共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
In image retrieval, most systems lack user-centred evaluation since they are assessed by some chosen ground truth dataset. The results reported through precision and recall assessed against the ground truth are thought of as being an acceptable surrogate for the judgment of real users. Much current research focuses on automatically assigning keywords to images for enhancing retrieval effectiveness. However, evaluation methods are usually based on system-level assessment, e.g. classification accuracy based on some chosen ground truth dataset. In this paper, we present a qualitative evaluation methodology for automatic image indexing systems. The automatic indexing task is formulated as one of image annotation, or automatic metadata generation for images. The evaluation is composed of two individual methods. First, the automatic indexing annotation results are assessed by human subjects. Second, the subjects are asked to annotate some chosen images as the test set whose annotations are used as ground truth. Then, the system is tested by the test set whose annotation results are judged against the ground truth. Only one of these methods is reported for most systems on which user-centred evaluation are conducted. We believe that both methods need to be considered for full evaluation. We also provide an example evaluation of our system based on this methodology. According to this study, our proposed evaluation methodology is able to provide deeper understanding of the system’s performance. 相似文献
2.
This study investigated whether and how different factors in relation to task, user-perceived knowledge, search process, and system affect users’ search tactic selection. Thirty-one participants, representing the general public with their own tasks, were recruited for this study. Multiple methods were employed to collect data, including pre-questionnaire, verbal protocols, log analysis, diaries, and post-questionnaires. Statistical analysis revealed that seven factors were significantly associated with tactic selection. These factors consist of work task types, search task types, familiarity with topic, search skills, search session length, search phases, and system types. Moreover, the study also discovered, qualitatively, in what ways these factors influence the selection of search tactics. Based on the findings, the authors discuss practical implications for system design to support users’ application of multiple search tactics for each factor. 相似文献
3.
组织社会化策略、工作嵌入及新员工离职意向研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以工作嵌入作为中介变量,以210位新员工为调查样本,分析了组织社会化策略对新员工离职意向影响的理论机制。研究显示,工作嵌入与离职意向显著负相关,组织社会化策略显著影响新员工的工作嵌入,但就影响的统计显著性与经济显著性而言,情境策略对匹配和牺牲维度、内容策略对牺牲维度、社会策略对联结维度的影响最为显著;工作嵌入在组织社会化策略对新员工离职意向的影响中发挥部分中介效应。 相似文献
4.
A variety of the web-mining techniques are now being extensively utilized to extract useful knowledge about customer behaviors on the Internet. However, the naive interpretation of the web-mining results would lead to poor decision on customer behaviors, which is likely to cause waste of time and efforts on managing electronic commerce strategy. To overcome this pitfall, this study proposes using the cognitive map-based interpretation of the web-mining results. Conventional approach to obtaining the web-mining results is based on the association rule approach (ARA), while the cognitive map approach (CMA) is believed to provide more robust support in interpreting the web-mining results. Therefore, to compare the interpretation capability of the two approaches, the four constructs such as perceived usefulness, causality, information richness, users’ attitude and intention to use the approaches are adopted in the research model and tested against the questionnaire data. The test results obtained through applying the structural equation models reveal that CMA is comparable to ARA and the cognitive map has a great potential in helping enrich the interpretation of the web mining results and build more effective Internet business strategy. 相似文献
5.
图像在获取和传输过程中,会受到各种噪声的干扰,使图像退化,质量下降,对分析图像不利。图像的平滑或去噪一直是数字图像处理技术中的一项重要工作。为此,论述了在空间域中的各种数字图像平滑技术方法。 相似文献
6.
核心产业的数字化培育、地区数字经济新基建,是地方政府刺激企业数字化转型的两种手段。基于“行业/地区制度环境——管理者认知——企业数字化转型”这一逻辑,探讨企业数字化转型的制度前因及认知过程。借助双向固定效应回归模型和机器学习的量化文本分析法,研究发现：第一,产业数字化显著促进企业数字化转型,但地区数字经济的促进作用未得到验证。表明企业数字化转型更多的是“随行就市”（迎合行业制度）而不是“入乡随俗”（迎合地区制度）。第二,地区数字经济正向调节产业数字化与企业数字化转型的关系,也即是地区数字经济起到助推作用。第三,决策者数字化注意力在“制度环境——企业决策”中起到正向传导的中介作用。研究探讨了不同的制度压力是否及如何影响企业数字化转型,为政府数字化建设的政策方向调整,以及企业决策者的认知管理提供了参考建议 相似文献
7.
【目的/意义】突发公共卫生事件使得大学生用户的健康信息搜寻行为更加频繁,探索健康信息搜寻过程中
的意图不仅有助于了解大学生用户信息需求和行为特征,还可以揭示其认知规律,为健康信息服务平台建设提供
理论依据。【方法/过程】使用日记法、移动经验采样法和关键事件技术获取大学生用户的突发公共卫生事件中的健
康信息搜寻数据,并使用开放式编码、社会网络分析方法和马尔可夫链对健康信息搜寻意图、搜寻意图跳转路径、
意图跳转模式及其中的主题分布进行分析。【结果/结论】研究结果显示,在突发公共卫生事件中,无目的搜寻是健
康信息搜寻的典型方式;其次,意图跳转路径不仅具有机会主义跳转和辅助性跳转两种类型,而且存在迭代探索、
偶遇驱动和查询重构模式;最后,意图与主题高度关联,不同意图驱动下主题差异明显。【创新/局限】本文从连续性
视角挖掘出意图跳转模式,揭示了用户认知过程。不足之处在于样本类型较为单一。 相似文献
8.
