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1.
This paper aims to contribute to the lack of design knowledge on digital platforms (DPs), by studying the new and specific context of DPs managed by industrial business associations (IBAs) to improve the internationalisation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). A specific objective is to elicit detailed digital platform’s requirements and features for this particular organisational context. A design science research (DSR) approach is adopted to develop design propositions (the artifact), following the context-intervention-mechanism-outcome logic (CIMO-logic). The design propositions are derived for DPs that can support different types of generative mechanisms of social interaction: information sharing, collaboration, and collective action. The design propositions are obtained by balancing empirical knowledge based on interviews performed with IBAs and SMEs in Portugal and in the UK, with theoretical knowledge from the literature of information systems, DPs and collaborative networks (CNs). The utility of the design propositions is further evaluated by experts and IBAs. The findings are proved to be relevant for practice, mainly for IBAs, SMEs, and digital platform designers to develop more effective collaborative DPs and sociotechnical systems, supporting CNs and the internationalisation needs of SMEs. The knowledge generated in this study brings new design knowledge on DPs, contributing with design propositions translated into tangible and concrete requirements and capabilities, situated in a specific context and empirical setting. 相似文献
2.
A considerable body of literature has demonstrated-- empirically as well as analytically--that information systems need to be situated to the local context of use. Yet for infrastructural information systems that span numerous contexts spread out globally, this is literally prohibitive. For these systems to work, it is necessary to strike a balance between sensitiveness to local contexts and a need to standardize across contexts. We analyze a key element in this, namely, spelling out the (largely invisible) "costs" that the different actors pay to achieve working solutions. Empirically, we draw from an ongoing case study. We analyze the attempts of a maritime classification company with 5500 employees located in 300 sites in 100 countries to develop an infrastructural information system to support the surveying of ships globally. We elaborate design implications and concepts relevant to developing information infrastructures that also apply to the context of developing countries. 相似文献
3.
Pervasive digitization and aggregation of personal health information (PHI), along with artificial intelligence (AI) and other advanced analytical techniques, hold promise of improved health and healthcare services. These advances also pose significant data governance challenges for ensuring value for individual, organizational, and societal stakeholders as well as individual privacy and autonomy. Through a case study of a controversial public-private partnership between Royal Free Trust, a National Health Service hospital system in the United Kingdom, and Alphabet’s AI venture DeepMind Health, we investigate how forms of data governance were adapted, as PHI data flowed into new use contexts, to address concerns of contextual integrity, which is violated when personal information collected in one use context moves to another use context with different norms of appropriateness. 相似文献
4.
药物设计是药品生命周期的起始阶段,也是控制药品风险的关键环节。纳米药物设计是实现风险控制的"源头"治理,设计过程采用的价值敏感设计(价值嵌入)方法是设计者负责任创新意识的展现。由纳米制剂的结构效应和尺寸效应客观决定的纳米药物设计者责任,不仅表现为对纳米药物风险的技术评估(TA)的责任,而且需要从建构论视角探索纳米药物风险的建构性技术评估(CTA)体系。建构性纳米药物风险评估的理论基础是马克思主义的"人本"理论和利益相关者理论。纳米药物设计者实施负责任创新的路径应关注知识提升、道德规范、法律制约及政策导向4个维度。 相似文献
5.
Oliver K. Burmeister 《Ethics and Information Technology》2016,18(3):185-198
Developing technology that accounts for values has been achieved in many areas, including security, gaming, finance, engineering, and many more. The main methodological approach has been that of value sensitive design. But most of the work to date has been on the first of its three stages. The focus of this article is on advances related to its second stage, empirical investigation, and in particular the impact of contextual understanding in that stage. Although lessons can be learnt from other domains, the specific context of dementia means that there are nuances to understanding values, including justice and autonomy, that differ from other areas. The integration of value considerations in the development of assistive technology in dementia is explored in two broad categories: the traditional and ongoing need for fixed decision support, and adaptable decision support technologies. For fixed decision support the A&D Benchmark is particularly useful in design. But for adaptable technologies, that benchmark requires further development, including consideration of the values of additional stakeholders, such as the general public. 相似文献
6.
