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1.
Budget constraints at the local government level towards the provision of public goods have fuelled interest in the voluntary contribution and provision point mechanisms. However, due to their public nature, these mechanisms are not without problems. The literature shows the presence of free riding and socially inefficient contribution levels. This paper experimentally tests the effect of cultural and historical information pertaining to heritage houses in Penang, Malaysia, on public contributions for their conservation. This paper considers a standard linear one-shot four-person public good game and the decision of the subjects being to contribute either to a private or to a public account. We devise 4 treatments: a Control treatment, a treatment where subjects are provided with cultural and historical information pertaining to the heritage houses, a treatment that includes a contribution threshold, and finally a treatment that combines the use of cultural and historical information with the contribution threshold. The main finding shows that 60–75 % of the subjects contributed more than what they believed others in the same group would contribute when they were provided with the pertinent cultural and historical information. Most of the subjects contributed less than their belief, while 75–77 % cooperated ‘selfishly’ in treatments without the information. These findings are in agreement with the literature, namely that contributions are higher in treatments with a contribution threshold. Moreover, the combination of a contribution threshold and cultural information could encourage more pro-social behaviours. 相似文献
2.
Rural buildings have undergone deep changes with the historical transition from traditional agriculture to industrial society. This paper discusses these trends in Italy, focusing on major changes in agriculture, design approach, and land-use planning, referring to some regional cases and relative building typologies. The analysis of the main historical treatises on the subject of farm building design allowed us to evaluate how the evolution of the technical approach influenced the architectural quality of rural buildings. This latter was traditionally based on a close relation between aesthetic values, functionality, and simplicity, broadly acknowledged only recently, as shown by the loss of landscape integration of farm buildings constructed in the last decades. By analysing the processes of reuse of historical buildings and construction of new farm buildings, we have found out different and time-evolving ways of referring to rural heritage and identity. In some cases, they have been considered important references, even through typological evolution aimed at combining traditional values with new needs and available techniques. In other cases, old farm buildings have been considered unsuitable things of the past, or rather have inspired new constructions based on an idealized and mystified concept of rurality. Since landscape integration of rural buildings plays a crucial role in the EU concept of agriculture, the choice of architectural quality postulates to be adopted for the design of new rural buildings is a key theme. Both consistency with pre-industrial tradition and typological discontinuity must necessarily consider consciously the relationships with historical buildings, whose important values have increasingly come to the fore over the last years. Once consistency with historical farm buildings is assumed as a design postulate, contemporary interpretation of traditional typologies through modern building techniques is a very challenging and topical field of study. Various degrees of consistency with traditional typologies are possible. Therefore, this approach calls for the development of analytic and metadesign methods aimed at decomposing rural building typologies into their essential physiognomical features, allowing designers to modulate them to meet ever-changing requirements. 相似文献
3.
Domenica Paoletti Dario Ambrosini Stefano Sfarra Fabio Bisegna 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(2):116-121
Conserving architectural heritage usually requires a multidisciplinary approach involving a variety of professionals and organizations. Since the evaluation of the state of conservation of historical buildings using destructive techniques should be avoided to prevent the integrity of the cultural heritage, the development of non-destructive and non-contact techniques is very important. InfraRed (IR) thermography is a non-destructive powerful tool for fast and accurate building diagnostics. In the investigation of historical structures, where a restoration or conservation treatment can cause irreversible damage to the structure, it is considered to be of most importance. A campaign of thermographic surveys were conducted on a large part of the historical cultural heritage of L’Aquila and its surroundings. In this paper we present the results of the study for the Church of Santa Maria ad Cryptas (XIII century), one of the most ancient buildings in the surroundings of L’Aquila and one of the best examples of Gothic art in Abruzzo, with the aim to evaluate the correspondence between the damage induced by the earthquake and the previous thermographic results, in order to validate the effectiveness of thermography and its role in preventive diagnosis. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2014,15(5):511-521
This article evaluates the compatibility of the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings in Egypt given that a growing number of projects featuring innovative building reuse are currently emerging nationwide. Accordingly, this research focuses on three objectives. The first objective is the evaluation of indicators drawn from literature, namely architectural integrity, public perception, form and new building function, with reference to the specific case of Alexandria National Museum. The second objective is the investigation of the sustainable adaptation of the Museum. The third objective is the assessment of the capacity of the heritage building to meet the criteria for reuse. The integration of the literature review and the case study is verified by examining research indicators. Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, including laypeople and professionals are utilised in the assessment of Alexandria National Museum adaptive reuse project. Research results show that interviewees agree that the process preserved the building's architectural integrity and that its new cultural function (i.e. as a museum) represents the optimal reuse of the building. In addition, the research highlights diversity amongst the stakeholders and the drawbacks of the sustainable adaptation indicator, including the absence of community participation. 相似文献
5.
