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In this paper, we present the state of the art in the field of information retrieval that is relevant for understanding how to design information retrieval systems for children. We describe basic theories of human development to explain the specifics of young users, i.e., their cognitive skills, fine motor skills, knowledge, memory and emotional states in so far as they differ from those of adults. We derive the implications these differences have on the design of information retrieval systems for children. Furthermore, we summarize the main findings about children’s search behavior from multiple user studies. These findings are important to understand children’s information needs, their search strategies and usage of information retrieval systems. We also identify several weaknesses of previous user studies about children’s information-seeking behavior. Guided by the findings of these user studies, we describe challenges for the design of information retrieval systems for young users. We give an overview of algorithms and user interface concepts. We also describe existing information retrieval systems for children, in specific web search engines and digital libraries. We conclude with a discussion of open issues and directions for further research. The survey provided in this paper is important both for designers of information retrieval systems for young users as well as for researchers who start working in this field. 相似文献
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在传统的信息检索中。我们常用检全率、检准率来评价信息检索系统性能和检索效果。随着信息网络化的迅速发展。信息总量的息剧增加。信息交流速度的日益加快，相关性这一信息检索申的关键性概念日益受到人们的重视。本文分析探讨了信息检索中相关性的概念、构成及评价指标，阐述了提高信息检索相关性的措施。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]旨在为信息检索相关性研究提供参考。[方法/过程]以CNKI为数据源,采用定性方法,从信息检索的历史脉络和研究学派进行梳理总结,分析信息检索的影响因素和发展趋势。[结果/结论]信息检索相关性是用户、系统的相关性的综合体,任何一方都不能脱离。相关性应该是以用户为关键,系统为基础,研究用户与检索系统的交互、认知以及真实需求的描述与反馈。随着信息检索相关性研究的深入,系统观与用户观将会相互交融,检索技术与用户需求将会协调统一,共同推进检索相关性的发展。 相似文献
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Fatemeh Lashkari Ebrahim Bagheri Ali A. Ghorbani 《Information processing & management》2019,56(3):733-755
Traditional information retrieval techniques that primarily rely on keyword-based linking of the query and document spaces face challenges such as the vocabulary mismatch problem where relevant documents to a given query might not be retrieved simply due to the use of different terminology for describing the same concepts. As such, semantic search techniques aim to address such limitations of keyword-based retrieval models by incorporating semantic information from standard knowledge bases such as Freebase and DBpedia. The literature has already shown that while the sole consideration of semantic information might not lead to improved retrieval performance over keyword-based search, their consideration enables the retrieval of a set of relevant documents that cannot be retrieved by keyword-based methods. As such, building indices that store and provide access to semantic information during the retrieval process is important. While the process for building and querying keyword-based indices is quite well understood, the incorporation of semantic information within search indices is still an open challenge. Existing work have proposed to build one unified index encompassing both textual and semantic information or to build separate yet integrated indices for each information type but they face limitations such as increased query process time. In this paper, we propose to use neural embeddings-based representations of term, semantic entity, semantic type and documents within the same embedding space to facilitate the development of a unified search index that would consist of these four information types. We perform experiments on standard and widely used document collections including Clueweb09-B and Robust04 to evaluate our proposed indexing strategy from both effectiveness and efficiency perspectives. Based on our experiments, we find that when neural embeddings are used to build inverted indices; hence relaxing the requirement to explicitly observe the posting list key in the indexed document: (a) retrieval efficiency will increase compared to a standard inverted index, hence reduces the index size and query processing time, and (b) while retrieval efficiency, which is the main objective of an efficient indexing mechanism improves using our proposed method, retrieval effectiveness also retains competitive performance compared to the baseline in terms of retrieving a reasonable number of relevant documents from the indexed corpus. 相似文献
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知识检索与信息检索的检索效率比较 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文在对知识检索与信息检索的检索机制分析的基础上，对知识检索与信息检索的检全率、检准率进行了比较，认为知识检索的检索效率优于传统信息检索，同时对影响知识检索效率的因素进行了讨论，指出信息检索要向知识检索过渡和发展，并针对目前网络检索的现状，提出了一些改进措施。 相似文献