《Information processing & management》2016,52(6):1200-1226
Search log analysis has become a common practice to gain insights into user search behaviour: it helps gain an understanding of user needs and preferences, as well as an insight into how well a system supports such needs. Currently, log analysis is typically focused on low-level user actions, i.e. logged events such as issued queries and clicked results, and often only a selection of such events are logged and analysed. However, types of logged events may differ widely from interface to interface, making comparison between systems difficult. Further, the interpretation of the meaning of and subsequent analysis of a selection of events may lead to conclusions out of context— e.g. the statistics of observed query reformulations may be influenced by the existence of a relevance feedback component. Alternatively, in lab studies user activities can be analysed at a higher level, such as search tactics and strategies, abstracted away from detailed interface implementation. Unfortunately, until now the required manual codings that map logged events to higher-level interpretations have prevented large-scale use of this type of analysis. In this paper, we propose a new method for analysing search logs by (semi-)automatically identifying user search tactics from logged events, allowing large-scale analysis that is comparable across search systems. In addition, as the resulting analysis is at a tactical level we reduce potential issues surrounding the need for interpretation of low-level user actions for log analysis. We validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed tactic identification method using logs of two reference search systems of different natures: a product search system and a video search system. With the identified tactics, we perform a series of novel log analyses in terms of entropy rate of user search tactic sequences, demonstrating how this type of analysis allows comparisons of user search behaviours across systems of different nature and design. This analysis provides insights not achievable with traditional log analysis. 相似文献
9.
10.
【目的/意义】本文基于颜色、纹理等外部特征与局部视觉特征构成的底层语义特征数据并采用随机森林的
方法对医学图像信息进行语义自动标注,为医务工作者提供临床决策参考,便于普通公众理解医学知识和了解个
人健康情况,也可以在大数据环境下扩展图书情报领域研究人员对信息组织与处理的范围,促进学科交叉与融合,
提升智慧医学的发展,为健康中国战略提供智力与技术支持。【方法/过程】融合图书情报领域知识与医学知识,将
图像语义标注看作为一个多类分类问题,首先,抽取颜色、纹理等外部特征及局部视觉特征等底层语义特征;然后,
运用随机森林的方法,设计了基于随机森林的医学图像自动标注方案。【结果/结论】融合底层语义特征的医学图像
信息自动标注的方案与随机树标注方案相比较,具有较好的效果。【创新/局限】将视觉语义词典作为医学图像的底
层语义特征引入到图像标注中;运用随机森林构建的医学图像标注方案;局限在于仅采用BreaKHis数据集为实验
数据。 相似文献
11.
在分析一些常见的图像超分辨方法的基础上,根据张量在图像处理中的应用和插值处理的特点,提出了一种基于张量的单幅图像超分辨处理方法,以提高图像的分辨率。通过对标准图像库的图像进行实验表明,该方法能较好地保持原图像中丰富的高频信息,提高图像分辨率,而且图像主观上具有很好的视觉效果,客观上具有较高的信噪比,是超分辨率图像处理中一种行之有效的方法。 相似文献
12.
随着Web2.0的逐步发展, 海量用户生成的图像信息充斥于各大网络平台, 图像自动标注技术逐步成为图像检索以及图像理解的关键问题之一。该文主要通过对现有图像自动标注方法的文献进行收集和整理, 在比较、分析各种方法相关理论和实现技术的基础上, 对图像自动标注方法研究进展进行评述;并归纳了各种方法的优势与不足。得出结论:图像自动标注方法和图像处理技术仍然需要从机器学习方面进一步的研究与改进, 且可以从图像信息的标注拓展到视频信息的标注。 相似文献
13.
注释是翻译中一个重要的环节,是翻译功能补偿的一种手段。张谷若先生的译作中注释数量多、精确度高,无疑是文学译品中的上乘之作。本文将结合张谷若的译作《无名的裘德》中的注释特点,来探讨翻译时必须加注的原因以及加注的原则。 相似文献
14.
Jae-wook Ahn Peter Brusilovsky Jonathan Grady Daqing He Radu Florian 《Information processing & management》2010,46(4):383-402
The system presented in this article aims to improve information access through the use of semantic annotation utilizing a non-traditional approach. Instead of applying semantic annotations to enhance the internal information access mechanisms, we use them to empower the user of an information access system through an innovative named entity-based user interface – NameSieve. NameSieve was built to support an intelligence analyst during the process of exploratory search, an advanced type of search requiring multiple iterations of retrieval interleaved with browsing and analyzing the retrieved information. The proposed approach was implemented in the NameSieve system so that the system can transparently present a summary of search results in the form of entity “clouds.” Therefore, these clouds allow the analyst to further explore the results in a novel manner, acting together as a faceted browsing interface. We ran a user study (with ten subjects) to examine the effect of NameSieve, and the study results reported in the paper demonstrate that this new way of applying semantic annotation information was actively used and was evaluated positively by the subjects. It enabled the subjects to work more productively and bring back most relevant documents. 相似文献
15.