Mücahit Yildirim 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(4):379-388
The requirements of historical environments that are related to social and economical changes sometimes necessitate the re-use of historical buildings that no longer serve their functions. Deciding how to re-use historical buildings is a difficult problem when the concerns of decision makers are not aligned. This paper proposes a methodology for the appropriate re-use of historical patterns that have lost their original functions and discusses the results of such re-use. Appropriate re-use can result in a sustainable preservation of both historical assets and the environment. Thus, the respectful conversion of structures for new uses based on economic and social needs ensures the authenticity of the structure and of the historical environment. In this study, the historical pattern of Diyarbak?r Hasan Pasha Khan was evaluated through the application of the proposed method. Adaptation of the structure required knowledge of traditional construction techniques. The results reveal that the proposed methodology can be effectively used for historical patterns to prioritise between various re-use criteria. This methodology can be applied in the context of re-use problems and provides solutions for such problems in historical buildings. 相似文献
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7.
城市文化是一座城市的核心竞争力和名片,而古都代表着一座城市辉煌灿烂的历史,浸透着不同阶段不同程度上的中华传统文化。随着新媒体时代的到来,微信等新媒体为古都城市文化的传播提供了新的载体和呈现形式。以古都洛阳历史文化资源点的微信公众号为例,选取代表古都洛阳城市历史文化形象的20个历史资源点的公众账号,从组织机构定位、信息发布、内容构成三方面分析,发现了洛阳历史文化资源点微信公众号在意识形态、传播内容、传播效果和运营管理等方面的问题,并力图提出更为有效的解决方案。 相似文献
8.
This paper introduces the double public good model as a representation of the simultaneous externalities that complicate decision making in the cultural heritage sphere. Social welfare is modeled as depending on both public and private benefits of households' production of individual heritage experience, which in turn depends on the stock of historic assets (a public good) and access effort (a private good). The public benefit of private experience arises from ``shared experience' that fosters cultural identity and social understandings. The model generates marginal efficiency conditions for the amount of physical preservation, amount of access, and intensity of access. The model highlights the need for dual-level policy making in order to avoid unbalanced heritage preservation efforts that have been of some concern in the literature. 相似文献
9.
文化遗产是一个地区历史和文化的见证,是对历史的记录,对现代人而言是具有重要价值的历史文化资源。历史文化名城商丘,在国家相关政策引导下,积极进行有机更新。通过调研的方法,依托文化资源与旅游业相融合发展的政策背景,结合商丘的文化遗产状况分析商丘古城文化旅游建设过程的自身优势以及在发展文化旅游时存在的问题,提出发展文化旅游建设需要管理者积极转变思路,以游客需求为中心提供相关服务;进行部门合作,规范管理;政府给与产业政策倾斜,多产业融合的措施和建议,以期为商丘古城旅游建设添砖加瓦。 相似文献
10.
The design approaches of new exterior additions to historic buildings have been among the ongoing debates in the field of architectural conservation. The aim of this study is to develop an assessment method, which can be used to determine the compatibility in architectural expression of the new addition in relation to the characteristics of a historic building. This method is based on the architectural analysis, which includes environmental relations, building-lot relations, mass relations and the facade composition of the historic building both before and after the new addition in relation to the value of a historical building. In this study, a selected group of historic buildings in ?zmir, Turkey with new exterior additions was analysed with regard to their exterior architectural characteristics in order to evaluate the compatibility of the new addition, by employing the use of contemporary conservation principles. The importance of this study is to guide architects to form the basis of a decision for developing an integrated approach in designing new additions in the course of the actual design process. On the other hand, the proposed method can be evaluated as a contribution to the emerging field of heritage impact assessments as well as scientific assistance to local governments to criticize specific projects of cultural heritage assets submitted for appraisal. Analysis results showed that the value of the historic building should first clearly be identified and a new addition should bear the identity of its own period. However, instead of altering the scale or form of the historic building, a new addition should complement and contribute to the sense of proportion, disposition and historical pattern. 相似文献
11.
