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1.
Asian students in increasing numbers have over the postwar period decided to go overseas for tertiary education, and an increasing proportion of those overseas students have selected the United States as their place of study. Eight elements of the changing context of Asian-American relations are identified which influence the Asian preference for American higher education:
- The improving Asian-American political links
- The increased volume of Asian-American economic exchange
- The sharp increase in Asian immigration to the United States
- The increasing similarity in the structure and content of Asian and American educational systems
- The absorptive capacity of American higher education
- The quality of American higher education
- The complementarity of Asian demand and American supply
- The opportunities provided in American higher education to cover educational costs through part-time work
2.
Strategies implemented by 12–13 year olds to solve electricity problems are examined. Three factors account for observed strategies:
- type of problem representation, itself dependent on the knowledge base;
- cognitive personality dimensions;
- form of problem statement.
- a strategy based on misconceptions such as the vanishing current model;
- a similar strategy but greater verbalization of doubt;
- rush to use formulas;
- sequential analysis of circuit;
- application of principles learned in class.
3.
Yvonne Buettner 《Education and Information Technologies》2006,11(3-4):257-268
Based upon a nation wide campaign called Public Private Partnership—Schools in the Net (PPP-SiN) (Public Private Partnership—Schule im Netz (PPP-SiN), 2000) we were able to initiate an externally financed project of in-service teacher education. The paper describes the realization of this project. Reflections are given on why teachers hesitate to integrate ICT into their teaching. Media competencies are recognized to be key in this context. We reflect upon the following five questions:
- How do we educate the right thing as well as educate the right way?
- Which ambient conditions must be met?
- Which preliminary actions have to be taken and implemented?
- Which tools, methods and instruments do we need?
- How do we make sure that the transfer of learned knowledge will take place to find its way into successful teaching?
4.
This paper presents results of research concerning the construction of the concept of natural integers by children. By testing the same children, whose school history was known with accuracy, at one year in tervals, we have sought to determine: — How their competence in counting and numeration evolved during this period. — What the mechanisms of this evolution were. — What role school learning played. 相似文献
5.
A. J. Adugbo 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1979,2(3):213-218
Guidance and counselling services, which were introduced to Nigeria in 1959, have recently undergone rapid growth. While the approaches of the formalized guidance services have been largely Western, traditional means of approaching an individual's problems have always existed within Nigerian communities. This article identifies areas of traditional counselling that might be used alongside those of the Western system. The special areas examined were those of mural guidance, vocational counselling, marriage counselling and emotional counselling. Findings include the following:
- Every adult in the society who possesses relevant experience in any problem area is capable of playing the role of a counsellor at least for that particular problem.
- An individual who is considered in need of guidance is invited into counselling.
- The early knowledge that work is essential for every adult provides individuals with appropriate skills of choosing satisfying vocations.
- Individuals proposing marriage undergo counselling.
- Divination offers a reassuring approach to counselling situation.
6.
John Welton 《Higher Education》1983,12(5):597-607
This article examines factors affecting the development and implementation of Education Policy with special reference to the 1981 Education Act for England and Wales. Research is reported about professional practice and administrative behaviour in special education assessment. Six professional and administrative factors are identified which may affect the implementation of the new special education legislation:
- The nature of the professional domain of special education assessment;
- The emergence of competing definitions of special educational need and good practice;
- The concern for professional and administrative accountability;
- The concern for the rights of users of special education provision;
- The politicisation of special education through the development of interest groups;
- The market relations between supply and demand in special education provision.
7.
This survey presents the essentials of a study concerning problem solving ability in children aged 12–13. It forms part of a large project concerning the impact of calculators and computers in school mathematics and the consequences for certain basic abilities. The contents of the survey are in brief: ? definition of problem solving ability; ? test construction; ? interviews; ? supplementary investigations. 相似文献
8.
In June 1988, the SA Minister of Education announced the allocation of $650,000 to boost science and technology in State primary schools. Subsequent allocations have raised funding for Phase 1 and 2 of this ‘SCI-TEC Project’ to over $1m. This level of funding for science and technology in primary schools is unprecedented in Australia. During 1989 the Independent Schools Board sponsored a pilot project along similar lines and in 1990 the Disadvantaged Schools Program of the Catholic Education Office followed suit. Although different structures have been provided, an interactive approach to in-service has been the underpinning for all three projects. This paper examines what has happened in each of these projects so far, and reviews the strategies used to:
- develop interactive models of in-service education.
- involve teachers as effective change agents in their schools
- enhance the impact of focus teachers working in neighbouring schools
- record the insights of all participants in the projects
- maintain accountable procedures when using a model of in-service which rejects a ‘top-down’ approach.
9.
Vanda Lucia Zammuner 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1991,6(2):243-256
This study reports on grade 4 children’s (Ss) knowledge of constraints and characteristics of persuasive written requests (RQ).
- All Ss wrote a first RQ asking money to improve their computer lab.
- Experimental (E) and control (C) Ss evaluated 4 different RQ.
- selected and ordered, out of 30 scrambled sentences, those appropriate for a “good” RQ.
- A week later, E Ss had a collective “training discussion” on requests.
- A week later, E and C Ss wrote a second RQ asking money for their science lab.
10.
