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伴随着传统石油燃料储备的减少和环境问题的日益突出,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFCs)作为可持续的绿色替代能源已经在学术界和能源界引起了极大的研究兴趣,而阳极催化剂则是影响DMFCs性能的重要因素之一.本文从Pt基和非Pt基催化剂两大方面论述了DMFCs阳极催化剂的国内外研究现状,简单分析了相关机理,并对DMFCs的应用未来进行了展望. 相似文献
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研究了常压下不同温度和0.5～2.0 mol/L甲醇浓度对直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）性能的影响.膜电极集合体（Membrane electrode assembly,MEA）是用Nafion117作固体电解质、一定量的PtRu/C和Pt/C电催化剂分别作阳极和阴极.通过极化曲线和交流阻抗谱的测量对电池的性能进行了分析.功率密度随温度的升高而增大,随甲醇浓度的增加而增大直到1 mol/L达到最大值,在常压363 K时最大功率密度为135 mW/cm^2. 相似文献
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周先树 《西安文理学院学报》2007,10(3):5-9
碳酸二甲酯的合成是近年来国内外的一个研究热点.氧化羰化法已经成为一种有效的合成碳酸二甲酯的方法.综述了甲醇氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯催化剂的研究和开发现状.深入探讨了液相氧化羰化合成中铜基催化剂的研究进展及其反应机理,并比较了不同的铜催化剂在氧化羰化中的催化效果.为进一步提高催化剂的活性、选择性、延长催化剂寿命、减少腐蚀性,开发出性能更好的工业催化剂,则需要深入研究其作用机理,并通过添加助剂和载体的方式来实现. 相似文献
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合成甲醇催化剂的发展综述 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
杜娜 《石家庄职业技术学院学报》2003,15(2):6-8
介绍了甲醇合成催化剂由最初的含铬催化剂，经铜基催化剂，发展到现在非铜基催化剂的发展过程．其中铜基催化剂在甲醇合成中占有主导地位，并从活性位和添加助剂钾和锆三方面做了详细的说明． 相似文献
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董军 《海南师范学院学报》2007,20(3):256-259
用两步循环伏安法制备了Pt/GC电极，并采用电化学方法、X射线衍射法XRD和电镜对该电极进行了表征，研究了该电极对甲醇的电催化氧化性能，实验结果表明，Pt/GC电极显示出较高的电催化活性和稳定性；计算出传递系数． 相似文献
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甲醇氧化成甲醛的生产条件研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
周光灿 《重庆第二师范学院学报》2004,17(3):45-48
在精细有机化工生产中,氧化是一类重要的化学反应过程.通过氧化反应可以制取醇、醛、酮、酸、酸酐等多种产品,其中,催化剂的应用是工艺的灵魂,它常常在很大程度上决定着生产的水平及其创新程度.按氧化剂的不同,氧化反应可分为空气氧化和化学氧化.本文分析了甲醇氧化成甲醛的反应动力学,以及催化剂的研究、选择、组成和制备,探讨了生产甲醛的操作条件、反应设备、产品质量及工艺过程的一般规律. 相似文献
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1 Introduction Direct methanol fuel cell ( DMFC) is desirable toserve as the power systemfor portable devices such ascellular phones , portable computers ,etc. due to thetheoretically high energy density and the liquid fuelused that can be stored and tran… 相似文献
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This paper introduces the effects of cell operating temperature, methanol concentration and airflow rate, respectively, on the performance of direct methanol fuel cell （DMFC）. A novel method based on fuzzy neural networks identification technique is proposed to establish the performance model of DMFC. Three dynamic performance models of DMFC under the influences of cell operating temperature, methanol concentration, and airflow rate are identified and established separately. Simulation results show that modeling using fuzzy neural networks identification is satisfactory with high accuracy. It is applicable to DMFC control systems. 相似文献
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Li Y Luo ZY Yu CJ Luo D Xu ZA Cen KF 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(11):1124-1129
INTRODUCTION The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has attracted much attention as a promising source of electrical power generation because of its high efficiency in converting chemical energy to electrical power. De- velopment of SOFC with operating temperature of less than 800 °C has been extensively studied. SOFC has the potential to have the cost of its materials, cell fabrication, and corrosion of its stack components dramatically reduced. Gadolinia-doped ceria with the chemical fo… 相似文献