Many cities are trying to attract tourists by investing in urban amenities. Cultural heritage is an important example, and substantial investments are needed to keep ancient inner cities and characteristic monumental buildings in good shape. The costs of these policies are usually clear, and the benefits are often much more difficult to assess. This paper attempts to fill part of this gap by studying the destination choices of urban recreation trips that have urban recreation as the main travel motive. We estimate a discrete choice model for destination choice that takes into account the potential importance of unobserved characteristics. The model allows us to compute the marginal willingness-to-travel for destinations offering more cultural heritage, which we measure as the area of the inner city that has a protected status because of the cultural heritage that is present there. 相似文献
12.
Enrico Quagliarini Enrico Esposito Antonio del Conte 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(2):122-128
Correct interventions on cultural heritage should have as their starting point an accurate diagnosis of its health, in order to design a compatible care. NDTs seem to offer a promising way in this sense. This paper deals with the combined use of IRT and LDV for the investigation of historical thin vaults made by timber arches, reeds, and plaster and it demonstrates that they can effectively support a deeper knowledge of these vaults as it concerns the presence of detached areas among the different mortar layers of the plaster and of detached areas among the mat of reeds and the nailed connection with the wooden bearing elements. This is a very important goal because these ND methodologies can be employed only on the lower surface of these vaults and sufficiently far from it, and they do not have any mechanical interaction with the historical, eventually frescoed or stuccoed, plaster, thus saving money and time. 相似文献
13.
城市色彩景观是城市整体风貌的重要组成要素,对于保护城市建成文化遗产,传承城市文化基因以及协调城市传统风貌区与周边建成环境有着重要的作用。借助视知觉理论,结合重庆市人民大礼堂历史文化传统风貌区的核心保护范围和建设控制地带的管控要求,划定风貌区周边片区色彩景观研究范围。从色彩景观评价和认知维度,采用MATLAB平台自拟程序量化方式和公众参与社会调查方法,分析研究片区范围内,城市色彩景观结构及建筑色彩。研究发现片区色彩整体统一,但局部色彩不协调、单栋建筑色彩突出,进而提出风貌区周边色彩景观整体控制、点状更新及分类实施的提升策略。 相似文献
14.
Building stone and related weathering in the architecture of the ancient city of Naples 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Maurizio de&#x; Gennaro Domenico Calcaterra Piergiulio Cappelletti Alessio Langella Vincenzo Morra 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2000,1(4):399
The survey of materials constituting the buildings of the ancient city centre of Naples and of their decay typologies was carried out. Reports were entered in a database which enabled us to draw two thematic maps in a digital format: one of materials and lithotypes, and one showing weathering. On this basis, quantitative evaluations of the lithotypes were carried out. The research pointed out that the use of different lithotypes was mainly as a result of their availability and/or ease of exploitation. Furthermore, the importance of the preservation of the quarrying sites was stressed, both for their historical and cultural interest and, above all, for possible forthcoming provisioning finalized to restorations. The analysis of the results, made on a geo-mineralogical basis, as well as the thematic maps, gives a basic tool which will be very useful to those professionals involved in preservation of cultural heritage. 相似文献
15.
随着文化遗产类型的不断丰富,在大尺度遗产的保护过程中,真实性与完整性的矛盾越来越突出,对我国既有的文化遗产保护体系构成了严峻的挑战.对遗产区域化保护的理论和实践进行阐述,初步分析了遗产区域化保护规划的关键技术问题,以大运河扬州段为例,就大运河遗产的区域化保护方法进行探讨.认为文化遗产区域化保护不仅是保护理念、方法的变化... 相似文献
16.