Understanding user experience (UX) becomes more important in a market-driven design paradigm because it helps designers uncover significant factors, such as user’s preference, usage context, product features, as well as their interrelations. Conventional means, such as questionnaire, survey and self-report with predefined questions and prompts, are used to collect information about users’ experience during various UX studies. However, such data is often limited and restricted by initial setups, and they won’t easily allow designers to identify all critical elements such as user profile, context, related product features, etc. Meanwhile, with widely accessible social media, the volume and velocity of customer-generated data are fast-increasing. While it is generally acknowledged that such data contains important elements in understanding and analyzing UX, extracting them to assist product design remains a challenging issue. In this study, how UX data underlying product design can be isolated and restored from customer online reviews is examined. A faceted conceptual model is proposed to elucidate the crucial factors of UX, which serves as an operational mechanism connecting to product design. A methodology of establishing a UX knowledge base from customer online reviews is then proposed to support UX-centered design activities, which consists of three stages, i.e., UX discovery to extract UX data from a single review, UX data integration to group similar data and UX network formalization to build up the causal dependencies among UX groups. Using a case study on smart mobile phone reviews, examples of UX data discovered are demonstrated and both customers and designers concerned key product features and usage situations are exemplified. This study explores the feasibility to discover valuable UX data as well as their relations automatically for product design and business strategic plan by analyzing a large volume of customer online data. 相似文献
7.
The significance of IT in the context of non-digital social enterprises (SEs) and its influence on the viability of such SEs have been less studied themes in information systems research. In the era of ubiquitous IT, SEs have increasing pressures to cope with the ever-dynamic technological domain while balancing their dual objectives. Data from a single revelatory case of Jaipur Rugs (JR), an SE situated in a developing country context (India), is used to fathom the peculiarities of the SE context with a focus on the sociomaterial phenomena of IT emergence. Using the three fundamental notions of sociomateriality theory (relationality, performativity, and practice) this interpretive study understands the mechanisms underlying the SE’s attempt to balance its financial and social sustainability objectives. Through the innovative use of IT, the SE establishes and maintains shared value, yielding stability and efficiency to the business (financial viability) while simultaneously ensuring scalability and effectiveness of their social impact. This study strengthens the perspective of IT as an emergent phenomenon situated in sociomaterial practices and fills a gap in organizational literature by examining such phenomenon in the rich context of SEs where achieving the balance between dual goals is increasingly dependent on non-human (IT) agents. 相似文献
8.
为实现科技禁毒生态创新发展,有必要推动科技禁毒与科普元宇宙理论技术深度融合。在具身认知理论、情境认知理论和沉浸理论的框架下,基于科普与元宇宙理论融合的需求,分析科普元宇宙整体呈现出的全域感知、精准映射、虚实结合、具身投入、多元化协作和去中心化等典型特征,从基本组成、构成要素、支撑技术和科普能力4个方面设计并构建科技禁毒与科普元宇宙融合的体系结构,包括5个基本组成、4种构成要素、两大支撑技术和5大核心能力。鉴于科普元宇宙在情境、互动、资源和评价等方面优势明显,其在禁毒科普尤其校园禁毒科普应用潜力巨大,未来需要加强科技禁毒的发展基础构筑、发展功能形成和发展逻辑厘清。 相似文献
9.
《Research Policy》2022,51(4):104488
Using a mixed-method approach, we assess the conditions under which digital platforms can successfully deliver their stakeholder value propositions (SVP)—declarative statements that the digital platform makes about how it adds value or solves a problem for target stakeholders—in cities. We examine the popular digital platform Airbnb in the touristic city of Barcelona and analyze the extent to which it delivers its value proposition to guests, hosts, and the city. Evidence suggests that Airbnb in Barcelona closely resembles the existing hotel industry, reinforcing over-tourism and inequality, which explains the adverse reactions Airbnb has faced from the city. We contrast this with the case of a nearby non-touristic city, Igualada, where the platform has delivered on its SVP. Our findings suggest that, while complex and gradual, the process of joint value creation between the digital platform and its stakeholders is possible and can be beneficial under conditions of mutual adjustment and business model adaptation. We uncover the substantive, localized, and dynamic characteristics of the SVP design process and discuss the academic, policymaking, and managerial implications of adequate platform design. 相似文献
10.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):590-600
Although social commerce is an important trend in practice, relatively few research studies have explored the impact of social commerce innovations launched within social networking sites. The deployment of a gift-giving service within a social networking site provides a unique opportunity to study the intersection of technological innovations and social norms and its potential to generate new revenue for ecommerce sites. Using Facebook Gifts as a real-world context for the study, we explore the factor structure of salient user beliefs influencing usage intention, and examine the relationships between beliefs and intention to use the service in a broader nomological network. Instead of adopting constructs from existing models, we started with the elicitation of salient beliefs and proceeded with successive stages of refinement to develop a suitable model. The empirical results show countervailing effects of perceived social utility and perceived convenience of the service on one hand, and low perceived value and privacy concerns on the other. A notable finding is the potential conflict arising between the expectations of effort associated with the procurement of a gift and the common perception of technology as reducing the required effort. The net result is that a technology-mediated gift service in the context of a social networking site runs counter to the social norms associated with traditional gift exchanges. This insight provides evidence of the dual challenge for social commerce initiatives. In order to be successful, new services in this area must leverage the potential of the technology as well as social practices. 相似文献
11.
