就读轻度智力残疾学生写作能力的培养上,从低年级起对此类学生加强基础知识教育、充实写作内容,并挑选适合的作文命题逐渐训练随班就读轻度智力残疾学生的写作能力. 相似文献
14.
AbstractLinguistic awareness is crucial in learning literacy. This project has a two-fold aim: to develop the students’ ability to think about language in order to write with accuracy and to lead teachers to promote students’ discussions about their writing difficulties. The study is part of a two-year action-research project developed in primary schools from the Lisbon area, with experimental and control groups. The starting point of the project was the analysis of the problems students of third and fourth grades showed in their writing. The scope of the project includes dictation tasks within an interactionist approach, favouring grammatical discussions leading to the observation and manipulation of linguistic data. 相似文献
15.
Che Kan Leong Man Koon Ho 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2012,59(4):359-378
We trained 36 12-year-old Chinese students with reading disorders in the analysis, synthesis and integration of orthographic constituents of semantic and phonetic bujians (radicals); and also their writing (spelling and composing) skills. These target students were compared with 37 age-controls in a pre-test and post-test design on a number of reading literacy indicators predicated on the “Blueprint of the Reader”. The tasks were: essay writing; morphological compounding; correction of errors; segmentation; text comprehension; fluency; copying of words, and of texts; writing to dictation; and reading aloud words and text. A promax oblique structure analysis of the performance of the 73 students found the tasks clustered into four components. A two (group) × 11 (tasks) multivariate analysis of covariance with the pre-training tasks as covariates followed by analyses of variance showed that the experimental students outperformed their age-peers in essay writing, morphological compounding, correction of errors, text comprehension and reading text aloud. They were also highly satisfied with their training as shown in a questionnaire survey. 相似文献
16.
This study was designed to examine differences and similarities in the writing of 15 language-impaired, 17 dyslexic and 15
typically developing control subjects matched on chronological age. Subjects ranging in age from 11 to 21 years were required
to produce a written language sample using an expository text-retell procedure. The writing of these groups was compared on
eight variables across discourse, T-unit, sentence, and word levels. Control subjects performed better than language-impaired
and dyslexic subjects on all writing variables. Dyslexic subjects showed better performance than the language-impaired subjects
on several variables including, (a) number of T-units, (b) number of ideas, (c) total number of words, and (4) number of different
words while showing comparable performance on percentage of spelling and production of grammatically correct sentences. These
findings support Bishop and Snowling’s [Psychol. Bull. 130 (2004) 858] position that the differences between these two clinical populations exist in the non-phonological dimensions
of language. 相似文献
17.
The purpose of this study was to tap preschoolers’ conceptions about the representational meaning of writing via their notation of sentences having different syntactic and semantic relationships. 60 Hebrew speaking children attending nursery school and kindergarten were individually interviewed. Each child dealt with 10 different pairs of sentences; a written sentence and a spoken one. The semantic relationships between the sentences were different in each pair i.e., identity; total difference; redundancy; entailment and inconsistency. Each time the written sentence was read, first by the experimenter and then together with the child. Then, with the written sentence still in front of him, the child was presented with the spoken sentence and asked to write it down.
Children’s writing-procedures became increasingly differentiated reflecting the relationships between the written model and the spoken sentences. A link was found between the type of semantic relationships and children’s writing-procedures. Results are discussed in terms of level of metalinguistic knowledge involved in writing.
相似文献18.
目前高校学生的语言文字应用能力面临着下降的趋势。采用问卷法,对镇江市三所高校的一百名学生进行有关语言文字应用能力的调查,深入分析存在问题,提出切实可行的对策。旨在为高校更好地培养人才提供参考与依据。 相似文献