Chang-Jun Kim Wi Sung Yoo Ung-Kyun Lee Ki-Jun Song Kyung-In Kang Hunhee Cho 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(4):193-437
Today's restoration and preservation of cultural heritage is an important task because of its historical significance, symbolism, and economic benefits. Decision makers or executors often encounter with taking decisions on which heritage is prioritized to be restored within the limited budget. However, very few tools are available to determine appropriately restoration priorities for the diverse historical heritages, perhaps because of a lack of systematized decision-making aids. This paper proposes an alternative decision support model to prioritize restoration needs within the executable budget. The model is constructed on stochastic analytic hierarchy process (S-AHP) and knowledge-based experience curve (EC); the former requires the input data to be random variables for interpreting probabilistically the ranks of the prioritized heritages and the latter reflects quantitatively the contribution of experts’ knowledge to weighting significant criteria in carrying out an assessment of restoration urgency. The application of 14 cultural heritages in Korea has been conducted, and the results are analyzed to illustrate the model's efficiency. 相似文献
17.
Since 2005, Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) is the standard by which United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) evaluates world cultural heritage site suitability. The sites worthy of UNESCO preservation as well as the parameters used to demonstrate OUV are diverse. Our study focused on the uniquely distinguished rural landscape sites and the OUV parameter of integrity. Integrity however, is an elusive concept for which UNESCO provides no definitional protocol, and for which the scientific community objects to a static or pure historical interpretation. Given this, our work aims to analyse the concept of integrity and how it can be used to preserve the heritage of rural landscapes. After reviewing the UNESCO approach, we focused on the international scientific debate on the meaning and application of integrity. We designed and conducted a comparative study of UNESCO rural landscapes selected from the 2011 World Heritage List. Documents describing the historical, rural, and agro-ecological features of each of the fourteen rural sites were analysed. From this, several historical and ecological parameters were chosen as “values to have” and several socio-economic and management parameters were chosen as “values to maintain” to assess the integrity of each landscape. Our results found integrity to be a value of both cultural and natural landscapes and that it is key to site identity. We demonstrated that UNESCO assigns a high value to the following parameters: historical features, traditional crops and local products, land-use and agricultural practice permanence, and the presence of architecture related to agricultural activity. Finally, we found the relationship between culture and nature to characterize best the integrity of a rural landscape, rather than nature or culture alone. 相似文献
18.
面对不断增长的开发压力,越来越多的历史城镇空间景观遭到新建项目的威胁与破坏,历史性城镇景观(HUL)方法尝试以景观视角解读当前发展对于历史城镇的影响。借由当前快速城镇化背景下历史城镇的保护与发展问题,阐述HUL方法形成过程与内涵,明确其特点与进步所在,并在研究黎巴嫩提尔古城保护案例的基础上,详细介绍了HUL方法所提出的工作手段,即知识和规划手段、公众参与手段、监管制度与财务手段,进而针对我国历史城镇的问题与诉求,从重视历史城镇整体性保护、强调历史层积、协调发展历史城镇和文化旅游、加强公众参与等四个方面探讨基于历史性城镇景观视角的规划方法,以期更好地促进我国历史城镇的保护和发展。 相似文献
19.
In this paper, the threat posed to cultural heritage by landslides and avalanches is analysed for two communities (Ushguli and Mulakhi) in the Upper Svaneti region in Georgia. The vulnerability of 60 cultural heritage objects has been evaluated through a conservation calculation based on an existing methodology using a State of Conservation Index (SCIx), which served as an input in a Spatial Multicriteria Evaluation (SMCE). Factors that are considered important for the occurrence of landslides (slope, landcover, lithology and drainage density) and snow avalanches (slope, insolation, slope curvature and landcover) have been used to generate a susceptibility map. A qualitative risk assessment was carried out by combining susceptible areas and cultural heritage objects. As there were very limited historical data available on the occurrence of landslides and snow avalanches, a combination of local and expert knowledge has been used to extract information on both cultural heritage and natural hazards. Existing management plans were also analysed to evaluate how natural hazards could be incorporated. Finally, some recommendations are given related to the analysis of the impact of natural hazards on cultural heritage in Georgia. 相似文献
20.
借鉴场景理论,保护、展示和利用构成了工业遗产保护的核心议题和目标场景。首先,应基于工业文明的价值判定保护各类遗存,构建面向学者的保护场景;其次,应在保护基础上充分展示并系统阐述遗产价值,形成面向公众的展示场景;第三,应结合城市发展背景整体构思工业遗产的特色职能,形成面向消费者的利用场景。三者既各成体系、又相互支撑并相互协调。最后以九江动力机厂保护规划为实证案例,提出上述目标的具体规划策略。 相似文献