Francien Dechesne Martijn Warnier Jeroen van den Hoven 《Ethics and Information Technology》2013,15(3):173-181
Information technology is widely used to fulfill societal goals such as safety and security. These application areas put ever changing demands on the functionality of the technology. Designing technological appliances to be reconfigurable, thereby keeping them open to functionalities yet to be determined, will possibly allow the technology to fulfill these changing demands in an efficient way. In this paper we present a first exploration of potential societal and moral issues of reconfigurable sensors developed for application in the safety and security domain, in the context of a large scale R&D-project in the Netherlands. We discuss the subtle distinction between the relevant notions of reconfigurability, function creep, and unrestricted or unforeseen technological affordances. We argue that the feature of reconfigurability makes context of use the central issue in the assessment of the societal and moral impact of the technology. It follows that the design of good policies for new application contexts has to be central in a value sensitive design approach to reconfigurable technology. 相似文献
12.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103273
The domain about what it means to give responsible and human centric recommendations in the context of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based insurance has not yet been fully explored. In this article, we therefore, first provide an in-depth analysis and perform a systematic literature review on (i) the specifications and requirements for such systems from a regulation point of view, (ii) instructions on which data they can rely upon, (iii) which recommender techniques can be used for developing such an advisor, (iv) off-the-shelf components for the trustworthy, responsible, and ethical behavior of this AI-empowered tool. Then, we present a novel approach, based on AI, to suggest insurance coverage for users and families, as well as instructions on how to design such a system. The solution, as proposed in our paper, will be transparent, trustworthy, and responsible to the final users and thus, hopefully, better accepted by customers. After describing a possible system design and architecture, we critically discuss the challenges and opportunities for the deployment of such systems in insurance companies. 相似文献
13.
《Information processing & management》2020,57(5):102301
In this paper we propose a computational approach that applies data mining techniques to analyze the citizen participation recorded in an online digital platform. Differently to previous work, the approach exploits external knowledge extracted from Open Government Data for processing the citizens’ proposals and debates of the platform, enabling to characterize targeted issues and problems, and analyze the levels of discussion, support and controversy raised by the proposals. As a result of our analysis, we derive a number of insights and conclusions of interest and value for both citizens and government stakeholders in decision and policy making tasks. Among others, we show that proposals targeting issues that affect large majorities tend to be supported by citizens and ultimately implemented by the city council, but leave aside other very important issues affecting minority groups. Our study reveals that most controversial, likely relevant, problems do not always receive sufficient attention in e-participation. Moreover, it identifies several types of controversy, related to ideological and socioeconomic factors and political attitudes. 相似文献
14.
在民用飞机机身初步设计和总体定义中,机身截面结构设计是飞机设计的难点之一。根据机身的受力形式、客/货舱布局的不同,机身截面分为多种不同的类型。在设计时,设计人员需结合机身的受力形式,在满足机身客/货舱布局的要求情况下,选择机身截面形式,获取较高的结构效率。本文通过对比两种目前航空界流行的机身截面设计,结合飞机设计实际经验以及相关资料,阐述不同类型机身截面的设计理念,供民用飞机设计人员参考。 相似文献
15.
＂综合设计表达＂课程通过课程内容、教学手段、相关课程整合及开设学期的调整、课程教学团队的组建等教学改革实践,让综合设计表达突破传统的单一的效果表现手段,成为设计师用来深化设计思维,进行设计信息加工、组织、再造与表达的媒介。 相似文献
16.