Jack Pearpoint 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1989,35(4):491-503
Two basic points are made in this article: -We must make a choice whether we ‘isolate’ people from or ‘include’ people in our communities. Including people is the only viable option. -The key to ‘including’ people is with the very people we most often label as ‘the problems’. These ‘problem people’ can help generate answers when we learn how to listen, and when we offer genuine learning opportunities and valid partnerships with those who have been ‘missed’ and discarded. Examples from various Frontier College programs illustrate these points and elaborate the central philosophy of the College (Student Centred Individualized Learning — SCIL), which is based on the beliefs that: -All are welcome -All belong -All can learn -All have contributions to make The programmes are focused on ‘literacy’, which is a great deal more than reading and writing — it is about what kind of society we want. Literacy is a tool for ‘inclusion’ in communities. It is hard work, and includes love and tears, grief and joy, families and friends. It is based on the Right to Learn, and builds dignity, self esteem and choices. 相似文献
11.
Noel Williams 《Instructional Science》1992,21(1-3):125-138
In this article I describe three key design issues which underlie a CIRG project building an open learning hypertext package for teaching writing skills. These are issues in: ? combining flexible materials with fixed structures; ? giving students real flexibility in learning; ? the nature of interaction in hypertext writing teaching. I outline a design strategy to meet problems in all these areas. 相似文献
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13.
S. L. Kemme 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1981,12(1):43-58
In the article three parts of classroom conversation are studied with respect to the linguistic interference between teacher and pupils. Special attention is given to the reference of words and symbols of teacher and pupils. Some conclusions are: - In classroom conversation we may consider the references of speech act as one of the basic features of learning. - For succesful transfer of references between teacher and pupil, it is necessary that they are handling the same referential frameworks. Those frameworks are very fundamental in every day speech (‘form’ and ‘color’). - Differences in references between teacher and pupils may lead to blockages in the learning. Sometimes they result in learning that is an imitation of teacher behaviour. - To avoid these unwanted effects of learning, the teacher has to ensure that learning takes place within the everyday language of the pupils. So he will have to stimulate the pupils to explicate by themselves what they perceive and what they think. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this research is to study on-line written production in children. Twelve seven year old children and twelve eight year old children were asked to compose two texts (a narrative and a report). They were filmed as they wrote in order to investigate the temporal caracteristics of their composition (pauses, rates…). The results show three main findings: - the rates increases from seven to eight year old. - pauses times varied according to the syntactic organisation of the next sentence. - longer pause times are localized after punctuation marks and before connective. 相似文献
15.
This study deals with the observation of a class composed of children aged 8–9 solving division problems. The analysis aims at differentiating the attitudes of pupils confronted with situations resulting from ‘EMPIRICAL’ learning from those observed in situations involving action resulting from ‘DIALECTIC’ learning. Two learning sequences are described in the course of the study: * The first includes four classical terms which allow the use of empirical methods to find the quotient and the remainder. * The second includes two terms elaborated so that they favour a dialectic of action with the children. * The repetition of drills of the same nature during the first learning sequence does not result in important variations as far as success and solution procedures are concerned. * On the other hand, during the second learning sequence, all pupils use a more economical solution procedure with high level success rate. 相似文献
The observed differences reveal that:
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17.
This is a report on three working groups of the IRTAC European Consultation ‘Career Guidance in Further, Higher and Continuing Education’, University of London, December 16–20, 1983. The three working groups focused their discussion on the following themes: - The expectations of those contemplating further and/or higher education. - The selection and training of the career guidance team. - The design, implementation and evaluation of career guidance programmes. 相似文献
18.
The main purpose of the present research was to check the possibility of measuring the feeling of “intuitive acceptance”, experienced by a subject when he offers an intuitive solution to a problem. It was postulated that two dimensions have to be considered and combined: The level of confidence and the degree of obviousness. Almost all the questions asked referred to the notion of infinity. The subjects were pupils belonging to grades 8 and 9. Three main categories of problematic situations have been identified:
- Problems which got high percentages of correct solutions and high levels of intuitive acceptance.
- Problems which got two types of contradictory solutions, each of them being accepted with moderate intuitiveness.
- Problems which got low frequencies of correct solutions and high frequencies of typical incorrect solutions, the second category presenting higher levels of intuitive acceptance than the first (counter-intuitive problematic situations).
19.
Fred Stopsky 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1975,21(4):493-506
The author has a thorough knowledge of the educational scene in the USA. His critical analyses of the “modern” educational theories developed by J. Holt, H. Kohl, Ch. Silbermann, I. Illich and others, and of their — as yet unresearched — application to institutionalized learning and socialisation processes provide very informative insights into the on-going discussion on reform, even outside his own country. Stopsky points to four factors which have had a pronounced influence on the objectives, direction and progress of curriculum reform:
- The student movement and the stimuli it generated in the civil rights movement and the relations with the “Third World”.
- The subculture of youth, accompanying this protest movement and partly caused by its lack of success, with its typical phenomena of drug consumption and social disintegration.
- The disappointment at the failure of the propagated educational reform to establish, e.g., equality of chances and improve the quality of life, and the effects of raising the standards of performance demanded of under-privileged pupils by means of drastic restrictions on admission and entrance examinations implying social selection for higher educational courses.
- The development of “anti-curricula” in the form and content of “open” or neohumanist education. The favourable reports on experiments with these “pupil-centred” curricula in British schools created a fascinating response from teachers and pupils in the USA, but most colleges rejected the innovation as being anti-intellectual and decided in favour of a “competency based” or “performance based” curriculum.
20.
Dr. Yoram Neumann 《Research in higher education》1977,6(3):275-287
This study tests a model of predicting faculty success in the different fields of chemistry, physics, sociology, and political science. The main hypotheses tested and confirmed are:
- In a field with a low technological development, professional age is more important in predicting faculty success than in a field with a high technological development.
- In a field with a high technological development, articles are more important in predicting faculty success than in a field with a low technological development.
- In a field with a low technological development, books are more important in predicting faculty success than in a field with a high technological development.