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Through the recent NTCIR workshops, patent retrieval casts many challenging issues to information retrieval community. Unlike newspaper articles, patent documents are very long and well structured. These characteristics raise the necessity to reassess existing retrieval techniques that have been mainly developed for structure-less and short documents such as newspapers. This study investigates cluster-based retrieval in the context of invalidity search task of patent retrieval. Cluster-based retrieval assumes that clusters would provide additional evidence to match user’s information need. Thus far, cluster-based retrieval approaches have relied on automatically-created clusters. Fortunately, all patents have manually-assigned cluster information, international patent classification codes. International patent classification is a standard taxonomy for classifying patents, and has currently about 69,000 nodes which are organized into a five-level hierarchical system. Thus, patent documents could provide the best test bed to develop and evaluate cluster-based retrieval techniques. Experiments using the NTCIR-4 patent collection showed that the cluster-based language model could be helpful to improving the cluster-less baseline language model. 相似文献
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Forty-eight years ago Maron and Kuhns published their paper, “On Relevance, Probabilistic Indexing and Information Retrieval” (1960). This was the first paper to present a probabilistic approach to information retrieval, and perhaps the first paper on ranked retrieval. Although it is one of the most widely cited papers in the field of information retrieval, many researchers today may not be familiar with its influence. This paper describes the Maron and Kuhns article and the influence that it has had on the field of information retrieval. 相似文献
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人类进入信息时代尤其是进入大数据时代后,信息数量急剧增长,传统信息检索方式由于其自身不足已经满足不了人们的要求。在用户体验为中心的时代,本文通过对比传统信息检索和可视化信息检索的概念、模型,提出了基于用户体验的可视化信息检索的概念、模型和检索界面,对于提高检索效率和准确性有一定的帮助。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2005,41(5):1101-1119
In this article we investigate the expressions of collaborative activities within information seeking and retrieval processes (IS&R). Generally, information seeking and retrieval is regarded as an individual and isolated process in IR research. We assume that an IS&R situation is not merely an individual effort, but inherently involves various collaborative activities. We present empirical results from a real-life and information-intensive setting within the patent domain, showing that the patent task performance process involves highly collaborative aspects throughout the stages of the information seeking and retrieval process. Furthermore, we show that these activities may be categorised and related to different stages in an information seeking and retrieval process. Therefore, the assumption that information retrieval performance is purely individual needs to be reconsidered. Finally, we also propose a refined IR framework involving collaborative aspects. 相似文献
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用户认知观视野中的情报检索 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
回溯了情报检索的历程及研究的重点线路，分析了传统的情报检索及情报检索系统存在的一些难题。针对这些问题，指出了应从用户认知观角度来探索情报检索研究，说明了用户认知观的研究对情报检索理论带来的影响，并从用户认知观的角度对情报检索系统的开发提出了一些设想。 相似文献
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本文主要介绍了目前我国网络信息检索用户研究的3个方面,即用户的网络信息检索行为研究现状、用户因素对于网络信息检索过程以及效率的影响以及用户模型构建方面的研究。然后介绍了现有的网络信息检索用户主要的调查方法,最后提出了对于网络信息检索用户研究的展望。 相似文献
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回顾信息检索课的发展历程,论述信息检索课的内涵和网络条件下开设信息检索课的意义,介绍改进信息检索课教学取得的成果。认为调整教学内容、加强信息素养教育,改革教学方法和教学手段、提升网络时代学生自主学习能力,学用结合、在实习中培养学生的创新意识,改革教学质量评价体系、将创新作为重要考核指标,是今后信息检索课教学发展的主要方向。 相似文献
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用户当前正在浏览的网页内容有助于说明用户的即时信息需求.在现有相关研究的基础上提出了一种基于上下文的Web即时信息检索方法,该方法允许用户从正在浏览的网页中选择一段文本作为原始检索条件,由检索系统从其上下文中提取一级扩展词和二级扩展词来形成新的检索条件进行检索,并将检索结果按相似度从大到小的顺序呈现给用户. 相似文献
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电力科技查新网络服务平台的构建与发展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
朱亚华 《科技成果管理与研究》2009,(1):16-19
传统的查新工作是以电话和传真为接待方式;以远程联机国内外数据库为检索手段;以馆藏资料为手工检索对象。查新管理处于资源分散、设备陈旧、服务手段落后的困境。国网信息通信有限公司根据电力科技查新资源和服务的现状,从技术先进性、实用性及可持续发展出发,将工作方式进入了自动化、数字化、网络化、整体化构建的新阶段。与传统的资源建设、服务模式、管理手段比较,克服了地域和时间的障碍,具有快捷、便利的优势,为电力科技管理创新的评价提供了信息支撑平台。本文着重介绍了查新文献资源和服务平台的建设背景、环境建设、资源建设、服务特点等方面。 相似文献
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论自然语言检索 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
With its advantages in information retrieval, such as simple in indexing and convenient in information re-trieval, natural language is now widely used in idonnafion retrieval and network retrieval. However, due to some charac-teristics of the natural language itself, its retrieval result is usually tmsafisfactory. This paper sumamrizes several main fac-tots that restrict natural language retrieval and introduces a concept space method to improve its retrieval efficiency. 相似文献