Contemporary ICTs such as speaking machines and computer games tend to create illusions. Is this ethically problematic? Is it deception? And what kind of “reality” do we presuppose when we talk about illusion in this context? Inspired by work on similarities between ICT design and the art of magic and illusion, responding to literature on deception in robot ethics and related fields, and briefly considering the issue in the context of the history of machines, this paper discusses these questions through the lens of stage magic and illusionism, with the aim of reframing the very question of deception. It investigates if we can take a more positive or at least morally neutral view of magic, illusion, and performance, while still being able to understand and criticize the relevant phenomena, and if we can describe and evaluate these phenomena without recourse to the term “deception” at all. This leads the paper into a discussion about metaphysics and into taking a relational and narrative turn. Replying to Tognazzini, the paper identifies and analyses two metaphysical positions: a narrative and performative non-dualist position is articulated in response to what is taken to be a dualist, in particular Platonic, approach to “deception” phenomena. The latter is critically discussed and replaced by a performative and relational approach which avoids a distant “view from nowhere” metaphysics and brings us back to the phenomena and experience in the performance relation. The paper also reflects on the ethical and political implications of the two positions: for the responsibility of ICT designers and users, which are seen as co-responsible magicians or co-performers, and for the responsibility of those who influence the social structures that shape who has (more) power to deceive or to let others perform. 相似文献
17.
色彩是设计的精髓所在,在网页设计中尤为如此。色彩不仅展现着设计华丽的外表,更是一种具有丰富情感和象征性的语言。因此,体现网站主题、符合浏览者审美的色彩搭配是增添网页视觉吸引力和提升信息传达效率的关键。本论文通过对网页中色彩的特征与作用的分析,结合具体实例,探讨了网页设计中的色彩运用的原则与方法。 相似文献
18.
Anders Albrechtslund 《Ethics and Information Technology》2007,9(1):63-72
This article offers a discussion of the connection between technology and values and, specifically, I take a closer look at
ethically sound design. In order to bring the discussion into a concrete context, the theory of Value Sensitive Design (VSD)
will be the focus point. To illustrate my argument concerning design ethics, the discussion involves a case study of an augmented
window, designed by the VSD Research Lab, which has turned out to be a potentially surveillance-enabling technology. I call
attention to a “positivist problem” that has to do with the connection between the design context and the use context, which
VSD seems to presuppose, and I argue that it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the two, since the designers’ intentions
do not always correspond with the users’ practice; in fact, the relation between design and use is very complex and principally
unpredictable. Thus, a design theory must accept that foresight is limited to anticipation rather than prediction. To overcome
the positivist problem, I suggest a phenomenological approach to technology inspired by Don Ihde’s concept of multistability.
This argument, which is general in nature and thus applies to any theory of design ethics, is intended as a constructive criticism,
which can hopefully contribute to the further development of design ethics. 相似文献
19.
通过对高新技术商业化过程中的横向维度分析研究,归纳出一般意义上的商业化模式,并将商业化模式的实践分为供给导向和需求导向两种类型的应用路径,其中供给导向型路径是由政府主导的技术的商业化过程,而需求导向型路径则是由产业主导的商业化技术的过程。通过比较两种实践路径阐述商业化模式的具体内涵。 相似文献
20.
Patrick Pollok André Amft Kathleen Diener Dirk Lüttgens Frank T. Piller 《Research Policy》2021,50(8):104174
This study adds to the literature on household sector (HHS) innovation by investigating how user and professional designer teams differ in their ability to translate knowledge diversity into collective creative output. We test our hypotheses on a unique data set of more than 5,000 board game design projects conducted by either teams of professional game designers or by hobbyist (user) designers. Our study lends support for the notion that knowledge diversity is a double-edged sword that has opposing effects on the two dimensions of team creativity, novelty and usefulness. We argue and find that teams composed of self-rewarded users in the household sector are better able than teams of professionals to translate the informational benefits of knowledge diversity into novel concepts and game designs. Finally, we find that user teams are in general more likely to create truly creative (i.e. novel and useful) game designs. This particular result emphasizes the relevance of research on HHS innovation and shows that user designers from the HHS are able to conduct collective development work more effectively than teams of professional designers. 相似文献