在被许可厂商拥有技术应用私人信息的前提下讨论了不参与生产的专利权人技术许可策略。首先分析专利权人的全面许可策略,再将择优许可策略考虑进来,比较这两种许可策略,发现专利权人对这两种策略的取舍依赖于技术应用类型所对应概率的高低,并给出了采用各种许可策略所对应的概率取值区间。该结论拓展了信息不对称下技术许可的研究思路,为建立有效的技术转让定价机制提供参考。 相似文献
16.
Intermediary actors have been proposed as key catalysts that speed up change towards more sustainable socio-technical systems. Research on this topic has gradually gained traction since 2009, but has been complicated by the inconsistency regarding what intermediaries are in the context of such transitions and which activities they focus on, or should focus on. We briefly elaborate on the conceptual foundations of the studies of intermediaries in transitions, and how intermediaries have been connected to different transition theories. This shows the divergence – and sometimes a lack – of conceptual foundations in this research. In terms of transitions theories, many studies connect to the multi-level perspective and strategic niche management, while intermediaries in technological innovation systems and transition management have been much less explored. We aim to bring more clarity to the topic of intermediaries in transitions by providing a definition of transition intermediaries and a typology of five intermediary types that is sensitive to the emergence, neutrality and goals of intermediary actors as well as their context and level of action. Some intermediaries are specifically set up to facilitate transitions, while others grow into the role during the process of socio-technical change. Based on the study, as an important consideration for future innovation governance, we argue that systemic and niche intermediaries are the most crucial forms of intermediary actors in transitions, but they need to be complemented by a full ecology of intermediaries, including regime-based transition intermediaries, process intermediaries and user intermediaries. 相似文献
17.
Many of the approaches to image retrieval on the Web have their basis in text retrieval. However, when searchers are asked to describe their image needs, the resulting query is often short and potentially ambiguous. The solution we propose is to perform automatic query expansion using Wikipedia as the source knowledge base, resulting in a diversification of the search results. The outcome is a broad range of images that represent the various possible interpretations of the query. In order to assist the searcher in finding images that match their specific intentions for the query, we have developed an image organization method that uses both the conceptual information associated with each image, and the visual features extracted from the images. This, coupled with a hierarchical organization of the concepts, provides an interactive interface that takes advantage of the searchers’ abilities to recognize relevant concepts, filter and focus the search results based on these concepts, and visually identify relevant images while navigating within the image space. In this paper, we outline the key features of our image retrieval system (CIDER), and present the results of a preliminary user evaluation. The results of this study illustrate the potential benefits that CIDER can provide for searchers conducting image retrieval tasks. 相似文献
18.
全波段CCD系统可广泛用于军事、民事或者刑事图像的摄影及提取分析,它的波长介于200nm-1200nm的光谱范围,包括紫外线、可见光和红外线。通过将不可见光图像实时转化为可见光图像,并实现低照度情况下微弱信号的采集以及高质量图像的采集和处理(需要注意不同光强对图像清晰度的还原有巨大影响作用),使得全波段CCD系统具备了地形地貌扫描、痕迹探查、文件检验、全息摄影和图像处理于一体的强大功能。文章概要介绍了全波段CCD系统的结构、特点与在影像判读技术方面的应用,并选取实验波段CCD进行了初步验证。 相似文献
19.
Hanaa A. Abdallah Rania A. Ghazy Hany Kasban Osama S. Faragallah Abdalhameed A. Shaalan Mohiy M. Hadhoud Moawad I. Dessouky Nawal A. El-Fishawy Saleh A. Alshebeili Fathi E. Abd El-samie 《Information processing & management》2014
In this paper, a new homomorphic image watermarking method implementing the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm is presented. The idea of the proposed method is based on embedding the watermark with the SVD algorithm in the reflectance component after applying the homomorphic transform. The reflectance component contains most of the image features but with low energy, and hence watermarks embedded in this component will be invisible. A block-by-block implementation of the proposed method is also introduced. The watermark embedding on a block-by-block basis makes the watermark more robust to attacks. A comparison study between the proposed method and the traditional SVD watermarking method is presented in the presence of attacks. The proposed method is more robust to various attacks. The embedding of chaotic encrypted watermarks is also investigated in this paper to increase the level of security. 相似文献
20.
我国实施标准战略中的若干重要问题探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文从标准资源的角度阐述标准战略的概念和实施标准战略的意义,提出了标准战略目的是协调、配置、优化和管理各种的标准资源。文章还探讨了如何实施标准战略的若干重要战术问题。非强制性标准结构体系是标准资源利用的最佳形式,国外发达国家已通过立法将其作为国家标准的重要来源。在分析国内外标准化工作的基础上,提出实施我国标准战略的具体措施和办法。 相似文献