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我国原油需求对外依存度逐年上升,结合我国“贫油少气相对富煤”的能源状况,发展煤基甲醇燃料符合我国的国情。随着人们对甲醇燃料优势的不断认识,政策环境和市场环境的不断改善,甲醇燃料具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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Control design is important for proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC） generator. This work researched the anode system ofa 60-kW PEMFC generator. Both anode pressure and humidity must be maintained at ideal levels during steady operation. In view of characteristics and requirements of the system, a hybrid intelligent PID controller is designed specifically based on dynamic simulation. A single neuron PI controller is used for anode humidity by adjusting the water injection to the hydrogen cell. Another incremental PID controller, based on the diagonal recurrent neural network （DRNN） dynamic identification, is used to control anode pressure to be more stable and exact by adjusting the hydrogen flow rate. This control strategy can avoid the coupling problem of the PEMFC and achieve a more adaptive ability. Simulation results showed that the control strategy can maintain both anode humidity and pressure at ideal levels regardless of variable load, nonlinear dynamic and coupling characteristics of the system. This work will give some guides for further control design and applications of the total PEMFC generator. 相似文献
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Qing WEN Ying WU Li-xin ZHAO Qian SUN Fan-ying KONG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2010,11(2):87-93
A sequential anode-cathode double-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC), in which the effluent of anode chamber was used as a continuous feed for an aerated cathode chamber, was constructed in this experiment to investigate the performance of brewery wastewater treatment in conjugation with electricity generation. Carbon fiber was used as anode and plain carbon felt with biofilm as cathode. When hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 14.7 h, a relatively high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 91.7%–95.7% was achieved under long-term stable operation. The MFC displayed an open circuit voltage of 0.434 V and a maximum power density of 830 mW/m3 at an external resistance of 300 ?. To estimate the electrochemical performance of the MFC, electrochemical measurements were carried out and showed that polarization resistance of anode was the major limiting factor in the MFC. Since a high COD removal efficiency was achieved, we conclude that the sequential anode-cathode MFC constructed with bio-cathode in this experiment could provide a new approach for brewery wastewater treatment. 相似文献
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胡雅琴 《雁北师范学院学报》2011,27(3)
直接碳燃料电池是一种按电化学方式直接将碳的化学能转化成电能,而不经过燃烧过程的发电方法。对直接碳燃料电池的工作原理、性能影响因素进行了综述,并对它存在的问题和今后的研究方向做了探讨。 相似文献
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采用陶瓷薄膜技术及溶胶一凝胶法制备了氧离子传导YSZ（Y2O3稳定的ZrO2）电解膜与电极催化剂,构建了膜电极组装（MEA）及结构为H2S、（复合MoS2阳极）／YSZ传导膜／（复合NiO阴极）、空气燃料电池系统;通过在MoS2中掺杂NiS、电解质、Ag粉和淀粉制备了双金属复合MoS2阳极催化剂,在NiO中添加电解质、Ag粉和淀粉制备了复合NiO阴极催化剂：考察了不同操作温度对电池性能的影响,比较了几种不同电极催化剂的性能,研究了H2S／air固体氧化物燃料电池的电化学性能。实验结果表明,在H2S环境中,复合MoS2阳极催化剂比MoS2和Pt具有更好的性能,复合Nio阴极Pt阴极的极化小;在电极催化剂中加入Ag可显著提高电极的导电性．添加电解质和淀粉可以提高电极的离子传导性和多孔性：操作温度增加．传导膜的电传导率和电化学反应速率增加,电池的输出电流与功率密度增加,电化学性能变好。电池连续运行1～4d几乎不降级。在850℃和101．13kPa时．燃料电池最大输出功率密度为155mW·cm^-2,对应的电流密度为240mA·cm^-2。 相似文献
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燃料电池的研究现状及发展趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
胡跃华 《赣南师范学院学报》2002,(6):58-59
根据燃料电池的特点,综述了碱性燃料电池(AFC)、磷酸型燃料电池(PAFC)、熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(MCFC)、固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)、质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的研究现状及燃料电池的发展趋势. 相似文献
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ZHU Li-ya GUO Jing-kang YAO Li-feng DING Yi-min Department of Chemistry College of Sciences Shanghai University Shanghai China 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2000,(Z1)
1 IntroductionIn the late nineteen cenny chemists were seekingfor a way to convex chemical ~ of coal directlyinto electrical energy by means of electrochemisnyThey could not make a rapid progress on it anvil 1970's,when the molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) wasPresent. It is well-kllown that in tradihonal electricitygeneration, such as firepower electricity-generation,chemical energy is cotlvthed intO heat energy, then intomechanical energy, at last into electrical energy, and theconversion … 相似文献